基于产业集聚的特色工业园区可持续发展研究
|
摘要
本研究在总结以往产业集聚和社会资本关系研究基础上，探讨了产业集聚机制和企业社会资本拥有程度之问的关系。考察了企业人力资本、金融资本、社会资本和基础资本(技术、渠道、设备、资源等)对资源筹措能力和市场导向观念的影响程度。和课题组的成员一起建立了特色工业园区可持续发展的IMR(创新、市场和资源)模型，并对资源筹措能力和市场导向程度与特色工业园区的可持续发展关系这一部分进行了验证。同时，通过文献阅读、二手资料查询、大量的企业调研、访谈和问卷研究为浙江省特色工业园区的可持续发展提供了一些建议。
研究采用了问卷调研和访谈相结合的方法，访问了13个特色工业园区的管理委员会，获得了园区的整体发展情况和相关数据；并且调研了下属的176家典型企业(由管委会推荐)，研究基本上证实了文章构思和相关假设，主要结论如下：
1．园区的可持续发展支撑因素主要包括三个方面：资源筹措能力、市场导向程度和企业创新能力。
2．企业社会关系网络和社会资本拥有情况对资源筹措能力强弱有显著的正相关性。
3．基于不同集聚的特色工业园区内部企业联系和资源筹措能力有显著性差别，交易关系型园区内部企业之间关联程度较高，资源筹措能力和市场导向程度较强。
4．基于不同集聚的特色工业园区的可持续发展潜力有显著性差别，交易关系型园区可持续发展指标较高。
5．特色工业园区的可持续发展要考虑以下几个问题：
1) 特色产业的选择必须基于强有力的产业集群，园区要有明确的定位；
2) 增强企业相互关联性，提高企业社会资本拥有情况和资源筹措能力；
3) 重视政府的引导作用，理顺管理体制，完善配套服务体系。
The study focused on the relationship of cluster system and social capital on the basis of previous research about cluster system and social capital. We reviewed the connection between company's capital (including human capital, financial capital, social capital and basement capital) and its sourcing ability and customer-oriented. We conceived the model of industry district's (ID) sustainable development, which included three segments: innovation, market and recourse, we called it I-M-R model. Then, we validated some suggestion of the relationship between ID sustainable development and sourcing ability, market-oriented. At the same time, we would provide some suggestions for special ID sustainable development through literature reading, interview and questionnaire survey.
176 firms in 13 industry districts participated in interviews and questionnaire survey. The hypotheses were largely supported. The main results were showed as follows:
1. The industry district's sustaining factor including: sourcing ability, market-oriented and innovation.
2. Social network, social capital had significant effects on sourcing ability.
3. There's a significant different among different types industry district, the "business relationship" type's ID owes more social capital, sourcing ability and market-oriented.
4. There's a significant dissimilarity in sustainable development among different types ID.
5. The strategic of special ID should notice the followed suggestions:
1) Special industry must base on the effective cluster.
2) The network and social capital among firms must be improved, in order to increase the sourcing ability.
3) The government should pay attention the correlative service of ID's development.
研究采用了问卷调研和访谈相结合的方法，访问了13个特色工业园区的管理委员会，获得了园区的整体发展情况和相关数据；并且调研了下属的176家典型企业(由管委会推荐)，研究基本上证实了文章构思和相关假设，主要结论如下：
1．园区的可持续发展支撑因素主要包括三个方面：资源筹措能力、市场导向程度和企业创新能力。
2．企业社会关系网络和社会资本拥有情况对资源筹措能力强弱有显著的正相关性。
3．基于不同集聚的特色工业园区内部企业联系和资源筹措能力有显著性差别，交易关系型园区内部企业之间关联程度较高，资源筹措能力和市场导向程度较强。
4．基于不同集聚的特色工业园区的可持续发展潜力有显著性差别，交易关系型园区可持续发展指标较高。
5．特色工业园区的可持续发展要考虑以下几个问题：
1) 特色产业的选择必须基于强有力的产业集群，园区要有明确的定位；
2) 增强企业相互关联性，提高企业社会资本拥有情况和资源筹措能力；
3) 重视政府的引导作用，理顺管理体制，完善配套服务体系。
The study focused on the relationship of cluster system and social capital on the basis of previous research about cluster system and social capital. We reviewed the connection between company's capital (including human capital, financial capital, social capital and basement capital) and its sourcing ability and customer-oriented. We conceived the model of industry district's (ID) sustainable development, which included three segments: innovation, market and recourse, we called it I-M-R model. Then, we validated some suggestion of the relationship between ID sustainable development and sourcing ability, market-oriented. At the same time, we would provide some suggestions for special ID sustainable development through literature reading, interview and questionnaire survey.
