一种面向特定用户实现高质量传输的P2P内容分发系统的研究与实现
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摘要
目前在广电领域,数字化、网络化与融合化成为三大发展趋势,而”十一五”时期也正是我国广播电视向数字化与融合化全面过渡、实现跨越式发展的阶段,而无论是广电的网络化还是融合化都与互联网有着密不闭可分的关系。
传统广电领域企业在这个发展过程中,在广电数字化方面有着较快的发展,如数字化播控,网络电视的制作,节目的转码与加密都很快发展并逐步成熟。而在网络方面新技术的发展与应用则相对缓慢,这一方面是由于传统广电领域企业缺乏网络方面的积累,另一方面网络技术本身也在快速发展之中。而互联网企业推出的P2P产品,由于在功能特点上不能完全满足广电领域应用的需求,使得其产品也很难被直接采纳,因此目前网络技术成为广电领域发展的一个重要瓶颈。
在目前央视网络电视的一些相关项目开发过程中我们发现,现在的很多广电项目并不是大规模的应用,而是面对数量有限的用户,但是需要保证较高的服务质量,这与目前面相个人计算机用户的P2P应用具有很大区别。因此,我们需要开发一种面相特定用户的、能够提供高质量传输的P2P内容分发系统。
本文进行的主要工作有:
(1)根据向特定用户提供高质量P2P内容分发服务的需求,参与整体架构的设计与优化。
(2)针对目前存在大量NAT网络影响P2P传输应用的特点,实现了采用UDP协议实现NAT穿越,并且在应用层对UDP协议进行封装,使UDP协议实现可靠传输。
(3)参与P2P内容分发系统服务于某视频社区项目的应用。
(4)根据目前网络电视技术快速发展的趋势,本文提出了一种改进的应用层多播方案,用于P2P的流媒体直播系统。
In the field of radio and television, digital, network and integration has become three major development trend, "11th Five-Year Plan" period is also China's radio and television broadcasting to digital and integration of the full transition to achieve leapfrog development stage, whether Radio network or with the integration of the Internet can be a closed relationship.
The field of traditional radio and television enterprises in the process, in digital broadcasting has a relatively rapid development, such as Digital Broadcasting, the network television production, programming code and encryption to quickly develop and gradually mature. In the network the development of new technologies and applications are relatively slow, this is due to the lack of traditional radio and television network business areas and the accumulation of other network technology itself is rapidly evolving. Internet companies launched P2P products because of the features on the radio and television can not completely meet the needs of application areas, making their products can hardly be directly adopted, the current radio and television network technology as an important area of development bottleneck.
The main contributions in this paper are as follows:
(1) According to specific users provide high-quality services P2P content distribution needs, the overall framework of participation in the design and optimization.
(2) At present there are a lot against NAT affected P2P network transmission applications characteristics, realized using UDP protocol NAT traversal, and the application layer on the UDP protocol package, the UDP protocol to achieve reliable transmission.
(3) Participate in P2P content distribution system which is serviced in community-based projects video applications.
(4) According to the current technology in the broadcasting industry, network television trend of the rapid development of technology, an improved application layer multicast scheme for P2P streaming media broadcast systems.
传统广电领域企业在这个发展过程中,在广电数字化方面有着较快的发展,如数字化播控,网络电视的制作,节目的转码与加密都很快发展并逐步成熟。而在网络方面新技术的发展与应用则相对缓慢,这一方面是由于传统广电领域企业缺乏网络方面的积累,另一方面网络技术本身也在快速发展之中。而互联网企业推出的P2P产品,由于在功能特点上不能完全满足广电领域应用的需求,使得其产品也很难被直接采纳,因此目前网络技术成为广电领域发展的一个重要瓶颈。
在目前央视网络电视的一些相关项目开发过程中我们发现,现在的很多广电项目并不是大规模的应用,而是面对数量有限的用户,但是需要保证较高的服务质量,这与目前面相个人计算机用户的P2P应用具有很大区别。因此,我们需要开发一种面相特定用户的、能够提供高质量传输的P2P内容分发系统。
本文进行的主要工作有:
(1)根据向特定用户提供高质量P2P内容分发服务的需求,参与整体架构的设计与优化。
(2)针对目前存在大量NAT网络影响P2P传输应用的特点,实现了采用UDP协议实现NAT穿越,并且在应用层对UDP协议进行封装,使UDP协议实现可靠传输。
(3)参与P2P内容分发系统服务于某视频社区项目的应用。
(4)根据目前网络电视技术快速发展的趋势,本文提出了一种改进的应用层多播方案,用于P2P的流媒体直播系统。
In the field of radio and television, digital, network and integration has become three major development trend, "11th Five-Year Plan" period is also China's radio and television broadcasting to digital and integration of the full transition to achieve leapfrog development stage, whether Radio network or with the integration of the Internet can be a closed relationship.
