基于Microsoft. Net Framework的JWXT的UML分析、设计与实现
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摘要
教务与教学管理信息系统(以下简称JWXT)是高校管理信息系统中复杂程度较高、开发难度较大的MIS软件之一，开发能够满足教务与教学管理需求，适应需求变化，同时具有很强的可扩充性、可重用性、可靠性和可维护性的网上教务与教学管理信息系统一直是困扰开发者的一个难题。
本文根据高校教务与教学管理工作的实际情况，从组件技术、系统体系结构、开发方法等方面综合考虑，设计了一个行之有效的开发方案，开发了基于Microsoft．Net Framework的JWXT。在开发过程中，做了以下工作：
1．采用Microsoft．Net Framework体系结构，把组件化与面向对象开发方法相结合，以组件化程序开发方法构造系统的体系结构，使用面向对象的方法进行组件的开发。
2．借助Rose工具将UML语言和．Net Framework应用开发结合起来，进行可视化建模，定义系统需求，描述系统设计。将Web页面、客户端界面、组件对象、数据表和数据库都作为类或对象，按照真实世界的观点进行建模。
3．依据软件工程学的观点来制定设计开发步骤。将数据库设计和组件规划做为这一开发方案的关键环节，设计了数据层，规划了各层次组件。
4．设计了系统的安全策略。不仅对不同类型的用户授予不同权限，而且采用中间业务逻辑层组件作为登录组件，实现对系统登录的检测。
经实际运用，该方案一方面可以在系统建立的早期暴露和减少风险，实现分析设计和程序实现的平滑过渡，控制系统的复杂牲，使系统结构更为合理和更易扩展，降低系统的维护费用，提高开发效率；另一方面，对Internet应用系统的可扩充性、可重用性、可靠性和可维护性起到了非常重要的作用，进一步拓展了Internet应用的领域和范围。该方案不仅具有较强的实用价值，而且具有一定的理论意义，同时这种方法还适合于其他应用系统的开发。
Educational administration & Teaching Management System (Abbreviated to JWXT) is one of the most difficult and complicated MIS software in university management information systems. It is a great challenge to develop a web educational administration & teaching management system that satisfies the demand of educational administration & teaching and is of great extensibility, reusability, dependability and maintainability.
According to the actuality; of educational administration & Teaching management in universities, this paper designs an efficient scheme, and develops a JWXT based on Microsoft .Net Framework considering component technology, system architecture and develop methods. My main work is as follows:
1. Combines component technology with OOT using the Microsoft.Net Framework architecture. Uses the component programming method to construct the system's architecture, and applies OOT to the components development.
2. Combines UML with .Net Framework using ROSE to implement visualized modeling. Defines system requirement and describes system design. Takes web pages, client UI, component object, table and database as objects or classes to do modeling from the viewpoint of real world.
3. Decides the development procedure according to the viewpoint of software engineering. Takes database design and components layout as the key points. Designs the data layer and arranges the components on each layer.
4. Designs the security strategy of the system. The strategy hot only assigns different rights to different users, but also uses the business logic middleware as the login component to realize the detection of system logins.
This scheme is of many advantages such as: first, making use of this scheme, we can expose and reduce risks in the earlier time, realize smooth transition from analysis & design to implementation, control the complexity of the system, obtain more reasonable and extendable system structure, reduce system maintaining cost and improve development efficiency. On the other hand, great improvement can
be made to the extensibility, reusability, dependability and maintainability of Internet applications and the scope of Internet applications is further extended. The scheme is of great value not only in practice but also in theory, meanwhile, the method can be used to other application development.
本文根据高校教务与教学管理工作的实际情况，从组件技术、系统体系结构、开发方法等方面综合考虑，设计了一个行之有效的开发方案，开发了基于Microsoft．Net Framework的JWXT。在开发过程中，做了以下工作：
1．采用Microsoft．Net Framework体系结构，把组件化与面向对象开发方法相结合，以组件化程序开发方法构造系统的体系结构，使用面向对象的方法进行组件的开发。
2．借助Rose工具将UML语言和．Net Framework应用开发结合起来，进行可视化建模，定义系统需求，描述系统设计。将Web页面、客户端界面、组件对象、数据表和数据库都作为类或对象，按照真实世界的观点进行建模。
3．依据软件工程学的观点来制定设计开发步骤。将数据库设计和组件规划做为这一开发方案的关键环节，设计了数据层，规划了各层次组件。
4．设计了系统的安全策略。不仅对不同类型的用户授予不同权限，而且采用中间业务逻辑层组件作为登录组件，实现对系统登录的检测。
经实际运用，该方案一方面可以在系统建立的早期暴露和减少风险，实现分析设计和程序实现的平滑过渡，控制系统的复杂牲，使系统结构更为合理和更易扩展，降低系统的维护费用，提高开发效率；另一方面，对Internet应用系统的可扩充性、可重用性、可靠性和可维护性起到了非常重要的作用，进一步拓展了Internet应用的领域和范围。该方案不仅具有较强的实用价值，而且具有一定的理论意义，同时这种方法还适合于其他应用系统的开发。
Educational administration & Teaching Management System (Abbreviated to JWXT) is one of the most difficult and complicated MIS software in university management information systems. It is a great challenge to develop a web educational administration & teaching management system that satisfies the demand of educational administration & teaching and is of great extensibility, reusability, dependability and maintainability.
