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对我国公司推行股票期权的法律探析
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摘要
近年来,对薪酬式股票期权的探索在我国日趋活跃,但是在法律层面上对于股票期权的研究和认识尚不充分,现有法律规定滞后于公司的股票期权实践。这一方面阻碍了股票期权的推行,另一方面使股票期权的实施存在发生纠纷的隐患。为了解决这一问题,本文在剖析股票期权法律关系的基础上,提出了规范股票期权关系的法律框架,评析了典型期权纠纷,并就我国相关立法的完善以及股票期权纠纷的防范和解决提出了建议。全文共分四章:
     第一章分析了股票期权的法律性质、法律特征和相关主体之间的法律关系。股票期权作为一种机制,包含了薪酬及股票买卖两个有内在联系的合同。股票期权具有财产和人身双重性,其授予及行使是有对价的。股票期权关系的主体与公司治理结构相对应,其相互之间的权利义务关系遵循公司法、劳动法及合同法的相关规定。
     第二章探讨了对股票期权关系的法律规范。法律调整股票期权关系的重要目的是为股票期权关系中的弱势群体提供救济,着眼于股票期权运行基础环境的建立及基本秩序的维护。我国的立法部门为规范股票期权作出了一些努力,但正式形成法律规范的为数不多。本文提出了规范股票期权的法律框架,并对完善公司法、劳动法、合同法和证券法的相关规定提出了建议。
     第三章是对股票期权纠纷的法律分析。股票期权诉讼的争议焦点主要有三类,即股票期权计划及其条款的设定,股票期权回收条款的适用以及公司并购对雇员权利的影响。我国首例股票期权纠纷在本质上属劳动争议,但由于立法欠缺,认识不统一,给当事人寻求救济带来了障碍。本文
    
     对我国公司推行股祭洲权的法律探析
    结合现有立法及法理对该案例进行了评析,并就如何避兔股票期权纠纷对
    公司提出了建议。
     第四章对本文的主要结论及建议进行了总结。作者认为:股票期权的
    推行,一方面需要完善公司治理结构,明确相关主体的权利义务,另一方
    面需要一个完整的法律体系对股票期权关系进行规范。要利用国外发生的
    股票期权诉讼给予我们的启示,完善股票期权计划,防范和化解期权纠纷,
    维护相关主体的合法权益。
More and more studies has focused on compensatory stock option in China in recent years, but less attentions deal with the research of related legal problems, and the prevailing laws and legislations lag behind the stock option practice. As a result, the application of stock option is hindered. Furthermore, the possibilities for future disputes are increased. This article presents several suggestions on how to perfect related laws and legislations, and how to prevent and settle stock option disputes on the basis of legal analysis of stock option. This article consists of four parts:
    The first chapter analyzes the nature and elements of stock option. As a motivation mechanism, stock option includes two interrelated contracts: compensation, buying and selling of stocks of the company. Stock option is a propriety that is attached to the specific proprietor. The grant and the exercise of such propriety have considerations. The parties of stock option correspond to the corporate governance; the rights and obligations of each party must conform to company law, employment law and contract law.
    The second chapter studies the laws and legislations of stock option. The major purpose of laws and legislations adjusting stock option is to provide remedies for the weak group. It focuses on building infrastructure and maintaining normal order of the application of stock option. Some efforts have been made by the legislative departments in
    
    
    China to regulate stock option, but these efforts have led to few formal laws and legislations. This article presents not only a legislative framework for regulating stock option, but also some suggestions to improve company law, labor law, contract law and security law in China.
    The third chapter analyzes disputes in stock options. The focus of lawsuits in stock options can be divided into three categories: the setting of stock option plan and related terms and conditions, the application of claw-back provisions and effects of corporation mergers and acquisitions to employees. The first dispute in stock option in China is in nature an employment dispute. Lacking laws and legislations, it caused enormous difficulties for the related party to seek for remedy. This article analyzes this case and presents a few suggestions to avoid litigations.
    The last chapter is a summary of the conclusions and suggestions. In the author's opinion, to facilitate the application of stock option, the corporate governance should be perfected and the rights and obligations of related parties clarified. At the same time, an integrated legal system needs to be set up. We should use the experiences from other countries to improve stock option plans, prevent and settle disputes, and protect the legal rights of related parties.
引文
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