The field of traditional radio and television enterprises in the process, in digital broadcasting has a relatively rapid development, such as Digital Broadcasting, the network television production, programming code and encryption to quickly develop and gradually mature. In the network the development of new technologies and applications are relatively slow, this is due to the lack of traditional radio and television network business areas and the accumulation of other network technology itself is rapidly evolving. Internet companies launched P2P products because of the features on the radio and television can not completely meet the needs of application areas, making their products can hardly be directly adopted, the current radio and television network technology as an important area of development bottleneck.
The main contributions in this paper are as follows:
(1) According to specific users provide high-quality services P2P content distribution needs, the overall framework of participation in the design and optimization.
(2) At present there are a lot against NAT affected P2P network transmission applications characteristics, realized using UDP protocol NAT traversal, and the application layer on the UDP protocol package, the UDP protocol to achieve reliable transmission.
(3) Participate in P2P content distribution system which is serviced in community-based projects video applications.
(4) According to the current technology in the broadcasting industry, network television trend of the rapid development of technology, an improved application layer multicast scheme for P2P streaming media broadcast systems.
引文
[1].吴桂芳.高性能P2P内容分发系统的研究.计算机工程.2007年第2期:11
[2].邢小良.P2P技术及其应用.北京.人民邮电出版社2007年9月
[3].彭少斌,孔婷.P2P技术的发展.现代计算机.2006.2:43-47
[4].龚海刚,刘明,谢力.P2P流媒体传输的研究进展综述[J].计算机科学,2004,31(9):20-22.
[5].宿建宗,李秉智.P2P网络模型的比较与分析重庆邮电学院学报:自然科学版,2006,18(1):123-125.
[6].陈建华,黄道颖等.计算机对等网络P2P技术.计算机工程与应用.2003.33
[7].杨天路,刘宇宏,张文等.P2P网络技术原理与开发.北京.人民邮电出版社.2005年6月.
[8].管昌生,邓 磊,崔 华.基于P2P技术的流媒体服务模型研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2006,(2).
[9].李阳明,王利芬,郭慧.P2P对等网络的关键技术及应用.现代计算机.2005.8:32—34
[10].IETF RFC 3022,Traditional IP network address translator(traditional NAT)[S].
[11].IETF RFC 3489,STUN-Simple traversal of user datagram protocol through network address translators[S].
[12].谢希仁.计算机网络[M].4版.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[13].J Rosenberg,J Weihberger.STUN-Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol(UDP)through Network Address Translators(NATs)[S],RFC3489,IETFissues,March2003
[14].Stevens w R.TCP/IP详解卷1:协议[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2000.管昌生,邓磊,崔华.基于P2P技术的流媒体服务模型研究.武汉理工大学学报.2006.2:3
[15].宿建宗,李秉智,NAT网络中基于UDP的P2P解决方案研究.计算机工程与应用.2006(29):177—183.
[16].Tara Small,,Ben Liang,Baochun Li.Scaling Laws and Tradeoffs in Peer-to-Peer Live Multimedia Streaming.In Proceedings of ACM Multimedia 2006,to appear,November 2006.
[17].Feng Wangl,Yongqiang Xiong,Jiangchuan Liu.mTreebone:A Hybrid Tree/Mesh Overlay for Application-Layer Live Video Multicast.In ACM SIGCOMM,2005.
[18].杨文涛,易志雄,P2P网络流媒体播放系统研究[J],宽带网络与传输.1002_8692(2005).
