剪力墙结构抗震非线性有限元分析方法的研究及其应用
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摘要
剪力墙结构的非线性分析方法主要有静力法、动力时程分析法和侧推分析方法(即Push-over分析方法)。本文用微观有限元模型对带竖缝耗能剪力墙和开洞剪力墙的抗震性能进行了分析。本文的主要内容有以下几个方面：
(1)阐述了剪力墙结构非线性有限元分析的基本理论，编制了静力非线性分析的Fortran程序，程序的可靠性通过理论计算与试验结果的对比加以验证，并用该程序分析了带竖缝耗能剪力墙，探讨了耗能剪力墙结构的连梁合理高度问题。
(2)阐述了非线性有限元动力时程分析的基本理论，编制了非线性有限元动力时程分析的程序，对两个十层开洞剪力墙模型进行了分析对比。
(3)对开洞剪力墙进行了Push-over分析，通过与动力时程分析结果的对比，论证了剪力墙结构Push-over分析的可靠性。针对Push-over分析中确定目标位移的复杂性，提出了一种简化分析方法。该简化方法用微观有限元模型代替宏观单元模型，并减少了有限元动力时程分析的计算量。
The nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete shear walls includes static analysis method, time-history analysis method and Push-over analysis method. In this dissertation, the response of reinforced concrete slit shear walls under cyclic loading and reinforced concrete shear walls with large or small opening holes is investigated by using nonlinear finite element analysis method. The main work carried out goes as follows:
(1) The principal theory of nonlinear finite element analysis was expatiated and a computer program was developed with FORTRAN Powerststion. The reliability of the FORTRAN program was proved by comparing computed results with experimental results, besides ,by using this program .the appropriate length of shear connections of slit shear walls was investigated .
(2) The main principle of time-history analysis theory was expounded in the dissertation and a relevant program was developed which is used in analysis of two ten-layer shear walls models with opening hole.
(3) The analysis to the shear walls with opening holes was carried out by using push-over analysis method .By comparing the calculation result of Push-over method with the result of time-history analysis, the reliability of push-over analysis of shear walls was proved. Meanwhile, a simplified method of the roof displacement calculation was presented . By using this analysis method, the quantum can be reduced and the calculation models can be replaced by finite element model.
(1)阐述了剪力墙结构非线性有限元分析的基本理论，编制了静力非线性分析的Fortran程序，程序的可靠性通过理论计算与试验结果的对比加以验证，并用该程序分析了带竖缝耗能剪力墙，探讨了耗能剪力墙结构的连梁合理高度问题。
(2)阐述了非线性有限元动力时程分析的基本理论，编制了非线性有限元动力时程分析的程序，对两个十层开洞剪力墙模型进行了分析对比。
(3)对开洞剪力墙进行了Push-over分析，通过与动力时程分析结果的对比，论证了剪力墙结构Push-over分析的可靠性。针对Push-over分析中确定目标位移的复杂性，提出了一种简化分析方法。该简化方法用微观有限元模型代替宏观单元模型，并减少了有限元动力时程分析的计算量。
The nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete shear walls includes static analysis method, time-history analysis method and Push-over analysis method. In this dissertation, the response of reinforced concrete slit shear walls under cyclic loading and reinforced concrete shear walls with large or small opening holes is investigated by using nonlinear finite element analysis method. The main work carried out goes as follows:
(1) The principal theory of nonlinear finite element analysis was expatiated and a computer program was developed with FORTRAN Powerststion. The reliability of the FORTRAN program was proved by comparing computed results with experimental results, besides ,by using this program .the appropriate length of shear connections of slit shear walls was investigated .
(2) The main principle of time-history analysis theory was expounded in the dissertation and a relevant program was developed which is used in analysis of two ten-layer shear walls models with opening hole.
(3) The analysis to the shear walls with opening holes was carried out by using push-over analysis method .By comparing the calculation result of Push-over method with the result of time-history analysis, the reliability of push-over analysis of shear walls was proved. Meanwhile, a simplified method of the roof displacement calculation was presented . By using this analysis method, the quantum can be reduced and the calculation models can be replaced by finite element model.
引文
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[8] 吕西林、孟良，一种新型抗震耗能剪力墙结构模型的振动台试验研究，世界地震工程 1995(1) 18-23
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[2] 包世华，方鄂华，高层建筑结构设计，清华大学出版社，1990
[3] 沈聚敏，周锡元，高小旺，刘晶波，抗震工程学，中国建筑工业出版社，2000
[4] 李少云，高轴压比剪力墙的延性问题，第十一届全国高层建筑结构学术交流会论文集，1990(5)1397-1408
[5] A.K.H.Kwan, X.L.Lu and Y.K.Cheung, Elastic Analysis of Slitted Shear Walls, International Journal of Structures, 1993, 13(2), 75-92
[6] 武藤清，结构物动力设计，腾加禄等译，中国建筑工业出版社，1984
[7] 吕西林，Y．K．Cheung and A．K．H．Kwan，高层剪力墙结构抗震控制研究，同济大学学报，1994．22(增刊)41-49
[8] 吕西林、孟良，一种新型抗震耗能剪力墙结构模型的振动台试验研究，世界地震工程 1995(1) 18-23
[9] M.Fintrl, Ductile Shear Walls in Earthquake Resistant Multistory Building,Journal of ACI, 1974. 6,74-82
[10] 李国强，沈祖炎，高层建筑抗震设计的发展趋势，建筑结构学报，1992, 4, 1-4
[11] T．Paulay and M．J．N．Priestley戴瑞同等译，钢筋混凝土和砌体结构的抗震设计，中国建筑工业出版社，1999
[12] 吕西林，金国芳，吴晓涵，钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元理论与应用，同济大学出版社，1997
[13] 董哲仁，钢筋混凝土非线性有限元法原理与应用，中国铁道出版社，1993
[14] D.Ngo, Ac.Sordelis, Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beams, Journal of ACI, Vol. 64, 1967.3, 165-174
[15] A. H. Nilson, Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete by the Finite Element Method, Journal of ACI Vol65.1968,9, 455-465
[16] 朱暾、俞富耕、李传才，钢筋混凝土构件有限元分析，工程力学，
Vol．4，No．2，1987．5，25-32
[17] 瞿伟廉，钢筋混凝土墙板非线性分析，土木工程学报，第16卷第2期，1983，35-42
[18] 李锡胤、刘永锈，钢筋混凝土结构的有限单元法非线性分析，土木工程计算机应用文集，科学出版社，1985
[19] 吴晓涵，吕西林，结构负刚度状态下的增量法求解，工程力学，1995(增刊)429-433
[20] 吴晓涵，吕西林，反复荷载下混凝土剪力墙非线性有限元分析，同济大学学报，1996(2)117-123
[21] 吕西林，吴晓涵，抗震耗能剪力墙非线性有限元时程分析，同济大学学报，1996(5)481-486
[22] 李国强，周向明，丁翔，钢筋混凝土剪力墙非线性动力分析模型，世界地震工程，2000(6)，Vol．16，13-18
[23] Faifar R, Fischinger M., Mathematical Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Structural Walls for Nonlinear Seismic Analysis[J], Structural Dynamic, 1990,471-478
[24] Hiraisi H., Kawashima T, Deformation Behavior of Shear Walls after Flexural Yelding Proceedings of 9th WCEE, Tokyo, Kyoto, Vol.8,1988, 653-658
[25] Kabeyasawa, Shioara T. H., Otani S., U.S.-Japan Cooperative Research on R/C Full-Scale Building Test, In: part 5, Discussion on dynamic response system, Process of 8th WCEE, 1984, VOL.6, 627～634
[26] Milev J. I., Two Dimensional Analytical Model of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls, In: Process of 11th WCEE, 1996, Page. 320
[27] Vulcano A, Bertero V. V., Analytical Model for Predicating the Lateral Response of RC Shear Wall, Evaluation of Their Reliability, EERC-87/19
[28] 孙景江，江近仁．框架—剪力墙结构的非线性随机地震反应和可靠度分析．地震工程与工程振动，1992(2)：59～68
[29] Peter Linde, Hugo Bachmann, Dynamic Modeling and Design of Earthquake-Resistant Walls, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1994, 23: 1331～1350
[30] 宋亚新，考虑土—桩—结构相互作用的框剪结构弹塑性地震反应分析，同济大学博士学位论文，1998
[31] Vulcano A, Bertero V., Coiotti V., Analysis Model of R/C Structure Walls,Proc. of 9th WCEE, Tokyo 1988, 41-46
[32] 江见鲸，钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元分析，第一版，西安：陕西科学技术出版社，1994
[33] 江见鲸，关于钢筋混凝土数值分析中的本构关系，力学进展，1994，24(1)117-122
[34] D. Darwin and D. A. Pecknold, Nonlinear Biaxial Stress Strain Law for Concrete, ASCE, Engineering MechanicsDivision, 1977(4), 229-241
[35] R. W. G. Blakeley, R.Park, Prestressed Concrete Sections with Cyclic Flexure, Journal of ASCE, Sep. 1973, 563-575
[36] 朱伯龙、吴明舜、张坤联，在周期荷载作用下钢筋混凝土构件滞回曲线考虑裂面接触效应的研究，同济大学学报，1980年第1期，1-12
[37] L. P. Saenz, Disscussion of Equaion for the Stress-Strain Curve of Concrete by Desayi and Krishman J. Am Concr. Inst., Vol 61, P1229-1235, Sep.1964
[38] 江见鲸，混凝土结构工程学，中国建筑工业出版社，1998
[39] N. Shirai and T. Sato, Inelastic Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Shear Wall Structures, IABSE Colloquium, Delft, IABSE, 1981, 197-210
[40] 过镇海，钢筋混凝土原理，第一版，北京：清华大学出版社，1999
[41] Ottosen N.S, A Failure Criterion for Concrete, ASCE, 1977, 103(EM4),527-535
[42] Hsieh S.S, Ting E. C., Chen W. F., An Elastic—Fracture Model for Concrete,Proceeding of 3rd Engineering Mechanics Division, Special Conference ASCE,Austin 1979, 437-440
[43] 过镇海，王传志，张秀琴等，混凝土的多轴强度试验和破坏准则研究，清华大学抗震抗爆工程研究室，科学研究报告集(第六集)，混凝土力学性能的试验研究，北京：清华大学出版社，1996，1—51
[44] Kupfer H.B., Gerstle K.H.,,Behavior of Concrete Under Biaxial Stresses,Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE, 1973, 99(4)853-866
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