According to the actuality; of educational administration & Teaching management in universities, this paper designs an efficient scheme, and develops a JWXT based on Microsoft .Net Framework considering component technology, system architecture and develop methods. My main work is as follows:
1. Combines component technology with OOT using the Microsoft.Net Framework architecture. Uses the component programming method to construct the system's architecture, and applies OOT to the components development.
2. Combines UML with .Net Framework using ROSE to implement visualized modeling. Defines system requirement and describes system design. Takes web pages, client UI, component object, table and database as objects or classes to do modeling from the viewpoint of real world.
3. Decides the development procedure according to the viewpoint of software engineering. Takes database design and components layout as the key points. Designs the data layer and arranges the components on each layer.
4. Designs the security strategy of the system. The strategy hot only assigns different rights to different users, but also uses the business logic middleware as the login component to realize the detection of system logins.
This scheme is of many advantages such as: first, making use of this scheme, we can expose and reduce risks in the earlier time, realize smooth transition from analysis & design to implementation, control the complexity of the system, obtain more reasonable and extendable system structure, reduce system maintaining cost and improve development efficiency. On the other hand, great improvement can
be made to the extensibility, reusability, dependability and maintainability of Internet applications and the scope of Internet applications is further extended. The scheme is of great value not only in practice but also in theory, meanwhile, the method can be used to other application development.
引文
[1] Booch G, Jacobson I, Rumbaugh J. The Unified Software Development Process[M]. Addision-Wesley, 1998
[2] Rumbaugh J, Jacobson I, Booch G. The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual[M]. Addision-Wesley, 1999
[3] G. Booch, J. Rumbaugh, I. Jacobson. The Unified Modeling Language User Guide[M]. Addison-Wesley, 1999. 邵维忠等译，机械工业出版社．
[4] Booch G, Jacobson I, Rumbaugh J. Visual Modeling with: Rational Rose and UML[M]. Addision-Wesley, 1997
[5] Naiburg E J, Maksimchuk R A. UML for Database Design[M]. Addision-Wesley, 2002
[6] Boggs W, Boggs M. Mastering UML with Rational Rose 2002[M]. 邱仲潘译．北京：电子工业出版社，2002
[7] Robert J O. Understanding & Programming COM+[M]．刘谦译．北京：电子工业出版社，2001
[8] Eddon G, Eddon H. Inside COM+ Base Services[M]. 希望图书创作室译．北京：北京希望电子出版社，2000．
[9] [美]Carsten Thomsen. Database Programming with Visual Basic. NET[M]. 常晓波译．北京：中国电力出版社，2003
[10] Wallace B. McClure, John J. Croft Ⅳ. Building Highly Scalable Database Applications with. NET[M]. 李万红译。北京：清华大学出版社，2003
[11] Richard Anderson. ASP 3程序员参考手册[M]．张龙卿译．北京：机械工业出版社，2001
[12] Matt J·Crouch. 怎样用ASP和COM进行Web编程[M]．康博创作室译．北京：人民邮电出版社，2001
[13] Paul R. Read, Jr. Developing Applications With Visual Basic and UML[M]．李博，崔慧敏译．北京：清华大学出版社，2002
[14] Mary Kirtland. Designing Component-based Applications[M].北京
博彦科技发展有限公司译．北京：北京大学出版社，1999
[15] http://www.learnasp.com/learnasp
[16] http://www.msdn.microsoft.com/Xml/general/wsdl.asp
[17] http://www.microsoft.com/sql
[18] http://www.msdn.microsoft.com/net
[19] http://www.UWLchina.com
[20] http://www.microsoft.com/china/msdn/architecture
