基于GPRS无线通信的车载驾驶人疲劳监测终端的设计和实现
摘要
目前车载驾驶人疲劳监测装置大都是以简单的计时方式为准则,只要发动机连续工作3～4个小时,就强制发动机停止工作半个小时。比较典型的装置就是汽车行驶记录仪,除了疲劳监测,还对车辆的转向灯、倒灯、车门、点火、远光灯、近光灯、刹车、鸣号、速度等动作进行实时记录,相当于一个“黑匣子”,通过专门的装置,可以将数据打印出来。为一些故障诊断和交通事故分析提供较为科学可靠的证据。此方式能够全面实时地记录车辆的行驶状态数据,但是仅以发动机的工作时间作为驾驶人疲劳的判定准则过于片面:而且只是一个记录装置,信息交互性不足;数据导出必须依赖专门的装置,在一定程度上限制了其应用的范围。
针对以上的不足,本文提出这样的方案:利用目前日益成熟人脸状态识别技术构建驾驶人智能监测系统,对驾驶人的疲劳状况进行实时、准确、高效地监测。当监测到驾驶人处于疲劳状态时,在车内进行语音预警,并利用GPRS无线通信网络将智能监测系统所获得驾驶人的疲劳信息和车辆的位置信息及时传送给上位机(监控中心),使得交管部门能及时采取措施,以避免一些交通事故的发生。同时,将车辆的实时位置信息和驾驶人的疲劳信息以TXT格式存储于车载端U盘结构存储器。
文中较为详细地介绍了GPRS以及组网方案的选择,GPS定位原理,并且给出了GPRS终端单元、GPS接收机、语音模块、无线云台控制以及数据存贮模块的硬件电路设计和软件设计,同时也给出了基于双51单片机和SP3539的车载移动终端系统主控电路设计和车载终端的总体工作流程,最后给出了整个系统的测试结果。
Nowadays most of drowsy drive monitor equipment was based on the rule of timing, if the engine runs 3～4 hours, it has to stop for half an hour rest. The typical equipment is the vehicle running record, besides drowsy monitor, it records ignition whistle speed bendbrake and so on, just like a "black_casket". With a special printer, we can get the record data which can provide scientific evidence for fault diagnosis and accident analyze. In this method, it's unilateral for drowsy monitor basing on the rule of timing;As a record equipment, it's lack of interactive; Special printer requirement for data export becomes limitation for use.
According to the flaw, we design this intelligent system:drowsy drive monitor was based on technique of facial feature recognition. When the driver was drowsy driving, voice alert was given at first inside of vehicle, then send the information of vehicle's position to monitor center by SMS relying on GPRS network; In this way, administration of traffic can take some necessary measure in advance which can prevent some accident. At the same time, record the information of vehicle's position and drowsy driving on the U-disk with the format of TXT.
In this paper, we first introduced the GPRS and selection of its terminal solution and principle of positioning of GPS in detail;Then, we present the hardware design and the software design of GPRS terminal、GPS receiver、voice module、wireless transmission module and data record module;Next, the main control circuit and software-module flow charts of vehicle carried terminal was described; At last, we discussed the test result of the whole system.
针对以上的不足,本文提出这样的方案:利用目前日益成熟人脸状态识别技术构建驾驶人智能监测系统,对驾驶人的疲劳状况进行实时、准确、高效地监测。当监测到驾驶人处于疲劳状态时,在车内进行语音预警,并利用GPRS无线通信网络将智能监测系统所获得驾驶人的疲劳信息和车辆的位置信息及时传送给上位机(监控中心),使得交管部门能及时采取措施,以避免一些交通事故的发生。同时,将车辆的实时位置信息和驾驶人的疲劳信息以TXT格式存储于车载端U盘结构存储器。
文中较为详细地介绍了GPRS以及组网方案的选择,GPS定位原理,并且给出了GPRS终端单元、GPS接收机、语音模块、无线云台控制以及数据存贮模块的硬件电路设计和软件设计,同时也给出了基于双51单片机和SP3539的车载移动终端系统主控电路设计和车载终端的总体工作流程,最后给出了整个系统的测试结果。
Nowadays most of drowsy drive monitor equipment was based on the rule of timing, if the engine runs 3～4 hours, it has to stop for half an hour rest. The typical equipment is the vehicle running record, besides drowsy monitor, it records ignition whistle speed bendbrake and so on, just like a "black_casket". With a special printer, we can get the record data which can provide scientific evidence for fault diagnosis and accident analyze. In this method, it's unilateral for drowsy monitor basing on the rule of timing;As a record equipment, it's lack of interactive; Special printer requirement for data export becomes limitation for use.
According to the flaw, we design this intelligent system:drowsy drive monitor was based on technique of facial feature recognition. When the driver was drowsy driving, voice alert was given at first inside of vehicle, then send the information of vehicle's position to monitor center by SMS relying on GPRS network; In this way, administration of traffic can take some necessary measure in advance which can prevent some accident. At the same time, record the information of vehicle's position and drowsy driving on the U-disk with the format of TXT.
