动态集成的移动电子商务平台的设计与研究
摘要
随着无线通信技术和互联网技术的飞速发展，移动通信业务从以前的语音业务逐渐向数据业务过渡。虽然传统电子商务已经使人们感受到网络所带来的便利和乐趣，但它缺乏可移动性，使用起来并不是很方便。而移动电子商务将弥补传统电子商务的这种缺憾，它以其快捷方便、无所不在的特点，已经成为电子商务发展的新方向，移动电子商务应用的构建已越来越受到业内人士的关注。
然而，由于硬件设备的先天不足和技术不成熟的制约，多种移动通信网络和多种移动终端设备的并存，给构建一个统一的跨网络、跨终端的移动电子商务平台带来了种种困难。当前没有一个较好的移动电子商务应用能够在全国范围内得到广泛应用。因此，设计一个跨网络，支持多种移动终端设备的移动电子商务平台具有十分积极的意义。
针对移动终端的多样性和商务应用的多变性，文章给出了一个跨终端的动态集成的移动电子商务平台解决方案的设计。这一方案综合使用WEB Service技术、PORTAL技术和组件技术构建应用服务器和各种分布式应用，它支持应用的动态集成，具有很好的可扩展性。同时，这一设计方案不仅支持传统的WEB方式的浏览，而且也支持WAP手机、PDA、J2ME手机、BREW手机等多种无线终端设备，是一个跨终端的设计方案。
为了更好的阐述这个跨终端的动态集成的移动电子商务平台解决方案，文章结合移动证券信息系统实例，讲述了该系统的设计思想、具体解决方案设计以及部分子系统的设计与实现。最后，通过对这一系统实际运行性能的分析，找到了WEB服务性能的瓶颈所在，并针对WEB服务模型本身的性能缺陷提出了几个优化方案。
相信这个跨终端的动态集成的移动电子商务平台解决方案以及设计应用实例将为以后移动电子商务应用的构建提供很好的借鉴。
With the fast development of wireless technologies and Internet, the main business of mobile communication is changing from voice business to data business. Though, the traditional e-commerce brings users with the convenience through the Internet, it lacks of mobility that cumbers its spread. Therefore, Mobile-Commerce becomes a new popular area of e-commerce, with which users can access real-time information and conduct business from their cell phones or PDAs.
Nevertheless, because of the deficiency of mobile devices and technologies, the coexistence of multiform wireless networks and multiform wireless devices brings various difficulties for building a unified Mobile-Commerce platform independent of wireless network and wireless devices. Till now, there does not exist a unified mobile commerce application used widely in the whole country. So, it is quite necessary to design a unified mobile-commerce platform that supports various networks and various devices.
To solve the problem of various mobile devices and constant variation of business, a dynamic Mobile-Commerce solution independent of devices is presented. With combination of Web Services and Portal technologies, this solution shows good scalability by supporting dynamic integration of business applications. Meanwhile, this solution not only supports the traditional web access, but also supports various wireless devices such as PDA, WAP phones, J2ME and BREW cell phones.
The Stock Information System is presented as an implementation of mobile commerce based on the solution above. The detailed design of this whole system and the implementations of some sub-systems are clearly clarified here, through which you can understand more about the dynamically integrated solution of mobile commerce. Finally, by analyzing the performance of this specific system, we find the web services' bottlenecks. Two solutions are brought forward to optimize the performance of web services.
It is believed that this dynamically integrated Mobile-Commerce solution independent of wireless network and wireless devices will be of great value for future design of mobile-commerce applications.
然而，由于硬件设备的先天不足和技术不成熟的制约，多种移动通信网络和多种移动终端设备的并存，给构建一个统一的跨网络、跨终端的移动电子商务平台带来了种种困难。当前没有一个较好的移动电子商务应用能够在全国范围内得到广泛应用。因此，设计一个跨网络，支持多种移动终端设备的移动电子商务平台具有十分积极的意义。
针对移动终端的多样性和商务应用的多变性，文章给出了一个跨终端的动态集成的移动电子商务平台解决方案的设计。这一方案综合使用WEB Service技术、PORTAL技术和组件技术构建应用服务器和各种分布式应用，它支持应用的动态集成，具有很好的可扩展性。同时，这一设计方案不仅支持传统的WEB方式的浏览，而且也支持WAP手机、PDA、J2ME手机、BREW手机等多种无线终端设备，是一个跨终端的设计方案。
为了更好的阐述这个跨终端的动态集成的移动电子商务平台解决方案，文章结合移动证券信息系统实例，讲述了该系统的设计思想、具体解决方案设计以及部分子系统的设计与实现。最后，通过对这一系统实际运行性能的分析，找到了WEB服务性能的瓶颈所在，并针对WEB服务模型本身的性能缺陷提出了几个优化方案。
相信这个跨终端的动态集成的移动电子商务平台解决方案以及设计应用实例将为以后移动电子商务应用的构建提供很好的借鉴。
With the fast development of wireless technologies and Internet, the main business of mobile communication is changing from voice business to data business. Though, the traditional e-commerce brings users with the convenience through the Internet, it lacks of mobility that cumbers its spread. Therefore, Mobile-Commerce becomes a new popular area of e-commerce, with which users can access real-time information and conduct business from their cell phones or PDAs.
Nevertheless, because of the deficiency of mobile devices and technologies, the coexistence of multiform wireless networks and multiform wireless devices brings various difficulties for building a unified Mobile-Commerce platform independent of wireless network and wireless devices. Till now, there does not exist a unified mobile commerce application used widely in the whole country. So, it is quite necessary to design a unified mobile-commerce platform that supports various networks and various devices.
To solve the problem of various mobile devices and constant variation of business, a dynamic Mobile-Commerce solution independent of devices is presented. With combination of Web Services and Portal technologies, this solution shows good scalability by supporting dynamic integration of business applications. Meanwhile, this solution not only supports the traditional web access, but also supports various wireless devices such as PDA, WAP phones, J2ME and BREW cell phones.
The Stock Information System is presented as an implementation of mobile commerce based on the solution above. The detailed design of this whole system and the implementations of some sub-systems are clearly clarified here, through which you can understand more about the dynamically integrated solution of mobile commerce. Finally, by analyzing the performance of this specific system, we find the web services' bottlenecks. Two solutions are brought forward to optimize the performance of web services.
It is believed that this dynamically integrated Mobile-Commerce solution independent of wireless network and wireless devices will be of great value for future design of mobile-commerce applications.
引文
[1] Stathis Panis, Neophytos, Morhpis, Elisabeth Felt, Britta Reufenheuser, Andreas Bohm, Janka Nitz, Petri Saarlo, Service Scenarios and Business Models for Mobile Commerce,2002
[2] M.M.Lankhorst,H.van Kranenburg,A.Salden and A.J.H.Peddenmors, Enabling Technology for Personalizing Mobile Services,Proceedings of the Hawai'l International Conference on System Sciences,Janaury 7-10,2002
[3] GARY SHIH and SIMON S.Y.SHIM,A Service Managerment Framework for M-Commerce Applications, Mobile Network and Applications,7,199-212,2002
[4] Stephen J.H. Yang, Jeffrey J.P. Tsai, Irene Chen. "Development of wireless embedded systems using component based software". International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, 2002
[5] Nadia Moertiyoso, Kin Choony Yow. "Designing Wireless Enterprise Applications on Mobile Devices". School of Computer Engineering, NTU, Singapore, 2002
[6] Richter, Secure Mobile Commerce Systems, ECS896 Research Project, November 2001
[7] Mobile Payment Forum White Paper, "Enabling Secure, Interoperable, and User-friendly Mobile Payments", Mobile Payment Forum, December 2002
[8] Aphrodite Tsalgatidou,Jari Veijalainer, Mobile Electronic Commerce:Emerging Issues, Pros of EC-WEB 2000,1~(St) International Conference on E-commerce and Web Technologies. London
[9] Franz Lehner, Richard T. Watson, FROM E-COMMERCE TO M-COMMERCE: RESEARCH DIRECTIONS, February, 2001
[10] Mobile Commerce White Paper, July 2001
[11] John Grundy and Weiguo Jin, An architecture for building multi-device thin-client web user interfaces, Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering, Toronto, Canada, May 29-31 2002,3
[12] Mark secrist developing web services for mobile clients, http://www.hp.com ,2002.4
[13] Alan Brown,Simon Johnston,Kevin Kelly, Using Service-Oriented Architecture and Component-Based Development to Build Web Service Applications,A Rational Software White Paper.2002.1
[14] Ferda Tartanoglu,Valerie Issarny,Alexander Romanovsky, Nicole Levy, Dependability in the Web Service Architecture, Proc. of WADS. 2002.
[15] W3C, 《Web Service Architecture》 , W3C Working Draft 14 November 2002,
http://www.w3.org/TR/ws-arch/
[16] W3C, 《Web Services Glossary》, W3C Working Draft 14 November 2002, http://www.w3.org/TR/ws-gloss/
[17] John Grundy, Weiguo Jink, Experience developing a thin-client,multi-device travel planning application. Proceedings of 2002 New Zealand Conference on Computer-Human Interaction, July 12-13, Hamilton, New Zealand.2002.6
[18] W3C, 《Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 1.2》, W3C Working Draft 9 July 2002, http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-wsd112-20020709/
[19] W3C, 《SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework》, W3C Candidate Recommendation 19 December 2002, http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part1/
[20] W3C, 《SOAP Version 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts》, W3C Candidate Recommendation 19 December 2002, http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part2/
[21] UDDI Executive White Paper，UDDI Technical White Paper，UDDI ORG，UDDI执行白皮书，UDDI技术白皮书，UDDI-China ORG,http://www.uddi-china.org/
[22] (美)Scott Seely，杨涛译，SOAP XML跨平台Web Service开发技术，北京，机械工业出版社，2002．4
[23] 李劲，《动态电子商务的Web服务》，清华出版社，2002年11月
[24] 柴晓路，《动态电子商务流程的Web服务实现》，计算机世界报，2002-9-20
[25] 江红，余青松，顾君忠，基于Web Service的动态电子商务的研究，计算机工程，2003．2第29卷 第2期
[26] Angel Luis Diaz，远程门户网站Web服务http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-wsrp/index.html,2002.1
[27] 徐立群，用Portlet来架构Web服务，http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-pw/index.html,2001.8
[28] 飞思科技产品研发中心，Java Web服务应用开发详解，北京，电子工业出版社，2002．1
[29] Roger Riggs等著，李讯等译．J2ME无线设备编程．机械工业出版社，2002
[30] Sun Microsystems. Mobile Information Device Profile", 2000
[31] Sun Microsystems, "Java 2 Platform Micro Edition (J2ME) Technology for Creating Mobile Devices", 2000
[2] M.M.Lankhorst,H.van Kranenburg,A.Salden and A.J.H.Peddenmors, Enabling Technology for Personalizing Mobile Services,Proceedings of the Hawai'l International Conference on System Sciences,Janaury 7-10,2002
[3] GARY SHIH and SIMON S.Y.SHIM,A Service Managerment Framework for M-Commerce Applications, Mobile Network and Applications,7,199-212,2002
[4] Stephen J.H. Yang, Jeffrey J.P. Tsai, Irene Chen. "Development of wireless embedded systems using component based software". International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, 2002
[5] Nadia Moertiyoso, Kin Choony Yow. "Designing Wireless Enterprise Applications on Mobile Devices". School of Computer Engineering, NTU, Singapore, 2002
[6] Richter, Secure Mobile Commerce Systems, ECS896 Research Project, November 2001
[7] Mobile Payment Forum White Paper, "Enabling Secure, Interoperable, and User-friendly Mobile Payments", Mobile Payment Forum, December 2002
[8] Aphrodite Tsalgatidou,Jari Veijalainer, Mobile Electronic Commerce:Emerging Issues, Pros of EC-WEB 2000,1~(St) International Conference on E-commerce and Web Technologies. London
[9] Franz Lehner, Richard T. Watson, FROM E-COMMERCE TO M-COMMERCE: RESEARCH DIRECTIONS, February, 2001
[10] Mobile Commerce White Paper, July 2001
[11] John Grundy and Weiguo Jin, An architecture for building multi-device thin-client web user interfaces, Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering, Toronto, Canada, May 29-31 2002,3
[12] Mark secrist developing web services for mobile clients, http://www.hp.com ,2002.4
[13] Alan Brown,Simon Johnston,Kevin Kelly, Using Service-Oriented Architecture and Component-Based Development to Build Web Service Applications,A Rational Software White Paper.2002.1
[14] Ferda Tartanoglu,Valerie Issarny,Alexander Romanovsky, Nicole Levy, Dependability in the Web Service Architecture, Proc. of WADS. 2002.
[15] W3C, 《Web Service Architecture》 , W3C Working Draft 14 November 2002,
http://www.w3.org/TR/ws-arch/
[16] W3C, 《Web Services Glossary》, W3C Working Draft 14 November 2002, http://www.w3.org/TR/ws-gloss/
[17] John Grundy, Weiguo Jink, Experience developing a thin-client,multi-device travel planning application. Proceedings of 2002 New Zealand Conference on Computer-Human Interaction, July 12-13, Hamilton, New Zealand.2002.6
[18] W3C, 《Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 1.2》, W3C Working Draft 9 July 2002, http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-wsd112-20020709/
[19] W3C, 《SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework》, W3C Candidate Recommendation 19 December 2002, http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part1/
[20] W3C, 《SOAP Version 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts》, W3C Candidate Recommendation 19 December 2002, http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part2/
[21] UDDI Executive White Paper，UDDI Technical White Paper，UDDI ORG，UDDI执行白皮书，UDDI技术白皮书，UDDI-China ORG,http://www.uddi-china.org/
[22] (美)Scott Seely，杨涛译，SOAP XML跨平台Web Service开发技术，北京，机械工业出版社，2002．4
[23] 李劲，《动态电子商务的Web服务》，清华出版社，2002年11月
[24] 柴晓路，《动态电子商务流程的Web服务实现》，计算机世界报，2002-9-20
[25] 江红，余青松，顾君忠，基于Web Service的动态电子商务的研究，计算机工程，2003．2第29卷 第2期
[26] Angel Luis Diaz，远程门户网站Web服务http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-wsrp/index.html,2002.1
[27] 徐立群，用Portlet来架构Web服务，http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-pw/index.html,2001.8
[28] 飞思科技产品研发中心，Java Web服务应用开发详解，北京，电子工业出版社，2002．1
[29] Roger Riggs等著，李讯等译．J2ME无线设备编程．机械工业出版社，2002
[30] Sun Microsystems. Mobile Information Device Profile", 2000
[31] Sun Microsystems, "Java 2 Platform Micro Edition (J2ME) Technology for Creating Mobile Devices", 2000
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