[21] http://www.msdn.microsoft.com
[22] 王少锋．面向对象技术UML教程[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，2003
[23] 潘爱民．COM原理与应用[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，1999
[24] 余英，梁刚Visual C++实践与提高——COM和COM+篇[M]．北京：中国铁道出版社，2001
[25] 郑人杰．软件工程[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，2000
[26] 萨师煊、王珊，数据库系统概论(第三版)[M]．高等教育出版社，2000
[27] 刘超，张莉．可视化面向对象建模技术[M]．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1999
[28] 精锐创作组编．Visual Basic. NET与动态网页技术整合应用[M]．北京：人民邮电出版社．
[29] 邵维忠，扬芙清．面向对象的系统设计[M]．清华大学出版社，广西科学技术出版社，1998
[30] 宛延闿，定海．面向对象分析和设计[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，2000
[31] 吴丽贤，和力，李丽．基于组件的网上教务管理系统[J]．计算机与现代化，2003 NO．1
[32] 李丽，田敬军，梁娟．构建基于XML的Web分布式体系结构[J]．现代电子技术．2004 NO．2
[33] 马良荔，舒畅．基于三层Client／Server结构的档案信息管理系统设计[J]．海军工程大学学报，2003 N．2
[34] 李晓林，闵华清，张彦铎．基于三层结构的设备管理信息系统开发技术及其实现[J]．计算机应用，2001 NO．8
[35] 王辉，武学东．应用UML高效规划和设计网站[J]．微型机与应用，2002 NO．4
[36] [美]Robert J. Oberg. Understanding&Programming COM+[M]．刘谦，苏建平等译．北京：电子工业出版社，2001
[2] Rumbaugh J, Jacobson I, Booch G. The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual[M]. Addision-Wesley, 1999
[3] G. Booch, J. Rumbaugh, I. Jacobson. The Unified Modeling Language User Guide[M]. Addison-Wesley, 1999. 邵维忠等译，机械工业出版社．
[4] Booch G, Jacobson I, Rumbaugh J. Visual Modeling with: Rational Rose and UML[M]. Addision-Wesley, 1997
[5] Naiburg E J, Maksimchuk R A. UML for Database Design[M]. Addision-Wesley, 2002
[6] Boggs W, Boggs M. Mastering UML with Rational Rose 2002[M]. 邱仲潘译．北京：电子工业出版社，2002
[7] Robert J O. Understanding & Programming COM+[M]．刘谦译．北京：电子工业出版社，2001
[8] Eddon G, Eddon H. Inside COM+ Base Services[M]. 希望图书创作室译．北京：北京希望电子出版社，2000．
[9] [美]Carsten Thomsen. Database Programming with Visual Basic. NET[M]. 常晓波译．北京：中国电力出版社，2003
[10] Wallace B. McClure, John J. Croft Ⅳ. Building Highly Scalable Database Applications with. NET[M]. 李万红译。北京：清华大学出版社，2003
[11] Richard Anderson. ASP 3程序员参考手册[M]．张龙卿译．北京：机械工业出版社，2001
[12] Matt J·Crouch. 怎样用ASP和COM进行Web编程[M]．康博创作室译．北京：人民邮电出版社，2001
[13] Paul R. Read, Jr. Developing Applications With Visual Basic and UML[M]．李博，崔慧敏译．北京：清华大学出版社，2002
[14] Mary Kirtland. Designing Component-based Applications[M].北京
博彦科技发展有限公司译．北京：北京大学出版社，1999
[15] http://www.learnasp.com/learnasp
[16] http://www.msdn.microsoft.com/Xml/general/wsdl.asp
[17] http://www.microsoft.com/sql
[18] http://www.msdn.microsoft.com/net
[19] http://www.UWLchina.com
[20] http://www.microsoft.com/china/msdn/architecture
[21] http://www.msdn.microsoft.com
[22] 王少锋．面向对象技术UML教程[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，2003
[23] 潘爱民．COM原理与应用[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，1999
[24] 余英，梁刚Visual C++实践与提高——COM和COM+篇[M]．北京：中国铁道出版社，2001
[25] 郑人杰．软件工程[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，2000
[26] 萨师煊、王珊，数据库系统概论(第三版)[M]．高等教育出版社，2000
[27] 刘超，张莉．可视化面向对象建模技术[M]．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1999
[28] 精锐创作组编．Visual Basic. NET与动态网页技术整合应用[M]．北京：人民邮电出版社．
[29] 邵维忠，扬芙清．面向对象的系统设计[M]．清华大学出版社，广西科学技术出版社，1998
[30] 宛延闿，定海．面向对象分析和设计[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，2000
[31] 吴丽贤，和力，李丽．基于组件的网上教务管理系统[J]．计算机与现代化，2003 NO．1
[32] 李丽，田敬军，梁娟．构建基于XML的Web分布式体系结构[J]．现代电子技术．2004 NO．2
[33] 马良荔，舒畅．基于三层Client／Server结构的档案信息管理系统设计[J]．海军工程大学学报，2003 N．2
[34] 李晓林，闵华清，张彦铎．基于三层结构的设备管理信息系统开发技术及其实现[J]．计算机应用，2001 NO．8
[35] 王辉，武学东．应用UML高效规划和设计网站[J]．微型机与应用，2002 NO．4
[36] [美]Robert J. Oberg. Understanding&Programming COM+[M]．刘谦，苏建平等译．北京：电子工业出版社，2001
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