基于工作流的智能网上商城系统研究
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摘要
随着传统营销渠道竞争的白炽化、网上购物环境的成熟,网上购物市场规模正在飞速增长。网络分销渠道已经成为众多传统企业整体营销渠道战略部署中的一粒重要的棋子。传统企业进军B2C电子商务是基于现有业务模式的一个延伸,有线下业务、品牌、渠道、顾客等多方面资源的支持,这是一种十分稳健的电子商务模式。
在企业的B2C电子商务运作中,70%以上的业务工作都是由两个或两个以上的员工共同参与协作来完成的,这一系列相关的活动以及活动按照一定规则的变化过程就构成了业务流程。在企业的商业活动中,特别是在电子商务中,能否最快地对客户需求做出反应,在市场需求变化时对商务流程做出及时的调整,是一个企业立于不败之地的重要因素。采用工作流管理技术,通过过程建模和过程管理技术开发的企业电子商务系统能迅速实现企业业务重组,使电子商务活动以信息流为基础,全面提高协作能力,有效整合企业信息资源。
除了提供过硬的产品质量外,个性化智能化服务也是一个吸引顾客的营销手段。传统网上购物只是简单的陈列商品,缺乏个性化智能化的服务,不能吸引众多的潜在客户;随着网络交易量的日益增大,如何减少管理员的工作量,使网上交易带有更多的智能性,也是网上购物面临的问题,而Agent技术的发展为实现这个目标提供了良好的基础。
本文的主要研究工作如下:
1)对工作流技术、模型驱动开发技术以及智能Agent技术进行了研究。
2)给出了一种基于ECO模型驱动的工作流实现方法,阐明了该方法的具体实现步骤,并实现了该方法在B2C网上商城系统中的应用。
3)研究了面向Agent软件开发的形式化语言,并且将面向服务的概念应用于Agent的架构上来。
4)针对现有购物系统的缺陷,研究设计了基于Multi-Agent的智能网上购物系统,对各个Agent的功能以及它们之间的通信做出了说明。
5)用.NET平台来开发基于ASP.NET的B/S系统的应用,实现了B2C网上商城系统的项目开发,论证了本文工作的可行性。
With the keen competition in traditional marketing channels and the fully-fledged environment in online shopping, the online shopping market is rapidly growing. Network distribution channels have become a very important part in many traditional enterprises' overall strategic plan for marketing channels. Traditional enterprises' developping the B2C e-commerce is an extension for the existed business mode, and this is a very robust e-commerce mode because it has many supporting resources such as business offline, brands, channels, customers and so on.
More than 70 percents of business are completed by two or more employees' cooperation in the enterprise's B2C e-commercial activities. This series of related activities and the change process of these activities in accordance with certain rules constitute the business processes. In enterprises' commercial activities especially in e-commerce, to be quickly respond to customer's demand and to make timely adjustments for the business process according to the market demands' changes is an important factor for a sucessful enterprise. By using the workflow management technology, the e-commerce system developped through process modeling and process management technology can rapidly realize the business process reorganization, and make the e-commerce activities run based on information flow, and totally strengthen the cooperation ability and effectively integrate corporate's information resources.
In addition to providing excellent product quality, personalized and intelligent service is also an important marketing way to attract customers. In traditional online shop the commodities are just exhibited simplely, which is not able to attract large number of potential customers for lack of personalized and intelligent service. At the same time, with the increasingly accumulated network trading volume, how to reduce the workload of managers and make the trade online be more intelligent is also a question appearing in shopping online. And the development of Agent technology provides a good foundation for solving these questions.
The main research works are as follows:
1) Studied the work flow technology, model driven development technology and Intelligent Agent technology.
2) Proposed an implementing technology of workflow based on ECO model driven, and elaborated on the implementing technology, and applied the method in a B2C web-shop system.
3) Studied the formal language Agent-oriented software development, and applied the concept of service-oriented in architecture of Agent.
4) Studied and designed an intelligent web-shop system based on Multi-Agent against the deficiencies of existing web-shop system, and explained the functions of the various Agents and the communication between them.
5) Developed the B/S application based on ASP.NET through the .NET platform, and realized the project of B2C web-shop system, and demonstrated the feasibility of the work in this paper.
