矿山供电安全隔离与消弧系统的设计与研究
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摘要
本论文主要针对我国小煤矿中普遍使用一台变压器既向地面用户供电，同时又向煤矿井下生产系统供电，从而造成事故多发，安全隐患严重且不满足煤矿安全规程“严禁井下配电变压器中性点直接接地，严禁由地面中性点直接接地变压器或发电机直接向井下供电”的要求，研制了“矿井供电安全隔离消弧与保护装置”，可同时满足《煤矿安全规程》和《低压用电安全规程》的要求。该解决方案在满足供电安全的前提下，即使采用一台变压器也可同时向地面、井下供电，在安全保护、隔离消弧和降低触电漏电流方面具有独创优点。同时，论文根据无功电流提取原理，提出了一种测量电容电流的新方法，该方法经理论与实验证实安全、可靠。在测得电容电流的基础上，对系统中谐振电容的投切进行了改造，利用80C196KB单片机控制提取系统的电容电流，并经过算法得出所需并联电容值的大小，利用双向可控硅投切电容，其中，八级电容采用查表组合方式，使原本有级的调节近似于无级调节，从而更完善了本隔离与消弧系统的设计。
经过实践证实，本系统的研制不仅能够良好的解决上述煤矿中利用一台变压器同时向地面和井下供电的安全隐患问题，而且，本系统所采取的方案大大降低了投资费用，为各地方私人矿矿主所乐此不疲，创造了极好的经济效益。系统中电容电流的自动补偿部分的设计，更增加了系统运行的实时性和可靠性，提高了自动化程度。
In this paper, we aim at using one transformer supplying power not only to the user on the ground, but also to the well of colliery in our country. It is easy to cause many more accidents, and the instances with serious safe hidden trouble which do not satisfy The Regulation of Coal Mine's Safety that "strictly prohibit the neutral point of transformer in the well directly earth to ground; and strictly prohibit the transformer on earth whose neutral point directly earth to ground supplying power to the well straightly". According to this instance, we develop a kind of equipment, named Safely Power Supply With Isolation and Arc Eliminating System in Mine. The equipment fulfill The Regulation of Coal Mine's Safety and The Regulation of Safely Using Power in Low Voltage at the same time. And the settling project can using only one transform to supplying power to the ground and well, and satisfy the request of safely supplying power at the same time. And, According to the theory of picking-up the reactive curren
t, advanced a new method of measuring the capacitive current. By the ways of theory and experimentation, it is validated that the method is secure. On the basis of measuring the capacitive current, the paper rebuild the method of divide the syntonic capacitance in the system. We using single-chip computer 80C 196KB to control pick-up the capacitive current, and calculate the value of capacitance, and divide the capacitance by tow-heading SCR. In this system, the 8 rating capacitance fit together by the way of looking up the list, make the primary rating adjust changing to non-rating adjust, so that consummate the system's design.
It is approved by practice that the design of this system can not only solve the problems being mentioned above, but also reduce the investing charge, and create wonderful economic benefit. The design of the capacitive current's automatic
compensate improve the system's real-time ability and dependability, advanced the system's automatization.
经过实践证实，本系统的研制不仅能够良好的解决上述煤矿中利用一台变压器同时向地面和井下供电的安全隐患问题，而且，本系统所采取的方案大大降低了投资费用，为各地方私人矿矿主所乐此不疲，创造了极好的经济效益。系统中电容电流的自动补偿部分的设计，更增加了系统运行的实时性和可靠性，提高了自动化程度。
In this paper, we aim at using one transformer supplying power not only to the user on the ground, but also to the well of colliery in our country. It is easy to cause many more accidents, and the instances with serious safe hidden trouble which do not satisfy The Regulation of Coal Mine's Safety that "strictly prohibit the neutral point of transformer in the well directly earth to ground; and strictly prohibit the transformer on earth whose neutral point directly earth to ground supplying power to the well straightly". According to this instance, we develop a kind of equipment, named Safely Power Supply With Isolation and Arc Eliminating System in Mine. The equipment fulfill The Regulation of Coal Mine's Safety and The Regulation of Safely Using Power in Low Voltage at the same time. And the settling project can using only one transform to supplying power to the ground and well, and satisfy the request of safely supplying power at the same time. And, According to the theory of picking-up the reactive curren
t, advanced a new method of measuring the capacitive current. By the ways of theory and experimentation, it is validated that the method is secure. On the basis of measuring the capacitive current, the paper rebuild the method of divide the syntonic capacitance in the system. We using single-chip computer 80C 196KB to control pick-up the capacitive current, and calculate the value of capacitance, and divide the capacitance by tow-heading SCR. In this system, the 8 rating capacitance fit together by the way of looking up the list, make the primary rating adjust changing to non-rating adjust, so that consummate the system's design.
