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居住建筑的传统理念及可持续发展的结合研究
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摘要
本论文分为两大部分。第一部分归纳了早期居住建筑的构筑技术与风格,以及传统建筑形象的变异和进化,即对“符号”造型语言及艺术表现的追求。并且从民族整体文化中寻找理论源泉,以研究中西方传统建筑组群与民宅为核心内容,从个体与群体,外形与内涵,装饰与文化几个方面进行深入阐述。
     第二部分在研究方法上借鉴了国内外有关的居住建筑理论,以居聚建筑的可持续性发展为主线,对各地区成功的设计理念和构思进行了总结。论述的内容主要由文化观、生态观、技术观三大连续性版图相互建构而成,从界定概念、回溯历史、分析现状出发,直至生态住宅体系的提出,内容涵括了节能环保等物质环境的论述,并就设计如何形成满足文化、人本主义等精神环境需求进行了深入的探讨,佐以丰富的实例、精彩的图片,以期整合出可持续发展的居住模式,为城市居住建筑的设计实践与未来世纪的发展提供有益的思路和真实可行的依据。
     本论文由六个章节组成:
     第1章绪论部分提出了人类居聚建筑可持续发展的基本思想和现实居住环境的发展背景;概述了历史居住建筑的文化观念和生态意识;介绍了理论的来源与构架以及研究的方法及意义。
     第2章从传统人居建筑的研究中总结出传统居住文化理念形成的渊源,分别从文化特征、艺术特征、符号特征三方面阐述,内容涉及传统建筑的结构形式、构筑技术和装饰艺术,以期把握传统居住建筑的历史演化过程,从而剖析古代居住建筑的文化及审美观念。
     第3章拟从对中西建筑总体特征的内在根源及文化差异进行分析和比较研究,从而明确居住建筑发生、发展的基本规律,并以中西传统文化的特点和建筑历史的沿革为依据,整合其思维模式,来了解不同地域住居的文化内涵。
     第4章是从建筑文化继承与创新的角度出发,以后现代建筑风格流派的发展为研究对象,并结合从具体建筑实例中归纳设计手法的种类,通过对其
    
    武汉理工大学硕士学位论文
    符号语言特征予以阐述,进而理清其脉络与结构、分析其基本特征,试图从
    后现代建筑对于传统建筑符号语言的沿袭与发展这一全新角度来重新审视现
    代城市居住建筑的成功与不足,以期力求从理论和实例的结合中找出居住建
    筑可持续发展的一般规律。
     第5章阐明了住宅设计的可持续发展性原理就是与自然环境的和谐共
    生,强调利用自然界中可再生能源和循环利用自然资源。本章以生态思想作
    为指导思想探讨传统民居的延续与创新的途径,通过结合地域文化以及国内
    外有代表性的生态住宅的设计实例,来研究民间居住模式的空间结构特点、
    构造体系、风水观念等问题,分析其中蕴涵的设计理念。从中发掘适应自然
    的生态设计方法,并融入现代住宅的设计当中,目的是为了总结和完善住宅
    建筑可持续发展的研究。
     第6章提出住宅建筑可持续发展的设计原理及其技术构成要素,重点论
    述了可持续发展的住宅外部与内部设计,涉及到注重遮阳通风、自然采光的
    技术措施、鼓励采用被动式太阳房设计系统,增强居住空间适应性设计。并
    阐述了适宜技术的发展趋势,以及住宅建筑的智能和节能技术的开发及利用。
This thesis has two parts. Part one mainly generalizes the technology of construction and style of original dwelling architecture, as well as the evolution of configuration of traditional architecture which embodies the semiotic language and art expression. It also takes eastern and western traditional dwelling-house as core of the research, and gives deep account on several aspects such as the single and unit, the outline and implication, the decoration and culture.
    In the second part, a lot of external and internal theories on design of dwelling-house are drawn, especially on successful idea of design and aesthetics. According to investigation of several model folk building, the sustainable development is the thesis's main line. The content consists of three continuous fragments such as cultural concept, ecological view and technological view. In addition, it sets out from definition of conception, retrospection of history to the mention of ecological residence, comprising energy-saving and environmental protection. Finally, we discuss how to satisfy the mental demand of the humanities through abundant examples and pictures, so as to establish dwelling pattern of sustainable development and supply a feasible way for the design practice of city dwelling architecture.
    This thesis is composed of six chapters:
    Chapter one discusses the basic idea of the sustainable development and the background of the inhabitation environment, generalizes the cultural concept and ecological view of dwelling architecture during the history, then introduces the method and sense of the research.
    Chapter two is a study of how the traditional culture comes to being and what the three characters are. Furthermore, the characters are displayed respectively including the depiction of construction and decoration art. The aim of this thesis is to learn the evolution of traditional dwelling architecture and its esthetic conception and cultural conception by analyzing.
    Chapter three is based on the comparison between eastern and western traditional architecture and the analysis of their cultural differences. From the conclusion, we could get the general rule and differently cultural implication of
    
    
    other folk residences.
    Chapter four focuses on the style of post-modernism architecture. And by means of classification of subjects, we may find their success and fault in the design so that we can integrate theory with practice to ensure the realization of the inheritance and innovation.
    Chapter five explains that the ideology of sustainability such as resources preserving has been crucial in housing design. By the study of design practice of several typical works in the domestic or the foreign, the author tries to explore an ecological design method in the traditional building which is fit for nature and combine it with modern housing design method, so as to obtain a design theory of sustainable housing and its essential ecological adaptability.
    Chapter six deals with the constitutional element of technology, focusing on external and internal design of ecological housing. The thesis points out not only such measures as ventilating, solar-energy system and spatial adaptability design, but also the trend of adaptable technology as well as how to exploit and utilize intelligent and energy-saving technology.
引文
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