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闻一多诗歌翻译的美学研究
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摘要
闻一多是中国现代文学史上新格律诗的倡导者,也是白话诗体翻译的先锋。他在诗歌翻译理论和实践上都卓有成就。作为评介性的论文,本文主要介绍闻一多诗歌翻译理论和其翻译实践中的美学趋向。其翻译理论包括:(1)在选择原著方面;(2)翻译的步骤;(3)译者对翻译工作的态度;(4)译者的权力:(5)翻译策略;(6)诗歌应由诗人翻译;(7)译诗的语言应凝练,文字应显豁。然后,通过对闻一多部分诗歌译文的分析,凸现出其译文的美学特征:形式美、音乐美、绘画美、诗的语言、注意炼字。同时,可以看出闻一多的诗歌创作理论——格律诗的“三美”理论(音乐美、绘画美、建筑美)影响了他诗歌翻译的风格。闻一多在诗歌翻译理论方面的建树及其诗歌翻译中显著的艺术特色,对后来的翻译工作者有积极的借鉴作用。
     本文共分五章。第一章绪论部分简单介绍了论文研究的意义、目的及方法;第二章是闻一多生平简介,概述其作为诗人、学者的成长经历;第三章评介其在翻译理论和实践方面的成就;第四章是对其诗歌翻译的美学研究,在这一章里,首先分析介绍了闻一多的创作思想和美学思想来源,以期对其翻译作品有更全面深刻的理解,然后通过归纳及对同一诗歌不同译文的对比,呈现出其诗歌翻译的美学特征;第五章为结论,闻一多的翻译理论及其诗歌翻译实践已为当代翻译研究者所重视,并已进入他们的研究视野。
Wen Yiduo was the advocate of Chinese New Metrical Poems and translating poetry with vernacular Chinese in the early 20th century. As an excellent translator, he has made achievements both in theory and practice.
    This thesis functions as an introduction and a description of Wen Yiduo's translation theory and practice. His translation theory is summarized as follows in the thesis:(1) on selecting the original works; (2) on the steps of translating; (3) on a translator's attitude towards translation; (4) on a translator's power; (5) on the translation strategy; (6) a translator of a poem should be a poet; (7) on the language in poetry. As to his translation practice, the aesthetic features presented in his translation are emphasized in this thesis. The aesthetic features showed in his Chinese version of English poems can be described as: beauty in music, beauty in form, beauty in painting and the poetic language. It is also hoped that this study will enable us to have a crystal picture of the fact that a poet and concurrently a translator's translation will be influenced by his writing style.
    This paper consists of five chapters, beginning with an introduction of the significance, the purpose and the approach of the study. Then, a brief account of Wen Yiduo's life is presented in the second chapter. An introduction to Wen Yiduo's translation achievement is the main content of the third chapter. The fourth chapter is the core of this thesis. Firstly the introduction of his ideas guiding artistic creation is made in this chapter; and secondly the aesthetic tendency showed in his translation is presented through the comparison of different translator's different versions of one
    
    
    poem. Finally, the fifth chapter gives the conclusion: being a pioneer to introduce the English poems into China, Wen Yiduo has made remarkable achievements both in translation theory and practice, and his translation theories and translations of English poetry deserve a place in the Chinese history of verse translation.
引文
take them for reference
    In addition, it is hoped that this thesis be a part of the study on the subject of literary translation.
    The conclusion of the thesis is drawn cautiously, that is, being a pioneer to introduce the English poems into China, Wen Yiduo had made remarkable achievements both in the translation theory and practice, and his translation theories and translations of English poetry should deserve a place in the Chinese history of verse translation.
    1.袁锦翔,闻一多论译诗《翻译通讯》1984.11.陈福康,闻一多论译诗《中国译学理论史稿》(上海外语教育出版社1992),.南治国,闻一多的译诗及译论《中国翻译》2002.2
    2.蓝棣之,《闻一多诗全编》浙江文艺出版社 1995,p.333
    3.黄杲 从柔巴依到坎特伯雷—英语诗汉译研究武汉:湖北教育出版社,1999。P.205
    4. Guo Muoruo's 《鲁拜集》was a Chinese version which was translated from the Fitzgerald's English version of the Persian poems.
    5.闻一多,闻一多全集3 p.369
    6. Ibid, p.37Ibid, p. 157
    7. Ibid, p.370
    9.10.11. Ibid, p.161
    12.傅雷,翻译经验点滴《傅雷艺术随笔》p.48
    13.王康,《闻一多传》p.97
    14. See note 2.p.351
    15.闻一多,给吴景超信《闻一多诗全编》杭州:浙江文艺出版社1995,p.424
    16. Ibid.
    17. See notel 5. p.120
    18. Ibid. p.132
    19.闻一多,贡臣《闻一多诗全编》杭州:浙江文艺出版社1995,p.57
    20.闻一多,诗与批评《闻一多诗全编》杭州:浙江文艺出版社 1995,p.413
    21. A Winter Evening was the first collection of new poetry written by Yu Pingbo and was published in 1922.
    22.闻一多,《闻一多诗全编》杭州:浙江文艺出版社 1995,p.359
    23.闻一多,《冬夜》评论《闻一多诗全编》杭州:浙江文艺出版社 1995,p.361
    
    
    24. Ibid.
    25.闻一多,《女神》之地方色彩《闻一多诗全编》杭州:浙江文艺出版社 1995,p.410
    26.闻一多,文学的历史动向
    27.闻一多,律诗的研究
    28.闻一多,《闻一多全集》武汉:湖北人民出版社 p.298
    29.闻一多,《闻一多全集》武汉:湖北人民出版社 p.305
    30.闻一多,《闻一多诗全编》杭州:浙江文艺出版社 p.338
    31. Ibid. p.346
    32.胡适,《尝试集》北京:人民文学出版社 2001,p.94
    33.梁启超,《新中国未来记》节选(1903)罗新璋《翻译论集》北京:商务印书馆 1984,p.133
    34. Ibid.
    35. Ibid.
    36.马君武,哀希腊歌《中国近代文学大系·翻译文学集三》上海:上海书店出版 1991,p.135
    37.苏曼殊,哀希腊 姜静楠 编著《苏曼殊评传·作品选》北京:中国文史出版社 1998,p.72
    38.郑逸梅《南社丛谈》引自 朱徽 20世纪处英诗在中国的传播与影响《外国语》1996年第三期
    39. See note 32 p.94
    40. See notes 32 p.95
    41. See note 28. p.300
    42.查良铮 译 哀希腊《拜伦诗选》上海:上海译文出版社,1981 p.171卞之琳 译 拜伦 袁可嘉 主编《外国名诗选》北京:中国青年出版社,1997 p.902
    43.吴伟仁编《英国文学史及选读》外研社 1988
    44. Ibid.
    
    
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