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三相PWM整流器控制策略的研究
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摘要
随着电力电子装置的日益广泛应用,电网中的谐波污染日益严重,消除谐波污染并提高功率因数,已成为电力电子技术中的一个重大课题。
     作者通过查阅大量国内外参考文献对三相高功率PWM整流器的研究现状有了系统的认识,通过对参考文献的认真研读,对各种控制策略和各种控制方法的优点及所存在的缺陷有了深入的理解。
     论文在系统分析PWM控制技术在三相整流器中的应用的基础上,通过分析三相PWM整流器的物理工作过程,对三相PWM整流器的工作原理做了详细的闸述。在建立了三相PWM整流器数学模型的基础上,通过MATLAB/SIMULINK工具箱对该模型的正确性进行仿真验证。
     高功率因数PWM整流器的实现关键在于如何得到与输入电压同相位的输入电流,而同相位的输入电流的实现关键在于如何得到合适的整流器交流侧的电压空间矢量。论文采用了空间矢量的调制方法应用于整流器中,通过仿真验证了方案的可行性。
     在综合分析了PWM整流器的各种控制方法和控制策略的基础上,论文比较详细地介绍了几种重要的和工程应用较多的控制方法和控制策略,提出了基于双闭环控制的PWM整流器的工程设计方法:通过PARK变换将ABC三相静止坐标系变换到同步旋转的dq坐标系,通过解耦控制,对构成电流环的内环和构成电压环的外环PI控制器的设计给出了系统的介绍,最后通过仿真验证了方案的可行性。
     常规PID控制器不容易实现最优控制,论文提出了基于遗传算法的PID控制器在PWM整流器中的应用。在详细介绍遗传算法的基本原理、遗传算法的优化设计、遗传算法的PID整定的基础上,通过仿真验证了方案的可行性。
The more application of power electronics equipment, the more harmonic pollution, since eliminating harmonic pollution and improving power factor are the quite important task in the field of power electronics.
    Through reading lots of national and native conference documents, the whole understanding to the current researches of the 3-phase high power factor PWM rectifier are obtained, in the same time, the profound comprehend to the features of the different control strategy and control methods are acquired.
    After analyzing some kinds of PWM control technology and its application in the 3-phase rectifier, the principle of PWM rectifier is introduced in details. On the basis of deducing the rectifier's mathematical model, the MATLAB simulation model is achieved, and the validity of the mathematical model are confirmed by simulation result.
    The key step to achieve high power factor PWM rectifier is how to make the input current's initial phase equal to the input voltage's, where the key step to achieve the same initial phase is how to get the suitable voltage space vector. Its application in the PWM rectifier and theory are described in details, and simulation result indicates that the method has a robust performance.
    Based on analyzing the various control methods and strategies, a few important control methods and the more-applying engineering designing methods are introduced. Especially the paper introduces the dual-close-loop engineering designing method: firstly the ABC 3-phase stationary coordinate is translated into 2-phase stationary by the PARK transformation, secondly the PI adjustor's parameter of current and voltage loop's is designed, lately the correction of the designed parameter is testified by simulation results.
    As the traditional PID controller is difficult to achieve the optimum control, on the basis of introducing the principle, optimum design and PID alter of the GA, the paper adopts the GA's PID to identify the parameters of the PWM rectifier. Simulation results verify the validity of the scheme and the improvements to the PWM rectifier .
引文
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