基于Web的交通旅游订票系统的设计与实现
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摘要
基于Web的交通旅游售票系统是通过网络查询信息，进行交通票券的预订、购买支付的电子商务系统，其中的交通票券包括机票、船票以及Bus票等。订票在购票交易过程中扮演着十分重要的角色，设计和实现一个完整的基于Web的订票系统能够为旅客提供一个快捷、便利的购票渠道，对促进交通旅游票务事业的发展具有十分重要的意义。
本文深入探讨了WEB应用系统开发过程及其相关技术，结合实际工程项目中售票系统的功能需求和业务流程分析，运用动态网页、数据库、数据结构、网络通信等技术，提出了订票系统解决方案，将整个订票系统分成订购、结账、票券促销、订单查询、票点查询和会员管理共六个功能模块，在此基础上重点解决了系统体系结构、购物篮设计及系统安全三个关键问题。
订票系统的规模较大，涉及的票券种类较多，在实现过程中要求多个子系统并行开发，这对系统体系结构的健壮性、可扩展性有很高的要求。在对C／S和B／S两种开发模式深入分析的基础上，综合运用电子商务开发技术，本文提出了建立基于.NET架构的系统N层分布式体系结构，并将系统的业务逻辑划分为数据实体、实体控制、数据访问、业务规则和业务外观等五个独立的层。在具体的实现过程中，采用Facade和Adapter两种设计模式，为系统建立统一接口类，有效地满足了售票系统的规模需求和将来业务增长的需要。
交通旅游票券的信息结构以及本系统订票流程比较复杂，采用一般数组式结构的购物篮无法满足这一要求。综合运用XML和ADO.NET技术，本文提出了采用对象组合技术设计一种基于数据集(DataSet)的购物篮数据实体模型解决了上述问题。
安全性是设计和实现基于Web技术的售票系统要解决的关键性问题之一，本文对售票系统的安全性作出了深入的探索，基于ASP.NET技术，设计了会员登录的表单认证，以增强系统的安全性。
系统的设计与实现综合运用了ASP.NET，ADO.NET，XML，Web Services等技术，完成了数据库开发、票券信息管理系统设计和网页站点设计等工作。文中提出的许多方案解决了相关工程中的实际问题，为此类系统的开发提供了有效的措施。
The Tourist Traffic Ticket-selling System, based on Web technique, is a kind of E-Commerce system, by which the tourist can query the information of traffic tickets, including the plane ticket, ship ticket, bus ticket etc. and also buy tickets. Ticket-booking plays a key part in the business of buying and selling traffic tickets. It is very important to the development of tour that the Ticket-booking system, based on Web technique, is well designed and implemented. The system can help tourists book ticket expediently and rapidly.
Based on the deep research on the development of the Web application system and related techniques, this paper firstly analyzes the function requirement and business flow of the Ticket-selling system. Then a solution for the Ticket-booking system is brought forward using active web page, database, data structure and network communication technology.The whole system is divided into six function modules:booking, checking, ticket promotion, order query, ticket-site query and member management According to these researches, there are three pivotal questions, system architecture,shopping cart and system's security,need to be solved.
For the huge scale of the system and large amounts of the ticket type, many sub-systems should be developed simultaneously. Consequently, combining the N-Tier architecture, the ticket-booking system is achieved based on .NET framework using E-commerce techniques. To do this, two modules of architecture, C/S and B/S, are deep researched. Then the business logic of the system is divided into five independent layers in order to meet the demand scale and business increase of the system in the future. The five layers are data entity, entity control, data access, business rules and business facade respectively. The common interface class is designed using two patterns, Facade and Adapter. Doing these can insure that the functions of each layer is simple. In fact, it is proved that this kind of architecture does meet the demand scale and business increase of the system.
A simple shopping cart is unable to suit the ticket-booking system which is discussed in this paper, so a special structure of shopping cart, designed using the techniques of Object Composition and DataSet, is brought forward.
