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表面改性纳米Al_2O_3填充PTFE复合材料摩擦学特性的研究
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摘要
PTFE具有优异的自润滑、低摩擦、化学稳定性和热稳定性,但耐磨性较差,因而人们在利用不同种类的填料对PTFE进行填充改性,提高耐磨性方面作了大量研究工作,但在使用纳米无机填料填充改性PTFE方面研究很少,因此本课题主要探讨这一方面的问题。利用MM-200型磨损试验机考察了纳米Al_2O_3含量、载荷和对摩时间对表面处理纳米Al_2O_3填充PTFE复合材料在干摩擦滑动条件下摩擦磨损性能的影响。利用自制销-盘式磨粒磨损试验装置考察了填料含量、磨粒、载荷、转速对试件磨损量的影响情况。同时,为了评价表面处理方法在无机纳米粒子/塑料复合材料中所起的作用,制备了一份具有相同含量但未经表面处理纳米Al_2O_3填充PTFE,在相同工况下进行对比试验研究。采用扫描电子显微镜观察、分析磨损表面形貌,磨屑形状,纳米粒子分布情况及磨损机理。结果表明,在试验工况下,随纳米Al_2O_3含量增加,PTFE复合材料摩擦系数略有增加。纳米Al_2O_3经表面处理后只需较低的填充量(<4%)就可提高PTFE耐磨性3~4倍。表面处理纳米Al_2O_3在PTFE中能较均匀分散,其耐磨性比相同含量但未经表面处理纳米Al_2O_3填充PTFE高一倍,当表面处理纳米Al_2O_3含量为3%时填充PTFE复合材料的磨损量为最小。在磨粒磨损试验中,磨粒粒度与载荷是对磨损量影响较大而速度对磨损量影响较小。导致PTFE磨损的重要机制是犁切和粘着磨损。
PTFE has many excellent properties such as: bonzer self-lubrication^ low fricatiom chemistry stabilization and thermal stabilization, but its wear resistance is very low to improve the wear resistance of PTFE a lot of researches have been down by means of adding fillers to it , there are still less report on nano-inorganic filler filled PTFE composites to change properties .In this paper, experimental study was made to question above problem. The dry sliding wear properties of PTFE composites filled with surface treated and untreated nano-AlaOa were tested on the model MM-200 tester , the effects of filled nano-AbOs content >. load and sliding speed on the wear mass lose were evaluated .At the same time, In order to estimate the role of different surface treatments on nano-inorganic filler and PTFE composites, PTFE composites filled with surface untreated nano-AliOs were prepared as antithesis at the same condition. Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM) was employed to examine the worn surfaces^ shape of wear debris ^ dispersion of nano- A^Os and wear mechanism. The results indicate that the friction coefficient of PTFE composites increase slightly, but wear mass loss decrease significantly and then the wear resistance of PTFE composites filled with surface treated nano- A^Oj in low content(<4%) increased by 3-4 times compared with PTFE. Surface treated of nano- A^Oj could disperse proportionately in PTFE matrix when coupling agent presented the wear resistance of PTFE composites filled with modified nano- A^Os . the wear mass loss of is the smallest . the main factors effecting on the abrasive wear of PTFE composites are abrasive size and load, velocity seems has little relation with the wear behavior of the samples. The main wear mechanism is cutting and adhering.
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