[19].Li Zhao,Jian-Guang Luo,Meng Zhang,and Shi-Qiang Yang.Gridmedia:A practical peer-to-peer based live video streaming system.Submitted to IEEE MMSP 2005.
[20].王艳丽,鲜继清,白洁.基于p2p的流媒体技术[J].计算机应用技术,2006,25(6):1267-1270
[21].韩俊伟.基于p2p的流媒体直播系统的研究与设计.计算机应用研究.2006.6.
[22].Meng Zhang,Jian-Guang Luo,Li Zhao,and Shi-Qiang Yang.A Peer-to-Peer Network for Live Media Streaming-Using a Push-Pull Approach.In Proceedings of ACM Multimedia 2005,to appear,November 2005.
[23].R.Tian,Q.Zhang,Z.Xiang,Y.Xiong,X.Li,and W.Zhu.Robust and efficient path diversity in application-layer multicast for video streaming.IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology,15(8):961-972,August.
[2].邢小良.P2P技术及其应用.北京.人民邮电出版社2007年9月
[3].彭少斌,孔婷.P2P技术的发展.现代计算机.2006.2:43-47
[4].龚海刚,刘明,谢力.P2P流媒体传输的研究进展综述[J].计算机科学,2004,31(9):20-22.
[5].宿建宗,李秉智.P2P网络模型的比较与分析重庆邮电学院学报:自然科学版,2006,18(1):123-125.
[6].陈建华,黄道颖等.计算机对等网络P2P技术.计算机工程与应用.2003.33
[7].杨天路,刘宇宏,张文等.P2P网络技术原理与开发.北京.人民邮电出版社.2005年6月.
[8].管昌生,邓 磊,崔 华.基于P2P技术的流媒体服务模型研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2006,(2).
[9].李阳明,王利芬,郭慧.P2P对等网络的关键技术及应用.现代计算机.2005.8:32—34
[10].IETF RFC 3022,Traditional IP network address translator(traditional NAT)[S].
[11].IETF RFC 3489,STUN-Simple traversal of user datagram protocol through network address translators[S].
[12].谢希仁.计算机网络[M].4版.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[13].J Rosenberg,J Weihberger.STUN-Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol(UDP)through Network Address Translators(NATs)[S],RFC3489,IETFissues,March2003
[14].Stevens w R.TCP/IP详解卷1:协议[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2000.管昌生,邓磊,崔华.基于P2P技术的流媒体服务模型研究.武汉理工大学学报.2006.2:3
[15].宿建宗,李秉智,NAT网络中基于UDP的P2P解决方案研究.计算机工程与应用.2006(29):177—183.
[16].Tara Small,,Ben Liang,Baochun Li.Scaling Laws and Tradeoffs in Peer-to-Peer Live Multimedia Streaming.In Proceedings of ACM Multimedia 2006,to appear,November 2006.
[17].Feng Wangl,Yongqiang Xiong,Jiangchuan Liu.mTreebone:A Hybrid Tree/Mesh Overlay for Application-Layer Live Video Multicast.In ACM SIGCOMM,2005.
[18].杨文涛,易志雄,P2P网络流媒体播放系统研究[J],宽带网络与传输.1002_8692(2005).
[19].Li Zhao,Jian-Guang Luo,Meng Zhang,and Shi-Qiang Yang.Gridmedia:A practical peer-to-peer based live video streaming system.Submitted to IEEE MMSP 2005.
[20].王艳丽,鲜继清,白洁.基于p2p的流媒体技术[J].计算机应用技术,2006,25(6):1267-1270
[21].韩俊伟.基于p2p的流媒体直播系统的研究与设计.计算机应用研究.2006.6.
[22].Meng Zhang,Jian-Guang Luo,Li Zhao,and Shi-Qiang Yang.A Peer-to-Peer Network for Live Media Streaming-Using a Push-Pull Approach.In Proceedings of ACM Multimedia 2005,to appear,November 2005.
[23].R.Tian,Q.Zhang,Z.Xiang,Y.Xiong,X.Li,and W.Zhu.Robust and efficient path diversity in application-layer multicast for video streaming.IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology,15(8):961-972,August.
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