The security of the system is also discussed in this paper. And the Forms authentication for member login is designed to enhance the security of the system.
The integrated ticket-booking system, including Database development, MIS of Ticket and website design, is designed and implemented using the techniques of ASP. NET, ADO. NET, XML, Web Services etc. Many solutions occured in this thesis are also available for the development of such kind of system in practice.
本文深入探讨了WEB应用系统开发过程及其相关技术，结合实际工程项目中售票系统的功能需求和业务流程分析，运用动态网页、数据库、数据结构、网络通信等技术，提出了订票系统解决方案，将整个订票系统分成订购、结账、票券促销、订单查询、票点查询和会员管理共六个功能模块，在此基础上重点解决了系统体系结构、购物篮设计及系统安全三个关键问题。
订票系统的规模较大，涉及的票券种类较多，在实现过程中要求多个子系统并行开发，这对系统体系结构的健壮性、可扩展性有很高的要求。在对C／S和B／S两种开发模式深入分析的基础上，综合运用电子商务开发技术，本文提出了建立基于.NET架构的系统N层分布式体系结构，并将系统的业务逻辑划分为数据实体、实体控制、数据访问、业务规则和业务外观等五个独立的层。在具体的实现过程中，采用Facade和Adapter两种设计模式，为系统建立统一接口类，有效地满足了售票系统的规模需求和将来业务增长的需要。
交通旅游票券的信息结构以及本系统订票流程比较复杂，采用一般数组式结构的购物篮无法满足这一要求。综合运用XML和ADO.NET技术，本文提出了采用对象组合技术设计一种基于数据集(DataSet)的购物篮数据实体模型解决了上述问题。
安全性是设计和实现基于Web技术的售票系统要解决的关键性问题之一，本文对售票系统的安全性作出了深入的探索，基于ASP.NET技术，设计了会员登录的表单认证，以增强系统的安全性。
系统的设计与实现综合运用了ASP.NET，ADO.NET，XML，Web Services等技术，完成了数据库开发、票券信息管理系统设计和网页站点设计等工作。文中提出的许多方案解决了相关工程中的实际问题，为此类系统的开发提供了有效的措施。
The Tourist Traffic Ticket-selling System, based on Web technique, is a kind of E-Commerce system, by which the tourist can query the information of traffic tickets, including the plane ticket, ship ticket, bus ticket etc. and also buy tickets. Ticket-booking plays a key part in the business of buying and selling traffic tickets. It is very important to the development of tour that the Ticket-booking system, based on Web technique, is well designed and implemented. The system can help tourists book ticket expediently and rapidly.
Based on the deep research on the development of the Web application system and related techniques, this paper firstly analyzes the function requirement and business flow of the Ticket-selling system. Then a solution for the Ticket-booking system is brought forward using active web page, database, data structure and network communication technology.The whole system is divided into six function modules:booking, checking, ticket promotion, order query, ticket-site query and member management According to these researches, there are three pivotal questions, system architecture,shopping cart and system's security,need to be solved.
For the huge scale of the system and large amounts of the ticket type, many sub-systems should be developed simultaneously. Consequently, combining the N-Tier architecture, the ticket-booking system is achieved based on .NET framework using E-commerce techniques. To do this, two modules of architecture, C/S and B/S, are deep researched. Then the business logic of the system is divided into five independent layers in order to meet the demand scale and business increase of the system in the future. The five layers are data entity, entity control, data access, business rules and business facade respectively. The common interface class is designed using two patterns, Facade and Adapter. Doing these can insure that the functions of each layer is simple. In fact, it is proved that this kind of architecture does meet the demand scale and business increase of the system.
A simple shopping cart is unable to suit the ticket-booking system which is discussed in this paper, so a special structure of shopping cart, designed using the techniques of Object Composition and DataSet, is brought forward.
The security of the system is also discussed in this paper. And the Forms authentication for member login is designed to enhance the security of the system.