176 firms in 13 industry districts participated in interviews and questionnaire survey. The hypotheses were largely supported. The main results were showed as follows:
1. The industry district's sustaining factor including: sourcing ability, market-oriented and innovation.
2. Social network, social capital had significant effects on sourcing ability.
3. There's a significant different among different types industry district, the "business relationship" type's ID owes more social capital, sourcing ability and market-oriented.
4. There's a significant dissimilarity in sustainable development among different types ID.
5. The strategic of special ID should notice the followed suggestions:
1) Special industry must base on the effective cluster.
2) The network and social capital among firms must be improved, in order to increase the sourcing ability.
3) The government should pay attention the correlative service of ID's development.
引文
[1] Aldrich H, Rosen B & Woodward W (1987), The impact of social capital networks on business foundings andprofit. Frontiers ofentrepreneurship research (154-168).
[2] Baker W (1990), Market networks and corporate behavior. American Journal of Sociology, 96:589-625.
[3] Benson H (1998), What determines success? Examining the human, financial, and social capital of Jamaican micro entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing 13, 371-394
[4] Bourdieu P (1986), The Forms of Social Capital. Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education.
[5] Bourdieu P (1990), The Logic of Practice, Cambridge : Polity Press ; Stanford : Stanford University Press.
[6] Brown T (1999), Theoretical Summary of Social Capital. Working paper, University of Wisconsin.
[7] Brush C & Hisrich R (1991), Antecedent influences on woman-owned business. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 6, 9-16.
[8] Burr R (1992), Structural holes: The social structure of competition. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
[9] Camagni R, Roberta R (1993), Footwear milieus in Italy: A dynamic comparative analysis, Paper presented at the VIGREMI Conference
[10] Chiesa V, Manzini R and Noci G (1999), Towards a sustainable view of the competitive system. Long range planning, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 519 to 530, 1999
[11] Coleman J (1988), Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94: S95-S120.
[12] Coleman J (1990), The Foundations of Social Theory, Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
[13] Davidson P, Benson H (2003), The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing 18 (2003) 301-331
[14] DiMaggio P (1992), Nadel's paradox revisited: relational and cultural aspects of organizational structure. In N.
[15] Eisenhardt K & Schoonhoven C (1996), Resource-based view of strategic alliance formation: strategic and social effects in entrepreneurial firms. Organization
Science, 7(2), 136-150.
[16] Fukuyama, F. (1995). Trust: social virtues and the creation of prosperity. London: Hamish Hamilton.
[17] Gaibisso, A (1992), Structure e Competiticita del Settore Calzaturiero Italians (Milan: v Franco Angeli, 1992)
[18] Golightly C, Huffman D & Byrne D (1972), Liking and longing. Journal of Applied Psychology, 56,521-523.
[19] Graham H, Tony C, David S, John F (1996), Foreign direct investment in Hungary: Resource acquisition and domestic competitive advantage. Journal of International Business Studies. London: Vol. 27, Iss. 4; pg. 683, 27 pgs
[20] Granovetter M (1985), Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology 91.
[21] Granovetter M (1992), Economic institutions as social constructions: A framework for analysis. Acta Sociologica (prior to 2003), 1992, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p3, 9p; (AN 9208172232)
[22] Gundry L & Welsch H (2001), The ambitious entrepreneur: high growth strategies of woman-owned enterprise. Journal of Business Venturing, 16, 453-470.
[23] Hansen E & Allen K(1992), The creation corridor: environmental load and pre-organization information processing ability. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 17(1), 57-65.
[24] Jacobs J (1961), The death and life of great American cities. New York." Random House.
