热环境下弹丸头部温度场研究
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摘要
现代战场日趋复杂的作战环境对弹丸设计提出了更为严格的要求。对不同热环境下的弹丸,必须采取不同措施控制其内部温度,才能保证其正常工作,充分发挥作战效能。
本文在弹丸外形给定、外部热环境已知的基础上,进行弹丸头部内部的温度场研究。根据传热机理,在一定的前提和假设基础上,简化得出弹丸温度场控制方程。给出实心弹丸、空心弹丸两类基本弹型。采用代数网格生成法生成弹丸内部网格,有限差分法数值求解内部温度场。导热控制方程的离散采用控制容积积分法,对各类边界条件的处理方法进行了详细阐述。给出计算程序流程图,说明求解两类弹丸内部温度场的基本步骤。为了验证程序的正确性,分别给出矩形区域、梯形区域内的温度场算例。结果表明,本文程序用于计算弹丸内部温度场是可行的。
分别求解了不同形状、不同热环境下实心弹丸内部温度场以及不同壁厚、不同材料、不同热源位置布置、不同防热涂层布置时空心弹丸内部温度场。通过分析可知,弹丸内部温度值高低和诸多因素紧密相关,必须将各种影响因素综合考虑。本文的计算将为弹丸设计提供温度场数据,具有一定的工程实用价值。
The growing complexity of the modern battlefield environment asks for more stringent requirements on the design of the projectile. For the projectile in different thermal environment, different measures must be adopted to control its internal temperature to ensure its normal work and give full play to combat effectiveness.
In this thesis, the internal temperature field of the head of projectile is researched, based on the given projectile shape and external thermal environment. According to heat transfer mechanism, based on certain preconditions and assumptions, the governing equation of projectile temperature field is simplified. The two basic models—solid projectile and hollow projectile are introduced. An algebraic grid generation technique is applied to generate the internal grid of projectile. Finite difference method is chosen to calculate the internal temperature field. The governing equation is discretized by control volume integration, and the methods to deal with various boundary conditions are described in detail. Flow chart is calculated to show the basic steps to solve the internal temperature field of the two basic projectile models. To prove the correctness of programs, temperature field examples in rectangular area and trapezoidal area are given. The results show that the programs used to calculate the internal temperature of projectile are feasible.
The internal temperature field of solid projectile with different shapes, different thermal environment and that of hollow projectile with different thickness, different materials, different location of heat sources, different thermal protection coatings are calculated severally. The analysis indicates that level of internal temperature is closely related to many factors, and the impact of various factors must be considered. The calculation of this thesis provides temperature data for projectile design, and has certain practical value for engineering.
本文在弹丸外形给定、外部热环境已知的基础上,进行弹丸头部内部的温度场研究。根据传热机理,在一定的前提和假设基础上,简化得出弹丸温度场控制方程。给出实心弹丸、空心弹丸两类基本弹型。采用代数网格生成法生成弹丸内部网格,有限差分法数值求解内部温度场。导热控制方程的离散采用控制容积积分法,对各类边界条件的处理方法进行了详细阐述。给出计算程序流程图,说明求解两类弹丸内部温度场的基本步骤。为了验证程序的正确性,分别给出矩形区域、梯形区域内的温度场算例。结果表明,本文程序用于计算弹丸内部温度场是可行的。
分别求解了不同形状、不同热环境下实心弹丸内部温度场以及不同壁厚、不同材料、不同热源位置布置、不同防热涂层布置时空心弹丸内部温度场。通过分析可知,弹丸内部温度值高低和诸多因素紧密相关,必须将各种影响因素综合考虑。本文的计算将为弹丸设计提供温度场数据,具有一定的工程实用价值。
The growing complexity of the modern battlefield environment asks for more stringent requirements on the design of the projectile. For the projectile in different thermal environment, different measures must be adopted to control its internal temperature to ensure its normal work and give full play to combat effectiveness.
In this thesis, the internal temperature field of the head of projectile is researched, based on the given projectile shape and external thermal environment. According to heat transfer mechanism, based on certain preconditions and assumptions, the governing equation of projectile temperature field is simplified. The two basic models—solid projectile and hollow projectile are introduced. An algebraic grid generation technique is applied to generate the internal grid of projectile. Finite difference method is chosen to calculate the internal temperature field. The governing equation is discretized by control volume integration, and the methods to deal with various boundary conditions are described in detail. Flow chart is calculated to show the basic steps to solve the internal temperature field of the two basic projectile models. To prove the correctness of programs, temperature field examples in rectangular area and trapezoidal area are given. The results show that the programs used to calculate the internal temperature of projectile are feasible.
The internal temperature field of solid projectile with different shapes, different thermal environment and that of hollow projectile with different thickness, different materials, different location of heat sources, different thermal protection coatings are calculated severally. The analysis indicates that level of internal temperature is closely related to many factors, and the impact of various factors must be considered. The calculation of this thesis provides temperature data for projectile design, and has certain practical value for engineering.
引文
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