基于仿真技术综采工作面虚拟现实系统的研究与初步体验
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摘要
基于仿真技术综采工作面虚拟现实系统的研究是虚拟现实技术在煤矿运用的一个探索性课题。由于煤矿工程背景复杂、事故频繁，新型设备及技术不断引入，煤矿生产既要求安全高效，又要实现自动化，而虚拟现实技术又能适合这种情况的人员培训和操作，因此，探讨在煤矿中如何应用该技术具有重大的意义。这种技术既可以实时、逼真地向工程技术人员提供有关维护复杂装置所需的信息，借以减少失误，提高效率和准确性，又可使工程人员通过虚拟环境对在危险或远程环境下作业的工程机械装置进行实时操作，从而避免因机器智能不足而引起的操作失误。
本文运用面向对象编程思想，在开放性、扩展性、重用性等原则的基础上，结合目前虚拟现实系统运用的纹理映射、图形简化、基于LOD、实例等先进技术，对系统进行了总体设计，
太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文
并对虚拟环境建模、系统实现原理、交互控制及综采工作面风
流参数可供可视化调节等进行了详细的分析与讨论。
该系统硬件为普通台式机，软件利用面向对象编程语言
visualc++ 6.0及三维图形标准库openGL，建立了基于仿真技
术综采工作面虚拟现实系统，该系统运行平稳，使虚拟现实技
术在煤矿中的应用又上了一个台阶。
Research and first experience of Virtual Reality system for fully-mechanized mining face based on simulation is an exploratory subject for virtual reality technique applied in coal mine. In coal mine, because the project background is complicated and accidents occurred frequently. Furthermore, the new equipment and technique is gradually introduced. However, it is demanded that mining production is safe, highly effective and roboticized. In the instance, appearance of virtual reality especially is suitable for workers' training and operation in the environment. Therefore, applying the technique in the coal mine has important significance. It can
real-timely and realistically provide information of complicated mechanism maintenance for workers. With the result that mistake is reduced and efficiency of maintenance and veracity is heightened. In order to avoiding misplay in operation to machine for lacking aptitude, Workers could real-timely operate mechanism in danger and remote condition through virtual environment.
On the base of openness, extensibility and reusability in software, virtual reality system for fully-mechanized mining face is totally designed, applied the object oriented programming method. Used advanced techniques in the system, such as texture mapping, graphical simplification, LOD and instances technique, virtual environment modeling, system implementation principle, interactive control and controllable and visual modulation of air flow parameters of fully-mechanized mining face are detailedly analyzed and discussed.
Virtual reality system for fully-mechanized mining face based on simulation is designed. Common computer is used in hardware, object oriented programming language Visual C++ 6.0 and 3D graphics standard library OpenGL is used for software. The
operation of the system is smooth and reliable. It makes applying of virtual reality in coal mine going a step further.
本文运用面向对象编程思想，在开放性、扩展性、重用性等原则的基础上，结合目前虚拟现实系统运用的纹理映射、图形简化、基于LOD、实例等先进技术，对系统进行了总体设计，
太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文
并对虚拟环境建模、系统实现原理、交互控制及综采工作面风
流参数可供可视化调节等进行了详细的分析与讨论。
该系统硬件为普通台式机，软件利用面向对象编程语言
visualc++ 6.0及三维图形标准库openGL，建立了基于仿真技
术综采工作面虚拟现实系统，该系统运行平稳，使虚拟现实技
术在煤矿中的应用又上了一个台阶。
Research and first experience of Virtual Reality system for fully-mechanized mining face based on simulation is an exploratory subject for virtual reality technique applied in coal mine. In coal mine, because the project background is complicated and accidents occurred frequently. Furthermore, the new equipment and technique is gradually introduced. However, it is demanded that mining production is safe, highly effective and roboticized. In the instance, appearance of virtual reality especially is suitable for workers' training and operation in the environment. Therefore, applying the technique in the coal mine has important significance. It can
real-timely and realistically provide information of complicated mechanism maintenance for workers. With the result that mistake is reduced and efficiency of maintenance and veracity is heightened. In order to avoiding misplay in operation to machine for lacking aptitude, Workers could real-timely operate mechanism in danger and remote condition through virtual environment.
On the base of openness, extensibility and reusability in software, virtual reality system for fully-mechanized mining face is totally designed, applied the object oriented programming method. Used advanced techniques in the system, such as texture mapping, graphical simplification, LOD and instances technique, virtual environment modeling, system implementation principle, interactive control and controllable and visual modulation of air flow parameters of fully-mechanized mining face are detailedly analyzed and discussed.
Virtual reality system for fully-mechanized mining face based on simulation is designed. Common computer is used in hardware, object oriented programming language Visual C++ 6.0 and 3D graphics standard library OpenGL is used for software. The
operation of the system is smooth and reliable. It makes applying of virtual reality in coal mine going a step further.
