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三聚氰胺甲醛树脂纤维的工艺研究
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摘要
本文通过对国内外大量文献资料的查询和分析,研究了三聚氰胺甲醛的聚合反应过程及机理。采用各种热塑性树脂对树脂溶液进行改性,最终选定了BPC-17树脂作为改性成纤剂。研究了两种稳定剂对树脂溶液的影响,选定了硼酸作为树脂溶液的稳定剂,并推测了其作用机理。确定了纺丝溶液的实验室制备路线并自行设计并制造了纺丝设备,经过安装和调试后用于纺丝溶液的纺丝。纺出了初生纤维,对初生纤维进行了固化处理并进行了IR、XRD、DTA、TG等结构表征,纤维的最高使用温度到达370℃。对固化的纤维进行后处理及力学性能、耐热性能的测试,在160℃下处理3h后纤维的性能最好,LOI值达到34,但伸长率只有2%~3%。因此纤维的性能尚有待改进。
This thesis investigated the polymerization process of melamine and formaldehyde after referring to a great deal of domestic and foreign documents. Some thermoplastics have been used to modify melamine-formaldehyde resin solution and BPC-17 resin was selected as fiber-shaped agent finally. The effect of two stabilization agents to the resin solution was studied, at last boric acid was chosen, and then, its stabilization mechanism was speculated. The filature equipment was designed and its parts were manufactured after confirming the lab preparation route of the filature resin solution. After being installed and debugged, the equipment was used to spin the filature resin into firstborn fiber. Some series of firstborn fibers were solidified, and then, they were characterized through IR, XRD, DTA, TG. The result showed the top using temperature of the solidified fibers reach 370℃. The solidified fibers were dealt and their mechanics performance and heat-resistance were tested, the result showed after 3h at 160℃
    , the mechanics performance of fibers prove to be the best, their LOI are about 34, but their elongation ratio are only 2%~3%, they have to be improved.
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