In this paper, we first introduced the GPRS and selection of its terminal solution and principle of positioning of GPS in detail;Then, we present the hardware design and the software design of GPRS terminal、GPS receiver、voice module、wireless transmission module and data record module;Next, the main control circuit and software-module flow charts of vehicle carried terminal was described; At last, we discussed the test result of the whole system.
引文
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[4]陈林.多功能车载移动通信系统研究.重庆大学硕士学位论文2005,4.
[5]周江瑜.SIM卡芯片的低功耗设计.大连理工大学硕士学位论文,2005,4.
[6]施涛,胡平,靳晶,王俊.关于挖掘机监控系统的GPRS的程序设计.微计算机信息,22(8):230-232,2006.
[7]李彦,彭熙,蔡家麟.基于GPRS实现嵌入式系统的网络数据传输.甘肃联合大学学报,20(3):36-38.2006.
[8]鲍卫兵,杜丰,周云水.GPRS在远程抄表终端中应用.浙江工业大学学报,34(4):420-424,2006.
[9]曲广强,李丹,常国权.GPRS无线通信模块MC35I及其外围电路设计.东北电力大学学报,26(2):79-82.2006.
[10]周静,舒乃秋,裴春明.MSC1210的GPRS无线通信系统设计.应用天地年,2:65-68,2006.
[11]陈静,付饶.基于GPRS的短信平台的开发.自动化应用,5:113-116,2006.
[12]山霞,舒乃秋,裴春明,左婧.基于MSC1210的大坝安全监测数据采集模块的研制.中国农村水利水电,7:72-74,2006.
[13]王宁,黄樟钦,程亮,侯义斌.智能手机远程家居监控系统的设计与实现.计算机应用,25(9):2213-2218.2005.
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[18]戴畅.GSM无线测控系统的硬件设计.杭州电子工业学院院报,30(6):20-24,2003.
[19]黄智伟著.GPS接收机电路设计.北京:国防工业出版社,2005.
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[32]姜雪莲等.基于单片机的嵌入式U盘控制器的设计与实现.机电工程技术,2005年34卷4期,79-84.
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[34]方宗明.汽车数据记录仪的设计.西北工业大学机电学院2005年硕士学位论文.
[35]高守玮.基于微型摄像头的交通事故现场回放系统.西安交通大学2004年硕士学位论文.
[36]Sitaram Bhagavathy,Jelena Tesic,B.S.Manjunath.On The Rayleigh Nature of Gabor Filter Outputs.
[37]Berk Gokberk,M.O.Irfanoglu,Lale Akarun,Ethem Alpaydn.Selection of Location,Frequency and Orientation Parameters of 2D Gabor Wavelets for Face Recognition.
[38]Weichuan Yu,Gerald Sommer,Kostas Daniilidis.Skewness of Gabor Wavelets and Source Signal Separation.
[39]Volker Krueger,Gerald Sommer.Gabor Wavelet Networks for Efficient Head Pose Estimation.
[40]Yu Su,Shiguang Shan,Bo Cao,Xilin Chen,Wen Gao.Multiple Fisher Classifiers Combination for Face Recognition based on Grouping AdaBoosted Gabor Features.
[41]SONY ERICSSON Semiconductors.GR47 Datasheet.
[42]MOTOROLA Semiconductors.G18_Datasheet.http://www.motorola.com.
[43]SIEMENS Semiconductors.MC35/39_Datasheet.
[44]E-Compass Semiconductors.E531_Datasheet.
[45]Winbond Semiconductors.ISD4004_Datasheet.
[46]Maxim Semiconductors.MAX3232_Datashee
[47]Maxim Semiconductors.MAX232_Datashee
[48]Texas Instruments I430x13x MSP430x14x,MSP430x14xl Mixed Signal Microcontroller,2002.
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[2]摩托罗拉工学院.GPRS网络技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[3]杨志超.GPRS无线数据传输终端的设计及其应用.西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2004,3.
[4]陈林.多功能车载移动通信系统研究.重庆大学硕士学位论文2005,4.
[5]周江瑜.SIM卡芯片的低功耗设计.大连理工大学硕士学位论文,2005,4.
[6]施涛,胡平,靳晶,王俊.关于挖掘机监控系统的GPRS的程序设计.微计算机信息,22(8):230-232,2006.
[7]李彦,彭熙,蔡家麟.基于GPRS实现嵌入式系统的网络数据传输.甘肃联合大学学报,20(3):36-38.2006.
[8]鲍卫兵,杜丰,周云水.GPRS在远程抄表终端中应用.浙江工业大学学报,34(4):420-424,2006.
[9]曲广强,李丹,常国权.GPRS无线通信模块MC35I及其外围电路设计.东北电力大学学报,26(2):79-82.2006.
[10]周静,舒乃秋,裴春明.MSC1210的GPRS无线通信系统设计.应用天地年,2:65-68,2006.
[11]陈静,付饶.基于GPRS的短信平台的开发.自动化应用,5:113-116,2006.
