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数字存储示波表的软件设计
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摘要
本文提出了一种智能仪表的软件设计方案,并利用此设计方案实现了数字存储示波表的软件设计。本课题研制的示波表是集数字存储示波器、数字万用表功能为一体能独立工作的手持式仪表,是电子测量领域内一种新型的、通用型仪表。本课题所设计的数字存储示波表填补了国内的一项空白,达到了国外九十年代末期水平。
    本文中数字存储示波表的软件设计以微处理器(单片机W77LE58)为核心,对示波表中各种功能电路进行管理和控制,执行信号采集,数据计算,数据存储,数据通信,显示等任务。这款单片机将CPU、存储器、定时计数器、I/O口以及看门狗集成于一个芯片当中,特别适用于便携式仪表。为了获得最优化、效率最高的程序,为了便于控制程序存储器的空间和程序的执行时间,所以示波表软件采用汇编语言编写。
    本文中示波表软件设计采用模块化的编程方法,模块化编程就是将软件分成相对独立的模块,每个模块的入口参数和出口参数均有准确的定义,完成单一的功能。所以,开始设计时,首先将整个示波表软件任务“从顶向下”进行分解,对分解后确定的软件模块的具体编程采用“自底向上”的方法,从底层的模块编起,在调试通过后,再对上一层的模块进行编程,最后抵达顶层。
A software design method is putted forward that is used of intelligent instrument in this paper. By using this method, it has successfully performed to design the software of the Digital Storage Scopemeter (DSS). The Scopemeter in this project is a handhold instrument, which can work absolutely, it is the new-style universal instrument and it synthesizes the functions of the Digital Storage Oscilloscope, Digital Multimeter. The DSS design in this project is the first one in this field in China, and reaches the international level at the end of 1990s as well.
    The software designed in this project is based on the microprocessor(singlechip W77LE58) that is used of management and control electrocircuit and signal collecting、data calculation、data storage、data communication and signal display. The singlechip itself integrated the CPU, memory, timer, counter, I/O and watchdog electrocircuit is especially applicable to portable instruments. The program which is required to be optimized so it is written by assemble language which can control the configure of the memory and the time of program processing strictly.
    The modularization method applied to this software is to divide the whole task into some small independent modules,and each one's I/O parameter has been clearly defined and separately accomplishes single intention .The whole task applied in this DDS's program is firstly decomposed "from top to bottom" to some certain modules and then the certain modules are programmed from the most smallest part by the "from bottom to top" method, after the completion of debugging the more small parts are programmed,and so on the top parts are in the end.
引文
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