引文
[1] 吴立新．数字地球、数字中国、数字矿山．矿山测量，2000(1)：6．
[2] 陈鸿章．矿山系统工程的基本方法与信息论的应用．北京：煤炭工业出版社，2000．
[3] 张幼蒂，王玉浚．采矿系统工程及其发展趋势探讨．煤炭学报，1997，22(9)：52-56．
[4] 栾悉道，谢毓湘，吴岭达等．虚拟现实在军事中的新应用．系统仿真学报，2003，15(4)：606-607．
[5] 张续红，苏建明，胡庆夕．虚拟现实技术在城市规划仿真中的应用．计算机仿真，2003，20(7)：75-78．
[6] 高印寒，马增治，李春光等．虚拟现实技术及其在机械工程中的应用．吉林大学学报，2003，33(2)：104-106．
[7] 严钧，刘永健．虚拟现实技术在土木建筑工程中的应用研究．长沙交通学院学报，2003，19(1)：58-62．
[8] Denby B, Schofield D, Walsha T. Virtual reality for the real time visualization of environmental date. 27thAPCOM. London.UK. 1998.
[9] Schofield D, Denby B, Willams M, etc. New applications of computer graphics and virtual reality in the minerals industries, Mine IT. 1st international conference on information technologies in the minerals industry, National Technical University of Athens, Greece, 1997.
[10] Crawshaw SAM, Denby B, McClarnon D. The use of virtual reality to simulate room and pillar operations. Coal international, 1997, 245(1): 20-22.
[11] Bise, C. J."Emerging technology for training of miners." Mining Engineering, 1997, 49(1): 37-41.
[12] Chakraborty, Pallab R. Bise, Christopher J. Virtual reality based model for task-training of equipment operators in the mining industry. Mineral Resources Engineering. 2000. World Sci Publ Co Pte Ltd p 437-449.
[13] Squelch, A. P. virtual reality on mine safety in South Africa. Journal of The South Africa Institute of Mining and Metallurgy v101 n4 2001(7): 209-216.
[14] Li, Qing. Han, Ke-Qi. Shen, Yan-Chun. Research on controllable visualization of mine surface plant and development of virtual environment. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology v31 nl 2002(1): 27-29.
[15] 杨天军．虚拟现实与露天煤矿规划研究．矿业快报，2001(2)：7-9．
[16] 戚宜欣，夏征义，汪箭等．虚拟现实技术在安全工程中的应用．中国安全科学学报，1999(6)：49-53．
[17] 韩可琦，代彬．基于虚拟现实的矿井井下生产系统可控可视化研究．中国矿业，2002，全国第八届矿业系统工程学术会议专刊：50-52．
[18] 陈福，傅贵，李东玉．虚拟现实技术在矿井瓦斯爆炸模拟中的应用．煤炭科学技术，2003，31(3)：33-35．
[19] http://www. chinasafety. ac. cn/html/kydt. htm
[20] 汪成为等．灵境(虚拟现实)技术的理论、现实及应用．北京：清华大学出版，1996．
[21] 鲍虎军．虚拟现实技术概论．中国基础科学·科学前沿，2003，3，26-32．
[22] 曾建超，俞志和．虚拟现实的技术及其应用．北京：清华大学出版
社，1996．
[23] R Anthony. Human-centered computing for NASA Aeronautics and space program[C].Proceeding of the IEA 2000/HFES 2000 congress. 1-244～1-247
[24] 康德合．虚拟制造技术以及在制造业中的应用．精密制造与自动化，2003(1)：9-11．
[25] 张瑞新，任廷祥．虚拟现实技术及其在采矿工程中的应用．中国矿业大学学报，1998(3)：230-234．
[26] 朱景和等．虚拟现实技术在矿业中的应用．有色矿山，2002(3)：42-44．
[27] William JS, Jonathan A Z. William EL. Decimation of triangle meches. Computer Graphics, 1992, 26(2):65-69.
[28] Paul H Charles H. Geometric optimization. Computer Graphics. SIGGPAPH 1994.
[29] Greg T. Re-tiling polygonal surface. Computer Graphics, 1992, 26(2), 55-64.
[30] Hoppe H. Derose T. Duchamp T. etal. Mesh optimization, computer graphics. SIGGPAPH 1994.
[31] 王利生，谈正．三维实体的体几何模型．计算机学报，1999，22(7)：776-778．
[32] Yamashita, Juli. Yamauchi, Yasushi. Mochimaru, Masaaki. Fukui, Yukio. Yokoyama, Kazunori "Real-time 3-D model-based navigation system for endoscopic paranasal sinus surgery" IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering v 46 n 1 Jan 1999 p 107-116.
[33] Dwight Meglan "Make surgical simulation Real" Computer Graphics (ACM) Nov 1996 p37-39.
[2] 陈鸿章．矿山系统工程的基本方法与信息论的应用．北京：煤炭工业出版社，2000．
[3] 张幼蒂，王玉浚．采矿系统工程及其发展趋势探讨．煤炭学报，1997，22(9)：52-56．
[4] 栾悉道，谢毓湘，吴岭达等．虚拟现实在军事中的新应用．系统仿真学报，2003，15(4)：606-607．
[5] 张续红，苏建明，胡庆夕．虚拟现实技术在城市规划仿真中的应用．计算机仿真，2003，20(7)：75-78．
[6] 高印寒，马增治，李春光等．虚拟现实技术及其在机械工程中的应用．吉林大学学报，2003，33(2)：104-106．
[7] 严钧，刘永健．虚拟现实技术在土木建筑工程中的应用研究．长沙交通学院学报，2003，19(1)：58-62．
[8] Denby B, Schofield D, Walsha T. Virtual reality for the real time visualization of environmental date. 27thAPCOM. London.UK. 1998.
[9] Schofield D, Denby B, Willams M, etc. New applications of computer graphics and virtual reality in the minerals industries, Mine IT. 1st international conference on information technologies in the minerals industry, National Technical University of Athens, Greece, 1997.
[10] Crawshaw SAM, Denby B, McClarnon D. The use of virtual reality to simulate room and pillar operations. Coal international, 1997, 245(1): 20-22.
[11] Bise, C. J."Emerging technology for training of miners." Mining Engineering, 1997, 49(1): 37-41.
[12] Chakraborty, Pallab R. Bise, Christopher J. Virtual reality based model for task-training of equipment operators in the mining industry. Mineral Resources Engineering. 2000. World Sci Publ Co Pte Ltd p 437-449.
[13] Squelch, A. P. virtual reality on mine safety in South Africa. Journal of The South Africa Institute of Mining and Metallurgy v101 n4 2001(7): 209-216.
[14] Li, Qing. Han, Ke-Qi. Shen, Yan-Chun. Research on controllable visualization of mine surface plant and development of virtual environment. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology v31 nl 2002(1): 27-29.
[15] 杨天军．虚拟现实与露天煤矿规划研究．矿业快报，2001(2)：7-9．
[16] 戚宜欣，夏征义，汪箭等．虚拟现实技术在安全工程中的应用．中国安全科学学报，1999(6)：49-53．
[17] 韩可琦，代彬．基于虚拟现实的矿井井下生产系统可控可视化研究．中国矿业，2002，全国第八届矿业系统工程学术会议专刊：50-52．
[18] 陈福，傅贵，李东玉．虚拟现实技术在矿井瓦斯爆炸模拟中的应用．煤炭科学技术，2003，31(3)：33-35．
[19] http://www. chinasafety. ac. cn/html/kydt. htm
[20] 汪成为等．灵境(虚拟现实)技术的理论、现实及应用．北京：清华大学出版，1996．
[21] 鲍虎军．虚拟现实技术概论．中国基础科学·科学前沿，2003，3，26-32．
[22] 曾建超，俞志和．虚拟现实的技术及其应用．北京：清华大学出版
社，1996．
[23] R Anthony. Human-centered computing for NASA Aeronautics and space program[C].Proceeding of the IEA 2000/HFES 2000 congress. 1-244～1-247
[24] 康德合．虚拟制造技术以及在制造业中的应用．精密制造与自动化，2003(1)：9-11．
[25] 张瑞新，任廷祥．虚拟现实技术及其在采矿工程中的应用．中国矿业大学学报，1998(3)：230-234．
[26] 朱景和等．虚拟现实技术在矿业中的应用．有色矿山，2002(3)：42-44．
[27] William JS, Jonathan A Z. William EL. Decimation of triangle meches. Computer Graphics, 1992, 26(2):65-69.
[28] Paul H Charles H. Geometric optimization. Computer Graphics. SIGGPAPH 1994.
[29] Greg T. Re-tiling polygonal surface. Computer Graphics, 1992, 26(2), 55-64.
[30] Hoppe H. Derose T. Duchamp T. etal. Mesh optimization, computer graphics. SIGGPAPH 1994.
[31] 王利生，谈正．三维实体的体几何模型．计算机学报，1999，22(7)：776-778．
[32] Yamashita, Juli. Yamauchi, Yasushi. Mochimaru, Masaaki. Fukui, Yukio. Yokoyama, Kazunori "Real-time 3-D model-based navigation system for endoscopic paranasal sinus surgery" IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering v 46 n 1 Jan 1999 p 107-116.
[33] Dwight Meglan "Make surgical simulation Real" Computer Graphics (ACM) Nov 1996 p37-39.
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