[12]山霞,舒乃秋,裴春明,左婧.基于MSC1210的大坝安全监测数据采集模块的研制.中国农村水利水电,7:72-74,2006.
[13]王宁,黄樟钦,程亮,侯义斌.智能手机远程家居监控系统的设计与实现.计算机应用,25(9):2213-2218.2005.
[14]吴玉田.GPRS/GPS车辆监控调度系统中车载平台设计.东北电力大学学报,26(2):81-82,2005.
[15]钱勤.手机短信息的程序开发.www.chinaoak.myrice.tom,2004.
[16]何希才.现代蜂窝移动通信系统.科学出版社,1996.
[17]黄承安,张越.基于GPRS的远程仪表监控系统.电测与仪表,40(8):42-45,2004.
[18]戴畅.GSM无线测控系统的硬件设计.杭州电子工业学院院报,30(6):20-24,2003.
[19]黄智伟著.GPS接收机电路设计.北京:国防工业出版社,2005.
[20]波扎,张肇仪等.微波工程.北京:电子工业出版社,2006.
[21]黄智伟.无线发射与接收电路设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[22]李朝青.无线发送/接收IC芯片及其数据通信技术选编.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[23]Jean J.Labrosse著,邵贝贝等译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[24]视普科技.SP3539数据手册.
[25]马伟等.USB系统原理极其主从机设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[26]Don Anderson孟文 译.USB系统体系.北京:中国电力出版社,2003.
[27]许永和.8051单片机USB接口程序设计(上,下).北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.4.
[27]尹勇等.单片机开发环境uVision2使用指南及USB固件编程与调试.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[28]颜荣江等.EZ-USB 2100系列单片机原理编程应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[29]王成儒等.USB2.0原理与工程开发.北京:国防工业出版社,2004.
[30]许永和.Ez-USB FX系列单片机USB外围设备设计与应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[31]龚建伟.Visual C++/Turbo串口通信编程实践.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[32]姜雪莲等.基于单片机的嵌入式U盘控制器的设计与实现.机电工程技术,2005年34卷4期,79-84.
[33]李庆超.在单片机上扩展USB接口的设计与实现.计算机辅助工程,2004年13卷3期,74-79.
[34]方宗明.汽车数据记录仪的设计.西北工业大学机电学院2005年硕士学位论文.
[35]高守玮.基于微型摄像头的交通事故现场回放系统.西安交通大学2004年硕士学位论文.
[36]Sitaram Bhagavathy,Jelena Tesic,B.S.Manjunath.On The Rayleigh Nature of Gabor Filter Outputs.
[37]Berk Gokberk,M.O.Irfanoglu,Lale Akarun,Ethem Alpaydn.Selection of Location,Frequency and Orientation Parameters of 2D Gabor Wavelets for Face Recognition.
[38]Weichuan Yu,Gerald Sommer,Kostas Daniilidis.Skewness of Gabor Wavelets and Source Signal Separation.
[39]Volker Krueger,Gerald Sommer.Gabor Wavelet Networks for Efficient Head Pose Estimation.
[40]Yu Su,Shiguang Shan,Bo Cao,Xilin Chen,Wen Gao.Multiple Fisher Classifiers Combination for Face Recognition based on Grouping AdaBoosted Gabor Features.
[41]SONY ERICSSON Semiconductors.GR47 Datasheet.
[42]MOTOROLA Semiconductors.G18_Datasheet.http://www.motorola.com.
[43]SIEMENS Semiconductors.MC35/39_Datasheet.
[44]E-Compass Semiconductors.E531_Datasheet.
[45]Winbond Semiconductors.ISD4004_Datasheet.
[46]Maxim Semiconductors.MAX3232_Datashee
[47]Maxim Semiconductors.MAX232_Datashee
[48]Texas Instruments I430x13x MSP430x14x,MSP430x14xl Mixed Signal Microcontroller,2002.
[49]Texas Instruments Incorporated.Precision Analog-to-Digital Converter(ADC)with 8051 Microcontroller and Flash Memory MSC1210,2002.
[50]Texas Instruments Incorporated.MSC 1210 Precision ADC with 8051 Microcontroller and Flash Memory Evaluation Module User's Guide,2002.
[51]Atmel Corporation.AT91M40800,AT91 ARM Thumb Microcontrollers,2001.
[52]CypressSemicondutorCorporation.SL811EmbeddedUSBHost/SlaveController. http: //www.cypress.com/,2004.
[53] USBImplementersForum.UniversalSerialBusMassStorageClassSpecificationOverview.Revisionl. 1. http: //www.driverdevelop.com.
[54] Microsoft Corporation.MicrosoftExtensibleFirmwareInitiativeFAT16FileSystemSpecification.Versionl.03. http: //www.microsoft.com.
[55] Atmel Corporation.Description of AT89C51SND1. http: //www.atmel.com.
[56] SamSung Corporation.Description of FLASH MEMORY of K9F1208U0M-YCBO. http: //www.samsung.com
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