[25] Jianwen L, Harold W(2003), Social capital and entrepreneurial growth aspiration:
[26] Jianwen L, Harold W (2003), A comparison of technology- and non-technology-based nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of High Technology Management Research, 14 (2003) 149-170
[27] Joakim W, Hans L (2000), Financial bootstrapping in small businesses: examining small business managers' resource acquisition behaviors. Journal of Business Venturing 16, 235-254
[28] Johannisson, B. (1986). Networking strategies: management, technology, and change. International Small Business Journal, 5(1), 19-30.
[29] Kohli A, Jaworski B & Kumar A (1993) "MARKOR: a measure of marketing orientation", Journal of Marketing Research, vol.30 (4), pp:467-477.
[30] Kolvereid L (1992), Growth aspiration among Norwegian entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 5,209-222.
[31] Leon A, Marius T, & Frans W (2001) Firm clustering and innovation: Determinants and effects. Regional Science. Papers Reg. Sci. 80, 337-356
[32] Lin N (1999), Building a Network Theory of Social Capital. Connections 22 (1).
[33] Lin N (1986), Conceptualizing Social Support. Social Support, Life Events, and Depression.
[34] Lin N (1992), Social Resources Theory. Encyclopedia of Sociology, Volume 4
[35] Lin Nan, Alfred D & Walter E (1986), Social Support, Life Events and Depression, Orlando, F1 : Academic Press.
[36] Lin Nan & Ensel W(1989), Life Stress and Health : Stressors and Resources. American Sociological Review 54.
[37] Lin N, Ensel W &Vaughn J (1981), Social resources and strength of ties: Structural factors in occupational status attainment. American Sociological Review, 46:393-405
[38] Lin N & Gina L (1995), Urban Stress in China. Social Science and Medicine 41.
[39] Lin N, Dumin M (1986), Access to occupations through social ties. Social Network, 8:365-385
[40] Lin N & M (1999), Social Networks and Mental Health. A Handbook for the Study of Mental Health : Social Contexts, Theories and Systems, Cambridge University Press.
[41] Lin Nan, Simeone R, Ensel W & Kuo W (1979), Social Support, Stressful Life Events and Illness : A Model and anEmpirical Test. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 20.
[42] Loury G (1997), A dynamic theory of racial income differences. In P.A. Wallace & A.M. LaMonde [Eds.], Women, minorities, and employment discrimination: 153-186, Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
[43] Malmberg A, Maskell P (2002), The elusive concept of localization economies: Towards a knowledge-based theory of spatial clustering. Environment and Planning, A 34:429-49.
[44] Marsden P, Hurlbert J (1988), Social resources and mobility outcomes: A replication and extension. Social Forces, 67:1038-1059
[45] Marshall A (1920), Principles of Economics [M] ,Macmillan.
[46] Maskell P, Malmberg A. (1999), Localized learning and industrial competitiveness. Cambridge Journal of Economics 23:167-86.
[47] Moran P, Ghoshal S (1996), Value creation by firm. Academy of Management Best Paper Proceedings: 41-45
[48] Murray A (2000), Live long and prosper: collective action, social capital and social vision. Ecological Economics. 34 (234) 131-144
[49] Nahapiet J, Ghosbal S (1997), Social capital, intellectual capital and the creation of value in firms. Academy of Management Best Paper Proceedings: 35-39.
[50] Nohria & Eccles R, Networks and organizations (pp. 118-142). Boston, MA: Harvard BusinessSchool Press.
[51] Nohria, N. (1992). Information and search in the creation of new business ventures. In N.
[52] Norma M (2002), The competitive foundations of localized learning and innovation: The case of women's garment production in New York City. Economic Geography. Worcester; Oct.
[53] Paul W, Benjamin D, Leonardo C (2002), Assets, activities and income generation in rural Mexico: factoring in social and public capital. Agricultural Economics 27 (2002) 139-156
[54] Penrose E (1959), Theory of the growth of the firm. New York, NY: Wiley.
[55] Porter (1998), Clusters and the New Economic of Competition." Harvard Business Review
[56] Portes A (1998), Social Capital: Its Origins and Applications in Modern Sociology. Annual Review of Sociology 24
[57] Putnam R (1993), The Prosperous Community: Social Capital and Public Life. American Prospect 13:35-42
[58] Putnam R (1995), Turning In, Turning Out: The Strange Disappearance of Social Capital in America. Political Science and Politics December.
