高效预应力高强混凝土桥面空心板试验研究
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摘要
目前，我国土建行业与发达工业国家土建行业的主要差距之一就在于工程应用的混凝土强度等级普遍低下、经济效益差。高强混凝土应用于桥梁结构，能够有效的降低结构自重和结构高度、增大结构刚度和桥梁跨度、增加结构的耐久性。本文针对中小跨桥梁，进行了优化设计与原型试验，主要工作如下：
1．针对高速公路发展需要，采用高强混凝土对现有的空心板截面形式和配筋设计进行优化设计。提出了新型的高效预应力高强混凝土桥面空心板的断面形式和配筋方法，并与常规预应力混凝土桥面空心板进行了对比分析。
2．为了验证通过优化设计选取的采用C80高强混凝土和高均匀延伸率低松弛270级高强钢绞线的预应力空心板梁断面和配筋受力性能，进行了一块16m跨空心板梁的原型试验。
3．对原型试验测试成果进行分析，对试验板的正截面和斜截面受力性能进行了全面论证，特别是通过试验，再次证明高强混凝土材料的脆性可通过在受压区配置一定量的钢筋来调整，采用高均匀延伸率低松弛270级高强钢绞线可有效地提高板的延性，使高效预应力高强混凝土桥面空心板的延性达到甚至超过设计要求。
本文所提出的优化设计方法具有一定的实用意义，为高效预应力高强混凝土桥面空心板在桥梁王程中的应用提供了充分的、可靠的科学研究依据，并为今后这方面进一步的研究提供了经验。
At present, the main difference between China civil engineering industry and that of developed countries is that the strength of the concrete applied in China is lower and not economic. The using of high strength concrete on bridge structure, can effectively lower the structural weight and depth, increase structural rigidity and bridge span, and furthermore, improve the structural durability. Aimed at middle and small span bridge, optimum design and prototype experiment of high strength prestressed concrete hollow beam is done. The main works are as follows:
1. Based on the requirement of highway engineering, the optimum design of hollow beam section and reinforcement that using high strength concrete are done. The section and reinforcement design method of prestressed high strength concrete hollow beam is suggested, and comparison is made with normal prestressed concrete hollow beam.
2. To improve the structural mechanism of prestressed concrete hollow beam that using C80 high strength concrete and high uniform elongation & low relaxation class 270 high strength strand , the experiment of a prototype 16m hollow beam is made.
3. Based on the experiment result, the structural mechanism of secant section and obagonal section of experiment beam is proved. And furthermore , it is proved that the brittleness of the high strength concrete can be improved by adjusting the reinforcement in the compression zone. By using high uniform elongation & low relaxation class 270 high strength strand, the elongation of the beam can be increased significantly ,and fulfill or higher than the Code requirement.
The optimum design method give in this paper is of practical meaning, and give scientific research basis for the application of high strength prestressed concrete hollow beam in the bridge engineering, and give valuable experience for the further research.
1．针对高速公路发展需要，采用高强混凝土对现有的空心板截面形式和配筋设计进行优化设计。提出了新型的高效预应力高强混凝土桥面空心板的断面形式和配筋方法，并与常规预应力混凝土桥面空心板进行了对比分析。
2．为了验证通过优化设计选取的采用C80高强混凝土和高均匀延伸率低松弛270级高强钢绞线的预应力空心板梁断面和配筋受力性能，进行了一块16m跨空心板梁的原型试验。
3．对原型试验测试成果进行分析，对试验板的正截面和斜截面受力性能进行了全面论证，特别是通过试验，再次证明高强混凝土材料的脆性可通过在受压区配置一定量的钢筋来调整，采用高均匀延伸率低松弛270级高强钢绞线可有效地提高板的延性，使高效预应力高强混凝土桥面空心板的延性达到甚至超过设计要求。
本文所提出的优化设计方法具有一定的实用意义，为高效预应力高强混凝土桥面空心板在桥梁王程中的应用提供了充分的、可靠的科学研究依据，并为今后这方面进一步的研究提供了经验。
At present, the main difference between China civil engineering industry and that of developed countries is that the strength of the concrete applied in China is lower and not economic. The using of high strength concrete on bridge structure, can effectively lower the structural weight and depth, increase structural rigidity and bridge span, and furthermore, improve the structural durability. Aimed at middle and small span bridge, optimum design and prototype experiment of high strength prestressed concrete hollow beam is done. The main works are as follows:
1. Based on the requirement of highway engineering, the optimum design of hollow beam section and reinforcement that using high strength concrete are done. The section and reinforcement design method of prestressed high strength concrete hollow beam is suggested, and comparison is made with normal prestressed concrete hollow beam.
2. To improve the structural mechanism of prestressed concrete hollow beam that using C80 high strength concrete and high uniform elongation & low relaxation class 270 high strength strand , the experiment of a prototype 16m hollow beam is made.
