钢结构住宅的技术性研究
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摘要
二十世纪九十年代末期，我国钢铁产量大幅增长，为建筑业用钢提供了充足的原材料储备，一种新型的居住建筑体系——钢结构体系住宅开始在我国得到越来越广泛的重视与开发研究。到目前，对该体系的研究已进入全面启动阶段，一方面各地建筑业积极参与这一新体系的研究和实践，并有了一批钢结构住宅试点和示范的建设经验和科技成果；另一方面，在建设实践中也发现了大量亟待解决的技术性问题。
本论文以钢结构住宅作为研究对象，运用分类和对比的研究方法对该体系进行全面的技术性研究。
本论文首先回顾了国内外钢结构住宅的发展历史，分地区介绍了国外相关体系构成和技术措施，分析总结了国内的研究建设成果，并归纳我国目前实际的工程案例，为其后的分析提供依据，也可以作为相关研究的资料和成果。第三章从国民经济和可持续发展的宏观角度分析探讨了钢结构住宅在我国发展的可行性和必要性。
作为全文重点的第四章，以钢结构住宅的各项技术问题为研究对象，遵循建筑物的逻辑建造程序，逐条、分类地进行技术措施分析和总结。涉及平面空间组成、结构选型、墙体材料及构造节点、保温节能措施、防火防腐以及设备管线排布等几乎设计建造的全流程内容，并首次提出专门针对钢结构住宅各技术层面的有关健康住宅的设计理念和技术要点。
第五章结合前文的技术要点尝试从经济性、功能性、环保性和资源利用等方面搭建出一个关于钢结构住宅综合评价的大框架。文中引用了数个工程实例真实有效的技术参数，力图全面公正地反映钢结构住宅与混凝土结构住宅之间的差异与优劣，并根据评价的结果提出钢结构住宅今后的发展方向。
最后在文章的结语部分，对我国钢结构住宅的研究进行总结和展望，并提出有利于今后推广应用的相应对策。
Since the last 1990's, the output of steel in China raised quickly. That makes it possible to build house with steel. A new style of rseihential building -steel structure residential building, attracted more and more attention in building industry. Nowadays, the study of this structure style has coming to a new stage. On the one hand, local building industry departments participate in the study and project construction positively, and also have some construction experiences and research achievements; On the other hand, a lot of questions which in badly need to be solved have been discovered.
The thesis makes steel structure residential building as the object, study technical questions with analogy and classification method.
Starting with the review of the developing history about steel structure residential building, some correlated systems and technical measure of foreign countries are introduced. Real projects and achievements in China are classified and summed up, which offer arguments for thereafter demonstration as well as accumulates the materials for relevant research. In chapter 3, the feasible and necessary of developing steel structure residential building in China is analyzed from macrostructure such as national economy and sustainable design.
As the main body of this thesis, making technical problems of steel structure residential building as the target, through the logical building construction programs, chapter 4 analyses and summarizes the technical steps one by one. It contains almost the whole substance of building construction, such as material and structure, heat preservation, fireproof, antiseptic and building installation. As a new conception- health house, which is specially aimed at technical study of steel structure residential building, is putted forward in the thesis.
Combined with the technical main point, chapter 5 tastes to build a multiple appraise about the steel structure residential building from the field such as economic, function, environmental protection and using of resources. Some true data are used in this appraise, which can reflect the truth of the differences between steel structure residential building and concrete structure residential building. The development directions are also raised on the basis of the appraise result.
In the end, some suggestions against the developments of steel structure residential building of our country are put forward, accompany with some summaries and expectations for the future study on this area.
本论文以钢结构住宅作为研究对象，运用分类和对比的研究方法对该体系进行全面的技术性研究。
本论文首先回顾了国内外钢结构住宅的发展历史，分地区介绍了国外相关体系构成和技术措施，分析总结了国内的研究建设成果，并归纳我国目前实际的工程案例，为其后的分析提供依据，也可以作为相关研究的资料和成果。第三章从国民经济和可持续发展的宏观角度分析探讨了钢结构住宅在我国发展的可行性和必要性。
作为全文重点的第四章，以钢结构住宅的各项技术问题为研究对象，遵循建筑物的逻辑建造程序，逐条、分类地进行技术措施分析和总结。涉及平面空间组成、结构选型、墙体材料及构造节点、保温节能措施、防火防腐以及设备管线排布等几乎设计建造的全流程内容，并首次提出专门针对钢结构住宅各技术层面的有关健康住宅的设计理念和技术要点。
第五章结合前文的技术要点尝试从经济性、功能性、环保性和资源利用等方面搭建出一个关于钢结构住宅综合评价的大框架。文中引用了数个工程实例真实有效的技术参数，力图全面公正地反映钢结构住宅与混凝土结构住宅之间的差异与优劣，并根据评价的结果提出钢结构住宅今后的发展方向。
最后在文章的结语部分，对我国钢结构住宅的研究进行总结和展望，并提出有利于今后推广应用的相应对策。
Since the last 1990's, the output of steel in China raised quickly. That makes it possible to build house with steel. A new style of rseihential building -steel structure residential building, attracted more and more attention in building industry. Nowadays, the study of this structure style has coming to a new stage. On the one hand, local building industry departments participate in the study and project construction positively, and also have some construction experiences and research achievements; On the other hand, a lot of questions which in badly need to be solved have been discovered.
The thesis makes steel structure residential building as the object, study technical questions with analogy and classification method.
Starting with the review of the developing history about steel structure residential building, some correlated systems and technical measure of foreign countries are introduced. Real projects and achievements in China are classified and summed up, which offer arguments for thereafter demonstration as well as accumulates the materials for relevant research. In chapter 3, the feasible and necessary of developing steel structure residential building in China is analyzed from macrostructure such as national economy and sustainable design.
As the main body of this thesis, making technical problems of steel structure residential building as the target, through the logical building construction programs, chapter 4 analyses and summarizes the technical steps one by one. It contains almost the whole substance of building construction, such as material and structure, heat preservation, fireproof, antiseptic and building installation. As a new conception- health house, which is specially aimed at technical study of steel structure residential building, is putted forward in the thesis.
Combined with the technical main point, chapter 5 tastes to build a multiple appraise about the steel structure residential building from the field such as economic, function, environmental protection and using of resources. Some true data are used in this appraise, which can reflect the truth of the differences between steel structure residential building and concrete structure residential building. The development directions are also raised on the basis of the appraise result.
In the end, some suggestions against the developments of steel structure residential building of our country are put forward, accompany with some summaries and expectations for the future study on this area.
引文
[1] Olivier Boissierer. Twentieth-Century House-Europe. Pierre Terrail Editions Paris. 1998
[2] Modern Life-BIENA Sekisui House Co. 1999
[3] F.Hart W.Henn H.Sontag . Multi-Storey Building in Steel. Granada Publishing 1978
[4] Eric Dubosc. PETITE METHODE DE CONSTRUCTION. Club du Rocher. 1997
[5] めんしん—旭ッポしツヮス干式免震构法. 旭硝子建材株式会社. 2000. 9
[6] The Prescriptive Method for Residential Cold Formed Steel Framing. 2000
[7] Ew.Marchant. Fire and Building. Great Britain. Medical and Technical Publishing Co.Ltd.
[8] 刘先觉 译. 密斯?凡?德?罗. 中国建筑工业出版社. 1992
[9] 吴焕加. 20世纪西方建筑名作—住宅建筑. 河南科技出版社. 1996
[10] 建筑设计的生态策略. 中国计划出版社. 2001.9
[11] 上海钢结构住宅研讨会. 2002.11
[12] 娄述渝 林夏 编译. 法国工业化住宅设计与实践. 中国建筑工业出版社. 1986
[13] 住区. 中国建筑工业出版社. 2001.1
[14] 上海国际钢结构成果展览会暨技术交流会论文. 2002.6
[15] 张鸣 庞全. 集成先进技术，建造新型住宅――天津太平洋村介绍及体会. 建筑学报. 2000.9
[16] 赵明桥 王小凡. 集成建筑--一种工业化住宅建筑体系. 南方建筑. 2001.2
[17] 张唯恭 胡智敏. 台湾钢结构建筑及H型钢之使用. 建筑钢结构进展. 2002.1
[18] 开彦 张文华. 健康住宅—人类居住健康与健康的人居环境. 住宅科技. 2001.11
[19] 张树平 主编. 建筑防火设计. 中国建筑工业出版社. 2001
[20] 国外住宅产业及其发展措施. 建设部科技信息研究所资料. 2001
[21] 加拿大木框架房屋建筑. 加拿大房屋抵押贷款与住房公司. 1998 1
[22] 中国大百科全书. 中国大百科全书出版社. 1988.5
[23] 不列颠百科全书（国际中文版）. 中国大百科全书出版社 . 1999.4
[24] 勒·柯布西耶 著. 陈志华 译. 走向新建筑. 建筑工业出版社. 1998
[25] 高层民用建筑设计防火规范. GB50045-95. 1995
[26] 建筑设计防火规范. GBJ16-87. 2001
[27] 住宅设计规范. 50098-1999. 1999
[28] 民用建筑热工设计规范. GB50176-93. 1987
[29] 王锡钦. 高功能结构用钢板的发展. 建筑钢结构进展. 2002.1
[30] 余洲亮. 金属建筑系统设计与规范. 清华大学出版社. 2001
[31] 柳孝图主编 建筑物理 中国建筑工业出版社 1990
[32] 赵立华 郭骏 许文发 热桥与建筑热负荷 节能建筑论文集 中国建筑工业出版社 1996
[33] 建筑结构构造资料集 中国建筑工业出版社 1990
[34] 刘文贵 住宅功能测评指标体系研究 硕士学位论文 重庆：重庆建筑大学 1999
[35] 谭东. 外围护结构新型建材与构造技术. 硕士学位论文. 上海：同济大学 2000.12
[36] 绿色奥运建筑评估体系（第一稿）. 2003.4
[37] 绿建筑解说与评估手册. （台湾）内政部建筑研究所 2001
[38] 陈福广 主编. 新型墙体材料手册. 中国建材出版社. 2000.1
[2] Modern Life-BIENA Sekisui House Co. 1999
[3] F.Hart W.Henn H.Sontag . Multi-Storey Building in Steel. Granada Publishing 1978
[4] Eric Dubosc. PETITE METHODE DE CONSTRUCTION. Club du Rocher. 1997
[5] めんしん—旭ッポしツヮス干式免震构法. 旭硝子建材株式会社. 2000. 9
[6] The Prescriptive Method for Residential Cold Formed Steel Framing. 2000
[7] Ew.Marchant. Fire and Building. Great Britain. Medical and Technical Publishing Co.Ltd.
[8] 刘先觉 译. 密斯?凡?德?罗. 中国建筑工业出版社. 1992
[9] 吴焕加. 20世纪西方建筑名作—住宅建筑. 河南科技出版社. 1996
[10] 建筑设计的生态策略. 中国计划出版社. 2001.9
[11] 上海钢结构住宅研讨会. 2002.11
[12] 娄述渝 林夏 编译. 法国工业化住宅设计与实践. 中国建筑工业出版社. 1986
[13] 住区. 中国建筑工业出版社. 2001.1
[14] 上海国际钢结构成果展览会暨技术交流会论文. 2002.6
[15] 张鸣 庞全. 集成先进技术，建造新型住宅――天津太平洋村介绍及体会. 建筑学报. 2000.9
[16] 赵明桥 王小凡. 集成建筑--一种工业化住宅建筑体系. 南方建筑. 2001.2
[17] 张唯恭 胡智敏. 台湾钢结构建筑及H型钢之使用. 建筑钢结构进展. 2002.1
[18] 开彦 张文华. 健康住宅—人类居住健康与健康的人居环境. 住宅科技. 2001.11
[19] 张树平 主编. 建筑防火设计. 中国建筑工业出版社. 2001
[20] 国外住宅产业及其发展措施. 建设部科技信息研究所资料. 2001
[21] 加拿大木框架房屋建筑. 加拿大房屋抵押贷款与住房公司. 1998 1
[22] 中国大百科全书. 中国大百科全书出版社. 1988.5
[23] 不列颠百科全书（国际中文版）. 中国大百科全书出版社 . 1999.4
[24] 勒·柯布西耶 著. 陈志华 译. 走向新建筑. 建筑工业出版社. 1998
[25] 高层民用建筑设计防火规范. GB50045-95. 1995
[26] 建筑设计防火规范. GBJ16-87. 2001
[27] 住宅设计规范. 50098-1999. 1999
[28] 民用建筑热工设计规范. GB50176-93. 1987
[29] 王锡钦. 高功能结构用钢板的发展. 建筑钢结构进展. 2002.1
[30] 余洲亮. 金属建筑系统设计与规范. 清华大学出版社. 2001
[31] 柳孝图主编 建筑物理 中国建筑工业出版社 1990
[32] 赵立华 郭骏 许文发 热桥与建筑热负荷 节能建筑论文集 中国建筑工业出版社 1996
[33] 建筑结构构造资料集 中国建筑工业出版社 1990
[34] 刘文贵 住宅功能测评指标体系研究 硕士学位论文 重庆：重庆建筑大学 1999
[35] 谭东. 外围护结构新型建材与构造技术. 硕士学位论文. 上海：同济大学 2000.12
[36] 绿色奥运建筑评估体系（第一稿）. 2003.4
[37] 绿建筑解说与评估手册. （台湾）内政部建筑研究所 2001
[38] 陈福广 主编. 新型墙体材料手册. 中国建材出版社. 2000.1
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