[59] Putnam R (1995), Bowling alone: American's declining social capital. Journal of Democracy, 6:65-78
[60] Rastogi P (2003),The nature and role of IC: Rethinking the process of value creation and sustained enterprise growth. Journal of Intellectual Capital. Bradford: 2003. Vol. 4, Iss. 2; pg. 227
[61] Rejean L, Nabil A, Moktar L (2002), Does social capital determine innovation? To what extent? Technological Forecasting & Social Change 69 (2002) 681-701
[62] Robert A, Gideon D(2003), Beyond social capital: the role of entrepreneurs' social
[63] Roberta R (1995), Is there an 'Industrial District Model'? Footwear District in Italy and Mexico Compared. World Development, Vol.23, No. 1, pp.29-41,
[64] Roberts D (1996), Sustainable development and the use of underground space. Tunnelling and Underground space technology, Vol. 11, No.4, pp.383-390, 1996
[65] Roseland M (2000), Sustainable community development: integrating environment, economic, and social objective. Progress in planning. 54 (2000) 73-132.
[66] Scott (1992), Techno polls: High-Technology Industry and Regional Development in South California. Berkeley: UC Press. 1992
[67] Starr J & MacMillan I (1990), Resource cooption via social contracting: resource acquisition strategies for new ventures. Strategic Management Journal, 11, 79-92.
[68] Tsai W, Ghoshal S (1998), Social capital and value creation: The role of intrafirm networks. Academy of Management Journal. Mississippi State: Vol. 41, Iss. 4; pg. 464, 13 pgs
[69] Tyler, T. R., & Kramer, R. M. (1996). Whither trust? In R. M. Kramer, & T. R. Tyler (Eds.), Trust in organizations: frontiers of theory and research (pp. 1-15). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[70] Wenpin T, Sumantra G (1998), Social capital and value creation: The role of intrafirm networks. Mississippi State: Academy of Management Journal. Aug 1998. Vol. 41, Iss. 4; pg. 464, 13 pgs
[71] Yli-Renko H, Autio E, Tontti V (2002), Social capital, knowledge, and the international
[72] 金谷 郑伟钢 《特色工业园区推进城市化和产业升级的载体》 浙江经济 1999年第九期
[73] 宦建新 《“浙江现象”辩证看》 浙江经济2002年第三期
[74] 郭毅，朱熹(2003)，《国外社会资本与管理学研究新进展》，外国经济与管理Vol.25 No.7，Jul.2003
[75] 康胜 关于企业集群本质及其定义的界定 浙江经济2003年第13期
[76] 李军《加强规划协调——促进特色工业园区健康发展》，研究与建议2001年第106期 特色工业园区调研组
[77] 李青等 《政府职能转变过程中的区域经济管理模式》经济管理出版社 2001年，-128-135
[78] 李仁君《产权界定与资源配置：科斯定理的数理表述》南开经济研究，1999年，(1)：17—20．
[79] 李小建，李二玲 《产业集聚发生机制的比较研究》中州学刊．2002，(4)．-5-8
[80] 李兴山 《浙江走的是“民本经济”之路》 浙江经济2002第五期
[81] 刘亭、金谷 《特色工业和特色工业园区的发展》 浙江经济．2000，(9)．-21-22
[82] 刘世锦 《产业集聚及其对经济的意义》浙江经济2003年第13期
[83] 罗卫东，许彬 《浙江现象”的再解秘-加里·贝克尔的视角》 浙江经济2002第十八期
[84] 仇保兴《企业集群化与科技园区发展》，规划师，2002年12期18卷
[85] 仇保兴《入园企业的非集群化：科技园区发展的障碍》
[86] 谭曰文《创办工业园区是发展区域经济的新探索》 经济师 2003年第5期
[87] 王秉安《区域竞争力——理论与实证》 航空工业出版社2000年1月78—90
[88] 王辑慈《创新的空间——企业集群与区域发展》北京大学出版社2001年5月
[89] 庄晋财《企业集群地域根植性的理论演进及政策含义》安徽大学学报(哲学社会科学版)July 2003，Vol.27 No.4
[90] 王永龙 郑胜利 《台商投资从集聚到集群的对策分析》 经济问题．2002，(9)．-49-51
[91] 张国云 《温台经济现象的再思考》 特区经济．2002，(1)．-34-37 浙江经济．2000，(5)．-37-39
[92] 张文宏 《社会资本：理论争辩与经验研究》社会学研究2003年第4期
[93] 赵智敏《园区建设：推进新时期浙江区域特色经济和城市化发展的强大动力》，研究与建议2001第105期 特色工业园区发展调研组
[94] 周学锋、张苗根、梁国平 《集聚、发展、提高——浅析台州市特色工业园区建设》
[2] Baker W (1990), Market networks and corporate behavior. American Journal of Sociology, 96:589-625.
