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课程资源信息初探
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摘要
近年来,由于课程理论研究在我国有了极大的发展,以及新一轮基础教育课程改革在中小学实践的强力推进,课程意识成了人们基本的教育意识,课程资源的利用和开发更是引起理论界、行政界、实践界的广泛关注。
     当今时代正是信息化趋势对社会各个领域发生革命性影响的时代。应对信息化时代的变迁趋势,探究信息化对课程资源的深刻影响凸显成为一个基本而紧迫的问题。这个问题的实质就是课程资源信息化,就是要探明在信息化趋势的未来发展中,课程资源的可能表征和形态是什么?课程资源发展的手段和策略是什么?这构成了本文研究的基本问题。
     在圈定研究问题的基础上,本文首先对课程资源、信息化、信息化课程资源、课程资源信息化等几个基本概念做了界定。随后,我们从四个方面深化对课程资源信息化的认识和理论研究。
     首先梳理了国内外对课程资源的相关研究,确认课程资源的基本内涵为“支持学习者学习活动发生、展开,有助于学习生命发展的所有影响因素与必要而直接的实施条件,形式上可以是文本型、实物型、活动型和信息型,基本趋向是信息化”,并进一步描述、认识课程资源的外延。这样就能对课程资源的实质有一个比较清晰的把握。这个实质表明课程资源本身就蕴涵着课程资源信息化的命题。
     其次重点考察信息方式的本质和信息化趋势对社会变革的巨大作用,借助信息方式的框架做了有关课程内容的权力分析,引申出资源型学习方式;同时概述了我国教育信息化进程中所取得的成就。从现实性与必要性来揭示和理解课程资源信息化的社会价值和历史意义。
     再次考察了教育领域内正在发展的学习化课程趋向、建构主义学习论和现代教育技术观等几个相关的重要理论,确认课程资源信息化是一个严肃的理论问题,一方面是有广泛的理论来源和支撑,另一方面是具有重要的教育价值。
     最后揭示课程资源信息化的基本实质是“以计算机和网络等为基础的信息资源、信息技术及其产业在课程资源建设和利用中的作用不断加强的过程。在这个过程中,不断创生的课程资源的一种基本形态是信息化课程资源”;在系统要素分析的基础上,提出课程资源信息化的相关策略。主要对提高教师与学生的信息化素养相和对有关课程资源信息化的标准问题做了一些初步的思考。
     这四个方面的内在逻辑是,通过对社会历史背景、课程资源自身发展趋向和教育领域相关理论等基本范畴的考察,明晰课程资源信息化的基本趋向及其意义,并探讨课程资源信息化的实质与策略。
During the past several years, curriculum consciousness has become one of the most fundamental educational consciousnesses in China, and great attention has been paid to the utilization and the exploration of curriculum resources due to the tremendous development of curriculum studies and reform.
    The trend of informatization has made evolutional influence on every field of the society, which makes the exploration on the informatization of curriculum resources emerging and becoming a basic and pressing issue in the curriculum studies. Scholars try to explore what the possible tokens and forms are and what the means and strategies of developing the curriculum resources are in response to the trend of informatization. To solve the problem clearly, some basic concepts are carefully defined at the very beginning of the paper, including curriculum resource, informatization, informational curriculum resource and informatization of curriculum resource. Then further studies on the informatization of curriculum resources are represented detailed at 4 aspects throughout this paper.
    Firstly, after teasing the related researches on curriculum resources, the paper confirms the connotation of curriculum resource as" all influential factors and necessary conditions that support the launching and processing of learning activities and facilitate the developing of learning lives. It can be classified as text, practicality, activity and information." Further study on the extension of curriculum resource is also conducted in the paper. The main point of this aspect is to illustrate that informatization of curriculum resources is predestined by its essence.
    Secondly, the paper reviews the essence of informational mode and its great impact on the society. To elicit the term of "resource-based learning approach", power analysis of curriculum content is made according to the framework of informational mode. The paper reviews the achievements obtained in the course of the educational informatization in China. The purpose of this aspect is to show the necessity and the practicality of the informatization of curriculum resources.
    Thirdly, the paper reviews several important theories related to the informatization of curriculum resources, such as "trends of curriculum for learning", "learning theory of constructivism", and "theory of modern education technology".
    Finally, the basic substance of curriculum resources informatization is stated as "a process that the function which information resources, information technology and its industries based on the computer and network enhance continuously in the utilization and development of curriculum resources. In this process, informational curriculum resource as a basic type of curriculum resource is created continuously". Relative strategies about the informatization of curriculum resources are also put forward on the basis of factor analysis.
    These four aspects are consistent logically as follow, first of all, social and historical background, trends of curriculum resources and relative educational theories are reviewed and analyzed as the basis of further exploration; then comes the trends and the importance of the informatization of curriculum resources; and lastly, the substance and strategies of informatization of curriculum resources are put forward according to previous discussion.
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    2.K12中国中小学教育教学网 http://www.k12.com.cn/
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