3. Based on the experiment result, the structural mechanism of secant section and obagonal section of experiment beam is proved. And furthermore , it is proved that the brittleness of the high strength concrete can be improved by adjusting the reinforcement in the compression zone. By using high uniform elongation & low relaxation class 270 high strength strand, the elongation of the beam can be increased significantly ,and fulfill or higher than the Code requirement.
The optimum design method give in this paper is of practical meaning, and give scientific research basis for the application of high strength prestressed concrete hollow beam in the bridge engineering, and give valuable experience for the further research.
引文
1． 陈肇元。高强与高性能混凝土的发展及应用。土木工程学报，1997(5)
2． 陈肇元，朱金铨，吴佩刚。高强混凝土及其应用。北京：清华大学出版社，1992
3． 贺栓海，谢仁物。公路桥梁荷载横向分布计算方法。北京：人民交通出版社，1996
4． 郭佩玲，陈翠红，王元。C80高强混凝土的研究与应用。混凝土，1997(6)
5． 中国土木工程学会高强混凝土委员会。高强混凝土结构设计与施工指南。北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1994
6． 交通部公路规划设计院主编。公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范(JTJ023-85)。北京：人民交通出版社，1985
7． 胡洲冠，易绍华，吴广林。C80泵送混凝土的研制。混凝土，1998(5)
8． 李家康，王巍。高强混凝土的几个基本力学指标。 工业建筑，1997(8)
9． 杜国华，毛昌时，司徒妙岭著。桥梁结构分析。上海：同济大学出版社，1994
10． GB50152-92．混凝土结构试验方法标准[S]。北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1993
11． GB／T5224-1995．预应力混凝土用钢绞线[S]．北京：中国标准出版社，1996
12. Lin,T.Y. and Bums, N.H, Design of Prestressed Concrete Structures, Third Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1981.
13. D.S. Prakash Rao: Use of HSC/HPC for road bridge in India, The Indian Concrete Journal 1996.12
14. Etienne, C. F. Etc. ,Evaluation of the use of high strength concrete bridge girders
in Louisiana PCI. 1990． 9-10
15 Chapman H E. Design of bridge Piers Study Group for Structures of Limited Ductility. Bulletin of New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering. 1986,19(4)
16 Wehbe N. Ductility of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns with Moderate Confinement(Technical Rpt).NCEER-96-0003,National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, Buffalo, NY:1996．
17 Mattock , A. H. ,Yamasaki ,J. And Kattula ,B. T. ,Comparative Study of Prestressed Concrete Beams with and without Bond , ACI Journal ,Feb. 1971．
18 Zhu Zu Yu , and ShiXinfeng , The Application of Unbonded Partially Prestressed Reinforced Concrete to a Large Silo , Proceedings of the International Symposium on Modem Applications of Prestressed Concrete , Vol. 2 , September 3-6 , Beijing, 1991．
2． 陈肇元，朱金铨，吴佩刚。高强混凝土及其应用。北京：清华大学出版社，1992
3． 贺栓海，谢仁物。公路桥梁荷载横向分布计算方法。北京：人民交通出版社，1996
4． 郭佩玲，陈翠红，王元。C80高强混凝土的研究与应用。混凝土，1997(6)
5． 中国土木工程学会高强混凝土委员会。高强混凝土结构设计与施工指南。北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1994
6． 交通部公路规划设计院主编。公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范(JTJ023-85)。北京：人民交通出版社，1985
7． 胡洲冠，易绍华，吴广林。C80泵送混凝土的研制。混凝土，1998(5)
8． 李家康，王巍。高强混凝土的几个基本力学指标。 工业建筑，1997(8)
9． 杜国华，毛昌时，司徒妙岭著。桥梁结构分析。上海：同济大学出版社，1994
10． GB50152-92．混凝土结构试验方法标准[S]。北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1993
11． GB／T5224-1995．预应力混凝土用钢绞线[S]．北京：中国标准出版社，1996
12. Lin,T.Y. and Bums, N.H, Design of Prestressed Concrete Structures, Third Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1981.
13. D.S. Prakash Rao: Use of HSC/HPC for road bridge in India, The Indian Concrete Journal 1996.12
14. Etienne, C. F. Etc. ,Evaluation of the use of high strength concrete bridge girders
in Louisiana PCI. 1990． 9-10
15 Chapman H E. Design of bridge Piers Study Group for Structures of Limited Ductility. Bulletin of New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering. 1986,19(4)
16 Wehbe N. Ductility of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns with Moderate Confinement(Technical Rpt).NCEER-96-0003,National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, Buffalo, NY:1996．
17 Mattock , A. H. ,Yamasaki ,J. And Kattula ,B. T. ,Comparative Study of Prestressed Concrete Beams with and without Bond , ACI Journal ,Feb. 1971．
18 Zhu Zu Yu , and ShiXinfeng , The Application of Unbonded Partially Prestressed Reinforced Concrete to a Large Silo , Proceedings of the International Symposium on Modem Applications of Prestressed Concrete , Vol. 2 , September 3-6 , Beijing, 1991．
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