[3] Benson H (1998), What determines success? Examining the human, financial, and social capital of Jamaican micro entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing 13, 371-394
[4] Bourdieu P (1986), The Forms of Social Capital. Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education.
[5] Bourdieu P (1990), The Logic of Practice, Cambridge : Polity Press ; Stanford : Stanford University Press.
[6] Brown T (1999), Theoretical Summary of Social Capital. Working paper, University of Wisconsin.
[7] Brush C & Hisrich R (1991), Antecedent influences on woman-owned business. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 6, 9-16.
[8] Burr R (1992), Structural holes: The social structure of competition. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
[9] Camagni R, Roberta R (1993), Footwear milieus in Italy: A dynamic comparative analysis, Paper presented at the VIGREMI Conference
[10] Chiesa V, Manzini R and Noci G (1999), Towards a sustainable view of the competitive system. Long range planning, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 519 to 530, 1999
[11] Coleman J (1988), Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94: S95-S120.
[12] Coleman J (1990), The Foundations of Social Theory, Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
[13] Davidson P, Benson H (2003), The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing 18 (2003) 301-331
[14] DiMaggio P (1992), Nadel's paradox revisited: relational and cultural aspects of organizational structure. In N.
[15] Eisenhardt K & Schoonhoven C (1996), Resource-based view of strategic alliance formation: strategic and social effects in entrepreneurial firms. Organization
Science, 7(2), 136-150.
[16] Fukuyama, F. (1995). Trust: social virtues and the creation of prosperity. London: Hamish Hamilton.
[17] Gaibisso, A (1992), Structure e Competiticita del Settore Calzaturiero Italians (Milan: v Franco Angeli, 1992)
[18] Golightly C, Huffman D & Byrne D (1972), Liking and longing. Journal of Applied Psychology, 56,521-523.
[19] Graham H, Tony C, David S, John F (1996), Foreign direct investment in Hungary: Resource acquisition and domestic competitive advantage. Journal of International Business Studies. London: Vol. 27, Iss. 4; pg. 683, 27 pgs
[20] Granovetter M (1985), Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology 91.
[21] Granovetter M (1992), Economic institutions as social constructions: A framework for analysis. Acta Sociologica (prior to 2003), 1992, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p3, 9p; (AN 9208172232)
[22] Gundry L & Welsch H (2001), The ambitious entrepreneur: high growth strategies of woman-owned enterprise. Journal of Business Venturing, 16, 453-470.
[23] Hansen E & Allen K(1992), The creation corridor: environmental load and pre-organization information processing ability. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 17(1), 57-65.
[24] Jacobs J (1961), The death and life of great American cities. New York." Random House.
[25] Jianwen L, Harold W(2003), Social capital and entrepreneurial growth aspiration:
[26] Jianwen L, Harold W (2003), A comparison of technology- and non-technology-based nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of High Technology Management Research, 14 (2003) 149-170
[27] Joakim W, Hans L (2000), Financial bootstrapping in small businesses: examining small business managers' resource acquisition behaviors. Journal of Business Venturing 16, 235-254
[28] Johannisson, B. (1986). Networking strategies: management, technology, and change. International Small Business Journal, 5(1), 19-30.
[29] Kohli A, Jaworski B & Kumar A (1993) "MARKOR: a measure of marketing orientation", Journal of Marketing Research, vol.30 (4), pp:467-477.
[30] Kolvereid L (1992), Growth aspiration among Norwegian entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 5,209-222.