The integrated ticket-booking system, including Database development, MIS of Ticket and website design, is designed and implemented using the techniques of ASP. NET, ADO. NET, XML, Web Services etc. Many solutions occured in this thesis are also available for the development of such kind of system in practice.
引文
[1]李琪．电子商务定义研究．计算机世界报．1999年第2期·网络与应用·电子商务
[2]方美琪等．电子商务概论．清华大学出版社．1999-9
[3]汤九斌，张慧明．因特网上的电子商务．电信科学．1999年第3期．pp：6-9
[4]王毅．我国旅游交通发展评述．综合运输．2003-4
[5]崔越．旅游资源信息系统开发架构研究．计算机工程与应用．2002年15期．pp：211-214
[6]湛建辉．旅行社业务管理系统的分析与设计．华南理工大学学报．1998．Vol25，NO．5．pp：158-164
[7]孙有望，李云清．论旅游交通与交通旅游．上海铁道大学学报．1999．Vol20，No．10．pp：65-67
[8]张铎．电子商务与物流．计算机世界报．1999年第44期．PP：D19-23
[9]钱世德等．IBM/Lotus电子商务技术培训从书—电子商务入门．科学出版社．1998-6
[10]周建鹏．电子商务技术．电信科学．1999年第1期．pp：43-46
[11]史峰，谷强．全国铁路客票发售和预订系统．系统工程．Jan．．2002．Vol．20，No．1．pp：65-60
[12]Wakida Y. General introduction of sea treservation system in JR companies MARS(Multi-Access Reservation System)[J]. Tapanese Railway Engineering. 1998. 140:1-3.
[13]郁松，刘强，孙丽君．铁路客票系统的席位管理研究[J]．铁路计算机应用．1998，7(3)：29-31．
[14]史峰，马钧培等．铁路客票计算机计价系统研究[J]．铁道学报．2000．22(3)：1-4．
[15]田宁．铁路客票营销分析系统的研究和设计[J]．上海铁道大学学报．2000．21(12)：70-74．
[16]网上票务预订竞争——乱花渐欲迷人眼．中国经营报．2000，总第1286期
[17]Scott Jarol Marisa Pena著．曲亚东等译．Web设计与开发指南．机械工业出版社．1998
[18]Alberto Mendelzon, George Mihaila, Tova Milo.Querying the World Wide Web.Journel of Digital Librariesl (1) 1997:68-88
[19]Daniela Florescu, Alon Levy and Alberto Mendelzon, D atabase Techniques for the World Wide Web, A Survey, ACM SIGMOD Record, 1998,9:59-74
[20]Scott Mitchell著 何健辉，邓穗红译，ASP设计，中国电力出版社，2001．10
[21]Scot Johnson著．张志工作室 译．Active Server Pages详解．电子工业出版社．1998-8
[22]Hugh E.Williams & David Lane著．谢君英，欧阳宇译．PHP & MySQL Web数据库应用开发指南．中国电力出版社．2003-4
[23]黄理，李积善，曹林有等．用JSP轻松开发Web网站．北京：北京希望电子出版社．2001-1
[24]廖若雪．JSP高级编程．北京：机械工业出版社．2001．3．1
[25]Duthie GA.李万伦，何蕾，赵海译．ASP．NET程序设计．北京：清华大学出版社．2002-7
[26]Basic V．唐树才编著．．NET程序设计与应用．北京：电子工业出版社．2002-7
[27]修乾．基于Web的．NET应用系统开发．计算机工程
[28]Chris Payne著．赵斌，张滨义，董清波译．ASP．NET从入门到精通．人民邮电出版社．2002-01
[29]金雪云，焦桂英等著．ASP．NET高级开发技术与范例．电子工业出版社．2002-07
[30]Chris Knowles,Stephen Mohr.Professional ASP.NET XML with C#．清华大学出版社．2002-12
[31]Sanjeev Rohilla,Senthil Nathan,Surbhi Malhotra著．陈君，王宝良等译．ADO．NET专业项目实例开发．中国水利水电出版社．2003-01
[32]Stanley B.Lippman著．侯捷，陈硕译．C# Primer中文版．华中科技大学出版社．2003-9
[33]James W.Cooper著．张志华，刘云鹏译．C#设计模式．电子工业出版社．2003-08
[34]Erich Gramma,Richard Helm, Ralph JohnSon, John Vlissides. Design Patterns Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software．机械工业出版社．2002-03
[35]罗会涛，王全欣等著．精通Ms SQL Server 7.0．电子工业出版社．1999-09
[36]Jeffrey Richter. Applied Microsoft .NET Framework Programming. Publisher:MS Press. ISBN:0735614229
[37]Rebecca Riorden. Microsoft ADO.NET Step by Step. Publisher: MS Press. ISBN: 0735612366
[38]William Vaughn.ADO.NET and ADO Examples and Best Practices. Publisher: Apress. ISBN:1893115682
[39]王国荣编著．ASP．NET领先研究．北京：中国青年出版社，2001
[40]韦扬，徐凯声．ASP．NET对页面运行效率的研究．交通与计算机．2001．Vol 19．NO．6．pp：7-9
[41]毛德祥，罗荣阁．基于ASP．net技术的Web应用程序三层设计模型．微电子应用．2002．Vol 18．NO．3．PP：26-31
[42]Designing Distributed Applications, MSDN Library For Visual Studio. net, Microsoft Corporation, 2001
[43]ASP. net Web Forms, MSDN Library for Visual Studio. net, Microsoft Corporation, 2001
[44]Douglas E.Comer,Computer Networks And Internets,清华大学出版社，2000
[45]Stephen Walther,Active Server Pages 2.0 Unleashed,北京希望电子出版社，2000
[46]Peter Dyson,Internet Information Server从入门到精通．电子工业出版社．1999
[47]周庆等．基于C/S和B/S模式的远程销售信息管理系统的设计与实现．计算机应用研究．2002．NO．5．PP：97-101
[48]李劲等著．电子商务解决方案．台北：文魁咨询股份有限公司．1999-11
[49]萨师煊，王珊著．数据库系统概论．高等教育出版社．2001-07
[2]方美琪等．电子商务概论．清华大学出版社．1999-9
[3]汤九斌，张慧明．因特网上的电子商务．电信科学．1999年第3期．pp：6-9
[4]王毅．我国旅游交通发展评述．综合运输．2003-4
[5]崔越．旅游资源信息系统开发架构研究．计算机工程与应用．2002年15期．pp：211-214
[6]湛建辉．旅行社业务管理系统的分析与设计．华南理工大学学报．1998．Vol25，NO．5．pp：158-164
[7]孙有望，李云清．论旅游交通与交通旅游．上海铁道大学学报．1999．Vol20，No．10．pp：65-67
[8]张铎．电子商务与物流．计算机世界报．1999年第44期．PP：D19-23
[9]钱世德等．IBM/Lotus电子商务技术培训从书—电子商务入门．科学出版社．1998-6
[10]周建鹏．电子商务技术．电信科学．1999年第1期．pp：43-46
[11]史峰，谷强．全国铁路客票发售和预订系统．系统工程．Jan．．2002．Vol．20，No．1．pp：65-60
[12]Wakida Y. General introduction of sea treservation system in JR companies MARS(Multi-Access Reservation System)[J]. Tapanese Railway Engineering. 1998. 140:1-3.
[13]郁松，刘强，孙丽君．铁路客票系统的席位管理研究[J]．铁路计算机应用．1998，7(3)：29-31．
[14]史峰，马钧培等．铁路客票计算机计价系统研究[J]．铁道学报．2000．22(3)：1-4．
[15]田宁．铁路客票营销分析系统的研究和设计[J]．上海铁道大学学报．2000．21(12)：70-74．
[16]网上票务预订竞争——乱花渐欲迷人眼．中国经营报．2000，总第1286期
[17]Scott Jarol Marisa Pena著．曲亚东等译．Web设计与开发指南．机械工业出版社．1998
[18]Alberto Mendelzon, George Mihaila, Tova Milo.Querying the World Wide Web.Journel of Digital Librariesl (1) 1997:68-88
[19]Daniela Florescu, Alon Levy and Alberto Mendelzon, D atabase Techniques for the World Wide Web, A Survey, ACM SIGMOD Record, 1998,9:59-74
[20]Scott Mitchell著 何健辉，邓穗红译，ASP设计，中国电力出版社，2001．10
[21]Scot Johnson著．张志工作室 译．Active Server Pages详解．电子工业出版社．1998-8
[22]Hugh E.Williams & David Lane著．谢君英，欧阳宇译．PHP & MySQL Web数据库应用开发指南．中国电力出版社．2003-4
[23]黄理，李积善，曹林有等．用JSP轻松开发Web网站．北京：北京希望电子出版社．2001-1
[24]廖若雪．JSP高级编程．北京：机械工业出版社．2001．3．1
[25]Duthie GA.李万伦，何蕾，赵海译．ASP．NET程序设计．北京：清华大学出版社．2002-7
[26]Basic V．唐树才编著．．NET程序设计与应用．北京：电子工业出版社．2002-7
[27]修乾．基于Web的．NET应用系统开发．计算机工程
[28]Chris Payne著．赵斌，张滨义，董清波译．ASP．NET从入门到精通．人民邮电出版社．2002-01
[29]金雪云，焦桂英等著．ASP．NET高级开发技术与范例．电子工业出版社．2002-07
[30]Chris Knowles,Stephen Mohr.Professional ASP.NET XML with C#．清华大学出版社．2002-12
[31]Sanjeev Rohilla,Senthil Nathan,Surbhi Malhotra著．陈君，王宝良等译．ADO．NET专业项目实例开发．中国水利水电出版社．2003-01
[32]Stanley B.Lippman著．侯捷，陈硕译．C# Primer中文版．华中科技大学出版社．2003-9
[33]James W.Cooper著．张志华，刘云鹏译．C#设计模式．电子工业出版社．2003-08
[34]Erich Gramma,Richard Helm, Ralph JohnSon, John Vlissides. Design Patterns Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software．机械工业出版社．2002-03
[35]罗会涛，王全欣等著．精通Ms SQL Server 7.0．电子工业出版社．1999-09
[36]Jeffrey Richter. Applied Microsoft .NET Framework Programming. Publisher:MS Press. ISBN:0735614229
[37]Rebecca Riorden. Microsoft ADO.NET Step by Step. Publisher: MS Press. ISBN: 0735612366
[38]William Vaughn.ADO.NET and ADO Examples and Best Practices. Publisher: Apress. ISBN:1893115682
[39]王国荣编著．ASP．NET领先研究．北京：中国青年出版社，2001
[40]韦扬，徐凯声．ASP．NET对页面运行效率的研究．交通与计算机．2001．Vol 19．NO．6．pp：7-9
[41]毛德祥，罗荣阁．基于ASP．net技术的Web应用程序三层设计模型．微电子应用．2002．Vol 18．NO．3．PP：26-31
[42]Designing Distributed Applications, MSDN Library For Visual Studio. net, Microsoft Corporation, 2001
[43]ASP. net Web Forms, MSDN Library for Visual Studio. net, Microsoft Corporation, 2001
[44]Douglas E.Comer,Computer Networks And Internets,清华大学出版社，2000
[45]Stephen Walther,Active Server Pages 2.0 Unleashed,北京希望电子出版社，2000
[46]Peter Dyson,Internet Information Server从入门到精通．电子工业出版社．1999
[47]周庆等．基于C/S和B/S模式的远程销售信息管理系统的设计与实现．计算机应用研究．2002．NO．5．PP：97-101
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