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基于路径分析与模糊数学相结合的项目管理绩效评估方法研究
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摘要
项目管理是企业深化改革和提高效益的重要途径。在国际竞争愈演愈烈的今天,提高施工企业的管理水平是其在国际竞争环境下生存的关键。科学合理的绩效评估有利于促进企业调整自身的管理方法和经营活动,逐渐缩短差距,增强参与国际竞争的实力。因此,如何对项目管理绩效进行评价,改进传统方法的不足,建立一套更为全面、有效的指标体系和评价方法,具有重要的现实意义。
    本文以项目管理绩效评价指标和评价方法的选择为核心,在大量查阅和深入研究国内外有关项目管理绩效评价方法的基础上,首先对项目管理评价的理论框架和常用项目管理绩效评价方法进行了研究和总结,并分析了这些方法中的不足,提出了本课题研究的重要意义。继而论文从评价指标的选择和评价方法的改进两方面进行展开研究。
    有关评价指标的选择问题,论文在分析常用项目管理评价指标缺陷的基础上,从项目管理绩效的本质出发,进一步明确了影响项目管理绩效的因素;从而依据评价指标的设计原则和要求以及项目管理评价指标的特点,建立了集结构指标、过程指标与结果指标于一体的完整的评价指标体系,完善了传统评价指标忽略结果指标的不足。
    鉴于模糊综合评价法能够全面考虑各影响因素(包括定量因素、定性因素)对评价目标的综合影响,且适用于影响因素存在不确定性的情况,论文将模糊综合评价法应用到项目管理绩效评估中,从定量评估和定性评估两方面加以运用。在确定指标权重的步骤中,论文进行了创新,采用路径分析法作为确定评价指标权重的方法。路径分析法的引入,进一步克服了主观影响,且使该指标权重的计算结果对于同类项目都具有一定的通用性。
    最后,论文以模糊综合评价法为主线,将路径分析与模糊综合评价法结合起来,通过完整的案例分析具体化这一过程。
Project management is an important approach to deepen reformation and enhance benefit. Nowadays, to improve the managerial level is a key point for a construction enterprise to survive in the world. Scientific performance evaluation is beneficial for enterprises to regulate and strengthen themselves. Therefore, how to overcome the weakness in traditional evaluation methods and to constitute a set of index and measures are highly meaningful.
    
    The thesis mainly discusses the selection of index and measures to project management evaluation. Based on the large amount of foreign and domestic information and the analysis of current theory and models, the thesis firstly studies and summarizes project evaluation theory, as well as the traditional methods to project management evaluation. Then it points out the defects existed in these methods. Furthermore, the thesis discusses the index selection and measures option separately.
    
    For the selection of index, the paper analyzes the limitation in the familiar index systems. After defining the factors affecting the project management effectiveness, according to the principle to design an index system, the paper sets up a rounded one that integrates structural index, process index with resultant index. This index system improves the traditional system.
    
    Considering that fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method has the advantages of integrality and applicability, the paper applies it to the evaluation for project management performance. This process goes with two branches, i.e., quantitative evaluation and qualitative evaluation. In the step of determining the index weight, the paper puts forward an innovative means. It introduces path analysis to index weight determination. The alteration made is capable of reducing the subjective influence. The result with path analysis can be wide used by kindred projects.
    
    Finally, the thesis integrates the path analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and specifies the process by a case.
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