[31] Leon A, Marius T, & Frans W (2001) Firm clustering and innovation: Determinants and effects. Regional Science. Papers Reg. Sci. 80, 337-356
[32] Lin N (1999), Building a Network Theory of Social Capital. Connections 22 (1).
[33] Lin N (1986), Conceptualizing Social Support. Social Support, Life Events, and Depression.
[34] Lin N (1992), Social Resources Theory. Encyclopedia of Sociology, Volume 4
[35] Lin Nan, Alfred D & Walter E (1986), Social Support, Life Events and Depression, Orlando, F1 : Academic Press.
[36] Lin Nan & Ensel W(1989), Life Stress and Health : Stressors and Resources. American Sociological Review 54.
[37] Lin N, Ensel W &Vaughn J (1981), Social resources and strength of ties: Structural factors in occupational status attainment. American Sociological Review, 46:393-405
[38] Lin N & Gina L (1995), Urban Stress in China. Social Science and Medicine 41.
[39] Lin N, Dumin M (1986), Access to occupations through social ties. Social Network, 8:365-385
[40] Lin N & M (1999), Social Networks and Mental Health. A Handbook for the Study of Mental Health : Social Contexts, Theories and Systems, Cambridge University Press.
[41] Lin Nan, Simeone R, Ensel W & Kuo W (1979), Social Support, Stressful Life Events and Illness : A Model and anEmpirical Test. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 20.
[42] Loury G (1997), A dynamic theory of racial income differences. In P.A. Wallace & A.M. LaMonde [Eds.], Women, minorities, and employment discrimination: 153-186, Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
[43] Malmberg A, Maskell P (2002), The elusive concept of localization economies: Towards a knowledge-based theory of spatial clustering. Environment and Planning, A 34:429-49.
[44] Marsden P, Hurlbert J (1988), Social resources and mobility outcomes: A replication and extension. Social Forces, 67:1038-1059
[45] Marshall A (1920), Principles of Economics [M] ,Macmillan.
[46] Maskell P, Malmberg A. (1999), Localized learning and industrial competitiveness. Cambridge Journal of Economics 23:167-86.
[47] Moran P, Ghoshal S (1996), Value creation by firm. Academy of Management Best Paper Proceedings: 41-45
[48] Murray A (2000), Live long and prosper: collective action, social capital and social vision. Ecological Economics. 34 (234) 131-144
[49] Nahapiet J, Ghosbal S (1997), Social capital, intellectual capital and the creation of value in firms. Academy of Management Best Paper Proceedings: 35-39.
[50] Nohria & Eccles R, Networks and organizations (pp. 118-142). Boston, MA: Harvard BusinessSchool Press.
[51] Nohria, N. (1992). Information and search in the creation of new business ventures. In N.
[52] Norma M (2002), The competitive foundations of localized learning and innovation: The case of women's garment production in New York City. Economic Geography. Worcester; Oct.
[53] Paul W, Benjamin D, Leonardo C (2002), Assets, activities and income generation in rural Mexico: factoring in social and public capital. Agricultural Economics 27 (2002) 139-156
[54] Penrose E (1959), Theory of the growth of the firm. New York, NY: Wiley.
[55] Porter (1998), Clusters and the New Economic of Competition." Harvard Business Review
[56] Portes A (1998), Social Capital: Its Origins and Applications in Modern Sociology. Annual Review of Sociology 24
[57] Putnam R (1993), The Prosperous Community: Social Capital and Public Life. American Prospect 13:35-42
[58] Putnam R (1995), Turning In, Turning Out: The Strange Disappearance of Social Capital in America. Political Science and Politics December.
[59] Putnam R (1995), Bowling alone: American's declining social capital. Journal of Democracy, 6:65-78
[60] Rastogi P (2003),The nature and role of IC: Rethinking the process of value creation and sustained enterprise growth. Journal of Intellectual Capital. Bradford: 2003. Vol. 4, Iss. 2; pg. 227
[61] Rejean L, Nabil A, Moktar L (2002), Does social capital determine innovation? To what extent? Technological Forecasting & Social Change 69 (2002) 681-701
[62] Robert A, Gideon D(2003), Beyond social capital: the role of entrepreneurs' social
[63] Roberta R (1995), Is there an 'Industrial District Model'? Footwear District in Italy and Mexico Compared. World Development, Vol.23, No. 1, pp.29-41,
[64] Roberts D (1996), Sustainable development and the use of underground space. Tunnelling and Underground space technology, Vol. 11, No.4, pp.383-390, 1996
[65] Roseland M (2000), Sustainable community development: integrating environment, economic, and social objective. Progress in planning. 54 (2000) 73-132.