It is approved by practice that the design of this system can not only solve the problems being mentioned above, but also reduce the investing charge, and create wonderful economic benefit. The design of the capacitive current's automatic
compensate improve the system's real-time ability and dependability, advanced the system's automatization.
引文
[1]胡天禄．矿井电网的漏电保护．北京：北京煤炭工业出版社，1987．12～67
[2]王崇林．中性点接地方式与消弧线圈．中国矿业大学出版社，1999．9～37
[3]低压用电安全规程
[4]国家煤矿安全监察局．煤矿用电安全规程，北京煤炭工业出版社，2001．240
[5]郭玉，等．矿山电工学，北京煤炭工业出版社，1989．42～44
[6]国家技术监督局．隔离变压器技术要求GB13028-91，1991．1
[7]王志宏．煤矿井下用电与安全．中国矿业大学出版社．72～93
[8]要焕年，曹梅月．电力系统谐振接地，北京中国电力出版社
[9]郭玉，等．矿山电工学(采矿工程专业)．煤炭工业出版社，3～7
[10]任慧．煤矿井下低压电网电容电流自动补偿方法的研究，电力系统自动化，1999．2：24～25
[11]刘力，孙结中．一种测量电网电容电流的新方法，电网技术，2001，5：63～65
[12]严克宽，张仲超．电气工程和电力电子技术．化学工业出版社
[13]徐玉琴，等．晶闸管投切电容式消弧线圈的设计与应用研究，电力系统自动化，2001．7：38～41
[14]李京民，等．电网电容电流外加信号测量法，电力系统自动化，2001，5：65～66
[15]李冬辉，邹宝兰．单片机控制的电容电流自动跟踪补偿系统，电力系统自动化，2001．6：56～57
[16]刘炳尧．外加电容法测量电网对地电容的误差分析及外加电容的选择，电力技术，1980，(10)：39～42
[17]王文胜．消弧线圈补偿的探讨与分析，继电器，2001，8：60～61
[18]许颖．电力网中性点接地问题，电网技术，1991(3)
[19]高岩，等．大中型异步电动机定子绕组匝间短路故障的探讨，焦作工学院1998，17(5)
[20]翟生勤，等．用消弧线圈限制单相接地电容电流，煤矿自动化，1999，2：30～32
[21]李光琦，电力系统暂态分析，西安：西安交通大学，北京中国电力出版社
[22]高岩，等．大中型异步电动机定子绕组匝间短路故障的探讨，焦作工学院．1998，17(5)
[23]王仲，等．静态电流电压继电器的设计方案，继电器，1999，27(3)
[24]孙涵芳．Intel 16位单片机．北京航空航天大学出版社，1995．
[25]朱晓强，等．8096／8098单片机原理及应用．复旦大学出版社，1993，5
[26]涂时亮，等．单片微机MCS—96／98实用子程序．复旦大学出版社，1991
[27]Stan Gibilisco(美)著，江剑平译．电子工程师便携手册
[28]王幸之，等．单片机应用系统抗干扰技术．北京航空航天大学出版社2000
[29]薛钧义等编．MCS-51／96系列单片微型计算机及其应用：72～174．西安：西安交通大学出版社，1997
[30]赵建文，傅周兴．10KV系统电容电流测试仪的设计．继电器，2001，9(11)：39～40
[31]O.I. Elgerd. Electric Energy System Theory: An Introduction. McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1982.
[32]I.J. Nagrath, D. P. Kothari. Modern Power System Analysis. McGraw-Hill, 1989.
[33]C.A. Gross. Power System Analysis. John Wiley & Sons,1986.
[34]V. Venikov. Transient Process in Electrical Power Systems. Moscow: Mir Publishens, 1980.
[35]WALTERC. BLOOMQUIST. High—Resistance Grounded Power System—Who Not ? IEEE Trans, IA 1996.
[36]Johnw. Foster. High—Resistance Grounding in the Cement Industry—A User's Experience. IEEE Trans, IA 1986.
[37]J.R. DUNK—JACOBS. The Realty of High—Resistance Grounding. IEEE Trans, IA 1977.
[38]R. Willheim, M. Waters. Neutral Grounding in High—Voltage Transmission. New York. Amsterdam. London. Princeton, 1956.
[39]S. SUGIMOTO, Thyristor Controlled Ground Fault Current Limiting System. IEEE Trans Vol. 11. No. 2 April 1996
[40]Yao Huannian, Cao Meiyue. The Optimization on Operation Characteristic of MV Network. Proceedings of International Conference on Power System Technology. Beijing China. August 18～21,1998
[41]Gemot Druml. Detecting High—Ohmic Earth Faults in Compensated Networks. Hacfely Trench, High Voltage Technology.
[42]B.M. Weedy. Electric Power System. John Wiley & Sons. 1987
[43]W.D. Stevenson. Elements of Power System Analysis. McGraw-Hill Book Co.,1982.
[2]王崇林．中性点接地方式与消弧线圈．中国矿业大学出版社，1999．9～37
[3]低压用电安全规程
[4]国家煤矿安全监察局．煤矿用电安全规程，北京煤炭工业出版社，2001．240
[5]郭玉，等．矿山电工学，北京煤炭工业出版社，1989．42～44
[6]国家技术监督局．隔离变压器技术要求GB13028-91，1991．1
[7]王志宏．煤矿井下用电与安全．中国矿业大学出版社．72～93
[8]要焕年，曹梅月．电力系统谐振接地，北京中国电力出版社
[9]郭玉，等．矿山电工学(采矿工程专业)．煤炭工业出版社，3～7
[10]任慧．煤矿井下低压电网电容电流自动补偿方法的研究，电力系统自动化，1999．2：24～25
[11]刘力，孙结中．一种测量电网电容电流的新方法，电网技术，2001，5：63～65
[12]严克宽，张仲超．电气工程和电力电子技术．化学工业出版社
[13]徐玉琴，等．晶闸管投切电容式消弧线圈的设计与应用研究，电力系统自动化，2001．7：38～41
[14]李京民，等．电网电容电流外加信号测量法，电力系统自动化，2001，5：65～66
[15]李冬辉，邹宝兰．单片机控制的电容电流自动跟踪补偿系统，电力系统自动化，2001．6：56～57
[16]刘炳尧．外加电容法测量电网对地电容的误差分析及外加电容的选择，电力技术，1980，(10)：39～42
[17]王文胜．消弧线圈补偿的探讨与分析，继电器，2001，8：60～61
[18]许颖．电力网中性点接地问题，电网技术，1991(3)
[19]高岩，等．大中型异步电动机定子绕组匝间短路故障的探讨，焦作工学院1998，17(5)
[20]翟生勤，等．用消弧线圈限制单相接地电容电流，煤矿自动化，1999，2：30～32
[21]李光琦，电力系统暂态分析，西安：西安交通大学，北京中国电力出版社
[22]高岩，等．大中型异步电动机定子绕组匝间短路故障的探讨，焦作工学院．1998，17(5)
[23]王仲，等．静态电流电压继电器的设计方案，继电器，1999，27(3)
[24]孙涵芳．Intel 16位单片机．北京航空航天大学出版社，1995．
[25]朱晓强，等．8096／8098单片机原理及应用．复旦大学出版社，1993，5
[26]涂时亮，等．单片微机MCS—96／98实用子程序．复旦大学出版社，1991
[27]Stan Gibilisco(美)著，江剑平译．电子工程师便携手册
[28]王幸之，等．单片机应用系统抗干扰技术．北京航空航天大学出版社2000
[29]薛钧义等编．MCS-51／96系列单片微型计算机及其应用：72～174．西安：西安交通大学出版社，1997
[30]赵建文，傅周兴．10KV系统电容电流测试仪的设计．继电器，2001，9(11)：39～40
[31]O.I. Elgerd. Electric Energy System Theory: An Introduction. McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1982.
[32]I.J. Nagrath, D. P. Kothari. Modern Power System Analysis. McGraw-Hill, 1989.
[33]C.A. Gross. Power System Analysis. John Wiley & Sons,1986.
[34]V. Venikov. Transient Process in Electrical Power Systems. Moscow: Mir Publishens, 1980.
[35]WALTERC. BLOOMQUIST. High—Resistance Grounded Power System—Who Not ? IEEE Trans, IA 1996.
[36]Johnw. Foster. High—Resistance Grounding in the Cement Industry—A User's Experience. IEEE Trans, IA 1986.
[37]J.R. DUNK—JACOBS. The Realty of High—Resistance Grounding. IEEE Trans, IA 1977.
[38]R. Willheim, M. Waters. Neutral Grounding in High—Voltage Transmission. New York. Amsterdam. London. Princeton, 1956.
[39]S. SUGIMOTO, Thyristor Controlled Ground Fault Current Limiting System. IEEE Trans Vol. 11. No. 2 April 1996
[40]Yao Huannian, Cao Meiyue. The Optimization on Operation Characteristic of MV Network. Proceedings of International Conference on Power System Technology. Beijing China. August 18～21,1998
[41]Gemot Druml. Detecting High—Ohmic Earth Faults in Compensated Networks. Hacfely Trench, High Voltage Technology.
[42]B.M. Weedy. Electric Power System. John Wiley & Sons. 1987
[43]W.D. Stevenson. Elements of Power System Analysis. McGraw-Hill Book Co.,1982.
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