美国反倾销法倾销判定制度内在缺陷探究
摘要
本文讨论了美国反倾销法倾销判定制度中的一些内在缺陷。美国反倾销法反对价格歧视和低于成本销售这两种“不公平”贸易行为，从而反对外国政府行为或不同经济制度造成的市场扭曲。其主要手段是征收反倾销税，而判定是否存在倾销时采用五种计算方法。但是美国反倾销法的名义目的和执行方法之间是脱节的，也就是说这五种计算方法都不能很好地反映反对价格歧视和低于成本销售之行为。从而说明了美国反倾销法本身就存在着内在缺陷。
The thesis is about the internal limitations in the Dumping Determination Policy of the United States' Antidumping Law. Targeting at two "unfair" trade practices: price discriminations and below-cost sells, the Antidumping Law is promulgated by the United States to offset other governments' interventions and market distortions caused by flawed economic structures. The main measure is to impose the Antidumping Duty. Altogether five accounting methods are utilized in dumping determination. However, there are great inconsistencies between nominal intentions and actual implementations. That is to say, the five calculating methods cannot reflect above-mentioned unfair trade practices factually, which consequently implies the Antidumping Law itself has the immanent defects.
The thesis is about the internal limitations in the Dumping Determination Policy of the United States' Antidumping Law. Targeting at two "unfair" trade practices: price discriminations and below-cost sells, the Antidumping Law is promulgated by the United States to offset other governments' interventions and market distortions caused by flawed economic structures. The main measure is to impose the Antidumping Duty. Altogether five accounting methods are utilized in dumping determination. However, there are great inconsistencies between nominal intentions and actual implementations. That is to say, the five calculating methods cannot reflect above-mentioned unfair trade practices factually, which consequently implies the Antidumping Law itself has the immanent defects.
引文
陈静，(2002)《案释WTO反倾销协议》对外经济贸易大学出版社
李炼，(1999) 《反倾销：法律与实务》 中国发展出版社
李圣敬，(2001) 《反倾销法律与诉讼代理(修订本)》法律出版社
彭文革徐文芳，(1997) 《倾销与反倾销法论》武汉大学出版社
王雪华，(1999) “中国和美国反倾销法律制度比较研究” 博士学位论文对外经济贸易大学
吴喜梅，(2003)《WTO反倾销立法与各国实践》 郑州大学出版社
张晓东，(2000)《中国反倾销立法比较研究》法律出版社
张新娟，(2003)《反倾销法律的理论与实践》 中国社会科学出版社
中国五矿化工进出口商会 周世俭主编，(2000)《如何应对国外反倾销》中国对外经济贸易出版社
Lindsey, Brink, (1999)"The U.S. Antidumping Law: Rhetoric versus Reality"
Lindsey, Brink, and Daniel J. Ikenson. (2001)"Coming Home to Roost: Proliferating Antidumping Laws and the Growing Threat to U.S."
Leibowitz, Lewis E.. (2001) "Safety Valve or Flash Point? The Worsening Conflict between U.S. Trade Laws and WTO Rules"
Lindsey, Brink, and Dan Ikenson, (2002)"Antidumping 101: The Devilish Details of 'Unfair Trade' Law"
Lindsey, Brink. and Dan Ikenson, (2002) "Reforming the Antidumping Agreement: A Road Map for WTO Negotiations"
Ikenson, Daniel, (2002) "Antidumping: The Unfair, Unfair Trade Law"
Viner, Jacob, (1923) Dumping: A Problem in International Trade
Mastel, Greg, (1998) Antidumping Laws and the U.S. Economy
Porter, Michael, (1980) Competitive Strategy: Technique for Analyzing Industries and Competition
Porter, Michael, (1985) Competitive advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance
Swisher, Kara, (1999) "At Amazon, the CFO sells Investors on the Merits of Losses," Wall Street Journal March 25, 1999
李炼，(1999) 《反倾销：法律与实务》 中国发展出版社
李圣敬，(2001) 《反倾销法律与诉讼代理(修订本)》法律出版社
彭文革徐文芳，(1997) 《倾销与反倾销法论》武汉大学出版社
王雪华，(1999) “中国和美国反倾销法律制度比较研究” 博士学位论文对外经济贸易大学
吴喜梅，(2003)《WTO反倾销立法与各国实践》 郑州大学出版社
张晓东，(2000)《中国反倾销立法比较研究》法律出版社
张新娟，(2003)《反倾销法律的理论与实践》 中国社会科学出版社
中国五矿化工进出口商会 周世俭主编，(2000)《如何应对国外反倾销》中国对外经济贸易出版社
Lindsey, Brink, (1999)"The U.S. Antidumping Law: Rhetoric versus Reality"
Lindsey, Brink, and Daniel J. Ikenson. (2001)"Coming Home to Roost: Proliferating Antidumping Laws and the Growing Threat to U.S."
Leibowitz, Lewis E.. (2001) "Safety Valve or Flash Point? The Worsening Conflict between U.S. Trade Laws and WTO Rules"
Lindsey, Brink, and Dan Ikenson, (2002)"Antidumping 101: The Devilish Details of 'Unfair Trade' Law"
Lindsey, Brink. and Dan Ikenson, (2002) "Reforming the Antidumping Agreement: A Road Map for WTO Negotiations"
Ikenson, Daniel, (2002) "Antidumping: The Unfair, Unfair Trade Law"
Viner, Jacob, (1923) Dumping: A Problem in International Trade
Mastel, Greg, (1998) Antidumping Laws and the U.S. Economy
Porter, Michael, (1980) Competitive Strategy: Technique for Analyzing Industries and Competition
Porter, Michael, (1985) Competitive advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance
Swisher, Kara, (1999) "At Amazon, the CFO sells Investors on the Merits of Losses," Wall Street Journal March 25, 1999
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