[66] Scott (1992), Techno polls: High-Technology Industry and Regional Development in South California. Berkeley: UC Press. 1992
[67] Starr J & MacMillan I (1990), Resource cooption via social contracting: resource acquisition strategies for new ventures. Strategic Management Journal, 11, 79-92.
[68] Tsai W, Ghoshal S (1998), Social capital and value creation: The role of intrafirm networks. Academy of Management Journal. Mississippi State: Vol. 41, Iss. 4; pg. 464, 13 pgs
[69] Tyler, T. R., & Kramer, R. M. (1996). Whither trust? In R. M. Kramer, & T. R. Tyler (Eds.), Trust in organizations: frontiers of theory and research (pp. 1-15). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[70] Wenpin T, Sumantra G (1998), Social capital and value creation: The role of intrafirm networks. Mississippi State: Academy of Management Journal. Aug 1998. Vol. 41, Iss. 4; pg. 464, 13 pgs
[71] Yli-Renko H, Autio E, Tontti V (2002), Social capital, knowledge, and the international
[72] 金谷 郑伟钢 《特色工业园区推进城市化和产业升级的载体》 浙江经济 1999年第九期
[73] 宦建新 《“浙江现象”辩证看》 浙江经济2002年第三期
[74] 郭毅，朱熹(2003)，《国外社会资本与管理学研究新进展》，外国经济与管理Vol.25 No.7，Jul.2003
[75] 康胜 关于企业集群本质及其定义的界定 浙江经济2003年第13期
[76] 李军《加强规划协调——促进特色工业园区健康发展》，研究与建议2001年第106期 特色工业园区调研组
[77] 李青等 《政府职能转变过程中的区域经济管理模式》经济管理出版社 2001年，-128-135
[78] 李仁君《产权界定与资源配置：科斯定理的数理表述》南开经济研究，1999年，(1)：17—20．
[79] 李小建，李二玲 《产业集聚发生机制的比较研究》中州学刊．2002，(4)．-5-8
[80] 李兴山 《浙江走的是“民本经济”之路》 浙江经济2002第五期
[81] 刘亭、金谷 《特色工业和特色工业园区的发展》 浙江经济．2000，(9)．-21-22
[82] 刘世锦 《产业集聚及其对经济的意义》浙江经济2003年第13期
[83] 罗卫东，许彬 《浙江现象”的再解秘-加里·贝克尔的视角》 浙江经济2002第十八期
[84] 仇保兴《企业集群化与科技园区发展》，规划师，2002年12期18卷
[85] 仇保兴《入园企业的非集群化：科技园区发展的障碍》
[86] 谭曰文《创办工业园区是发展区域经济的新探索》 经济师 2003年第5期
[87] 王秉安《区域竞争力——理论与实证》 航空工业出版社2000年1月78—90
[88] 王辑慈《创新的空间——企业集群与区域发展》北京大学出版社2001年5月
[89] 庄晋财《企业集群地域根植性的理论演进及政策含义》安徽大学学报(哲学社会科学版)July 2003，Vol.27 No.4
[90] 王永龙 郑胜利 《台商投资从集聚到集群的对策分析》 经济问题．2002，(9)．-49-51
[91] 张国云 《温台经济现象的再思考》 特区经济．2002，(1)．-34-37 浙江经济．2000，(5)．-37-39
[92] 张文宏 《社会资本：理论争辩与经验研究》社会学研究2003年第4期
[93] 赵智敏《园区建设：推进新时期浙江区域特色经济和城市化发展的强大动力》，研究与建议2001第105期 特色工业园区发展调研组
[94] 周学锋、张苗根、梁国平 《集聚、发展、提高——浅析台州市特色工业园区建设》
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |