集成采购参与新产品开发对研发绩效的影响研究
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摘要
随着竞争的加剧和对研发要求的不断增加,企业更加关注新的资源和新的采购方法,采购已成为一项战略行为。在企业新产品开发(NPD,New Product Development)过程中,集成采购参与NPD不仅是企业之间物流、信息流的接口,也是加强各方合作的关系接口,是实现无缝连接,提高研发绩效的关键环节。
集成采购参与NPD是一种产品开发方式,本文在对国内外大量研究成果进行总结的基础上,指出集成采购参与NPD对供应商参与NPD的有效性影响显著,并通过对供应商参与NPD的影响间接的影响研发绩效,技术不确定性对集成采购参与NPD与供应商参与NPD有效性之间的关系有显著的调节作用。参照国内外一些学者的观点,本文将集成采购参与NPD分为开发管理、供应商界面管理和项目与产品管理三个层面;将企业研发绩效分为长期绩效和短期绩效两个层面,并据此提出相应的假设。论文采用问卷调查的方法,使用SPSS及AMOS作为数据分析工具。通过对预问卷的修改,形成正式问卷,再将正式问卷的数据用于结构方程模型分析和调节效应的检验。
研究结果显示,集成采购参与NPD在开发管理和供应商界面管理两个层面对供应商参与NPD有效性的影响显著,而项目与产品管理对供应商参与NPD有效性的影响不显著;同样,也只有在开发管理和供应商界面管理两个层面上,集成采购参与NPD对研发绩效影响显著,并且其对长期绩效的影响大于其对短期绩效的影响,而项目与产品管理对研发绩效的影响并不显著;技术不确定性的调节作用主要体现在开发管理和供应商界面管理与供应商参与NPD有效性之间关系的影响上,而对项目与产品管理与供应商参与NPD有效性之间关系的影响不显著。最后,论文对研究结果进行了解释并提出了未来研究方向。
With the increased competition and the growing requirements of R&D (research&development), enterprises became more concerned about new resources and new methods of purchasing, purchasing has become a strategic behavior. In the enterprise new product development (NPD) process, integrated purchasing involvement in NPD not only provide an interface for information and logistics, but also provide an interface to strengthen the relationship between cooperate parties, it's the key to achieve seamless connectivity and enhance R&D performance.
Integrated purchasing involvement in NPD is a way of product development,Based on the summary of numerous studies both at home and abroad,this paper point out that integrated purchasing involvement in NPD has significant impact on the validity of supplier involvement in NPD, and through the impact on supplier involvement in NPD, it has indirect influence on R&D performance, and technology uncertainty has significant modulation role on the relationship between the integrated purchasing involvement in NPD and the validity of supplier involvement in NPD. Reference to the views of some scholars at home and abroad, the paper divided integrated purchasing involvement in NPD into three aspects, which are development management, supplier interface management and projects & product management; divided R&D performance into short-term and long-term performance of two aspects, and the corresponding hypotheses had been put forward. The paper uses questionnaire investigation method and data analysis tools like SPSS and AMOS. Through modification on the pre-revised questionnaire, we finally got a formal questionnaire, and then let the formal questionnaire data for structural equation model analysis and regulatory effects test.
The results showed that, integrated purchasing involvement in NPD at two aspects has significant impact on the validity of supplier involvement in NPD, which are development management and supplier interface management, but the project & product management isn't has significant impact on the validity of supplier involvement in NPD; Similarly, Only at development management and supplier interface management two aspects, integrated purchasing involvement in NPD has significant impact on the R&D performance ,and the long-term performance more significant than the short-term performance, but project & product management is not significant to the impact of R&D Performance; The regulatory role of technical uncertainty is embodied in the relationships of development management, supplier interface management and the validity of supplier involvement in NPD, but isn't embodied in the relationships of project & products management and the validity of supplier involvement in NPD. Finally, the paper explained the study results and proposed future research directions.
集成采购参与NPD是一种产品开发方式,本文在对国内外大量研究成果进行总结的基础上,指出集成采购参与NPD对供应商参与NPD的有效性影响显著,并通过对供应商参与NPD的影响间接的影响研发绩效,技术不确定性对集成采购参与NPD与供应商参与NPD有效性之间的关系有显著的调节作用。参照国内外一些学者的观点,本文将集成采购参与NPD分为开发管理、供应商界面管理和项目与产品管理三个层面;将企业研发绩效分为长期绩效和短期绩效两个层面,并据此提出相应的假设。论文采用问卷调查的方法,使用SPSS及AMOS作为数据分析工具。通过对预问卷的修改,形成正式问卷,再将正式问卷的数据用于结构方程模型分析和调节效应的检验。
研究结果显示,集成采购参与NPD在开发管理和供应商界面管理两个层面对供应商参与NPD有效性的影响显著,而项目与产品管理对供应商参与NPD有效性的影响不显著;同样,也只有在开发管理和供应商界面管理两个层面上,集成采购参与NPD对研发绩效影响显著,并且其对长期绩效的影响大于其对短期绩效的影响,而项目与产品管理对研发绩效的影响并不显著;技术不确定性的调节作用主要体现在开发管理和供应商界面管理与供应商参与NPD有效性之间关系的影响上,而对项目与产品管理与供应商参与NPD有效性之间关系的影响不显著。最后,论文对研究结果进行了解释并提出了未来研究方向。
With the increased competition and the growing requirements of R&D (research&development), enterprises became more concerned about new resources and new methods of purchasing, purchasing has become a strategic behavior. In the enterprise new product development (NPD) process, integrated purchasing involvement in NPD not only provide an interface for information and logistics, but also provide an interface to strengthen the relationship between cooperate parties, it's the key to achieve seamless connectivity and enhance R&D performance.
Integrated purchasing involvement in NPD is a way of product development,Based on the summary of numerous studies both at home and abroad,this paper point out that integrated purchasing involvement in NPD has significant impact on the validity of supplier involvement in NPD, and through the impact on supplier involvement in NPD, it has indirect influence on R&D performance, and technology uncertainty has significant modulation role on the relationship between the integrated purchasing involvement in NPD and the validity of supplier involvement in NPD. Reference to the views of some scholars at home and abroad, the paper divided integrated purchasing involvement in NPD into three aspects, which are development management, supplier interface management and projects & product management; divided R&D performance into short-term and long-term performance of two aspects, and the corresponding hypotheses had been put forward. The paper uses questionnaire investigation method and data analysis tools like SPSS and AMOS. Through modification on the pre-revised questionnaire, we finally got a formal questionnaire, and then let the formal questionnaire data for structural equation model analysis and regulatory effects test.
The results showed that, integrated purchasing involvement in NPD at two aspects has significant impact on the validity of supplier involvement in NPD, which are development management and supplier interface management, but the project & product management isn't has significant impact on the validity of supplier involvement in NPD; Similarly, Only at development management and supplier interface management two aspects, integrated purchasing involvement in NPD has significant impact on the R&D performance ,and the long-term performance more significant than the short-term performance, but project & product management is not significant to the impact of R&D Performance; The regulatory role of technical uncertainty is embodied in the relationships of development management, supplier interface management and the validity of supplier involvement in NPD, but isn't embodied in the relationships of project & products management and the validity of supplier involvement in NPD. Finally, the paper explained the study results and proposed future research directions.
引文
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