在企业的B2C电子商务运作中,70%以上的业务工作都是由两个或两个以上的员工共同参与协作来完成的,这一系列相关的活动以及活动按照一定规则的变化过程就构成了业务流程。在企业的商业活动中,特别是在电子商务中,能否最快地对客户需求做出反应,在市场需求变化时对商务流程做出及时的调整,是一个企业立于不败之地的重要因素。采用工作流管理技术,通过过程建模和过程管理技术开发的企业电子商务系统能迅速实现企业业务重组,使电子商务活动以信息流为基础,全面提高协作能力,有效整合企业信息资源。
除了提供过硬的产品质量外,个性化智能化服务也是一个吸引顾客的营销手段。传统网上购物只是简单的陈列商品,缺乏个性化智能化的服务,不能吸引众多的潜在客户;随着网络交易量的日益增大,如何减少管理员的工作量,使网上交易带有更多的智能性,也是网上购物面临的问题,而Agent技术的发展为实现这个目标提供了良好的基础。
本文的主要研究工作如下:
1)对工作流技术、模型驱动开发技术以及智能Agent技术进行了研究。
2)给出了一种基于ECO模型驱动的工作流实现方法,阐明了该方法的具体实现步骤,并实现了该方法在B2C网上商城系统中的应用。
3)研究了面向Agent软件开发的形式化语言,并且将面向服务的概念应用于Agent的架构上来。
4)针对现有购物系统的缺陷,研究设计了基于Multi-Agent的智能网上购物系统,对各个Agent的功能以及它们之间的通信做出了说明。
5)用.NET平台来开发基于ASP.NET的B/S系统的应用,实现了B2C网上商城系统的项目开发,论证了本文工作的可行性。
With the keen competition in traditional marketing channels and the fully-fledged environment in online shopping, the online shopping market is rapidly growing. Network distribution channels have become a very important part in many traditional enterprises' overall strategic plan for marketing channels. Traditional enterprises' developping the B2C e-commerce is an extension for the existed business mode, and this is a very robust e-commerce mode because it has many supporting resources such as business offline, brands, channels, customers and so on.
More than 70 percents of business are completed by two or more employees' cooperation in the enterprise's B2C e-commercial activities. This series of related activities and the change process of these activities in accordance with certain rules constitute the business processes. In enterprises' commercial activities especially in e-commerce, to be quickly respond to customer's demand and to make timely adjustments for the business process according to the market demands' changes is an important factor for a sucessful enterprise. By using the workflow management technology, the e-commerce system developped through process modeling and process management technology can rapidly realize the business process reorganization, and make the e-commerce activities run based on information flow, and totally strengthen the cooperation ability and effectively integrate corporate's information resources.
In addition to providing excellent product quality, personalized and intelligent service is also an important marketing way to attract customers. In traditional online shop the commodities are just exhibited simplely, which is not able to attract large number of potential customers for lack of personalized and intelligent service. At the same time, with the increasingly accumulated network trading volume, how to reduce the workload of managers and make the trade online be more intelligent is also a question appearing in shopping online. And the development of Agent technology provides a good foundation for solving these questions.
The main research works are as follows:
1) Studied the work flow technology, model driven development technology and Intelligent Agent technology.
2) Proposed an implementing technology of workflow based on ECO model driven, and elaborated on the implementing technology, and applied the method in a B2C web-shop system.
3) Studied the formal language Agent-oriented software development, and applied the concept of service-oriented in architecture of Agent.
4) Studied and designed an intelligent web-shop system based on Multi-Agent against the deficiencies of existing web-shop system, and explained the functions of the various Agents and the communication between them.
5) Developed the B/S application based on ASP.NET through the .NET platform, and realized the project of B2C web-shop system, and demonstrated the feasibility of the work in this paper.
引文
[1]范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础[M].清华大学出版社,2001,4.
[2]Wil van der A.Max van H K Workflow Management:Models,Methods,and Systems[M].Massachusetts:The MIT Press Cambridge,2002.
[3]Tracy,B.E-Tailing:What web customers really want.Advertising Age's Bussiness Marketing,1998,(83):P39-42.
[4]李红,梁晋.电子商务技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2001.10.
[5]徐峰,吕建,陶先平等.MABEMS:一个基于移动Agent的电子市场空间[J].南京大学学报:自然科学版.2002,38(2):131-138.
[6]范玉顺,吴澄.工作流管理技术研究与产品现状及发展趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统--CIMS.2000,6(1):1-13.
[7]范玉顺,王刚,高展.企业建模理论与方法学导论[M].清华大学出版社,2001,10.
[8]Workflow Management Coalition.The workflow management reference model.Document number WFMC-TC-1003.
[9]Peter,Lawrence.Workflow Handbook.Chichester,West Sussex,England;New York:John Wiley & Sons,c1997.
[10]The First Reference Implementation of the OMG MASIF Mobile Agent System Interoperability Facility.www.omg.org/docs/orbos/98-04-05.pdf.
[11]Anneke Kleppe,Jos Warmer,Win Bast.解析MDA[M].鲍志云译.北京,人民有点出版社,2003,6.
[12]Chunying Zhao,Kang Zhang.Transformational Approaches to Model Driven Architecture-A review[C].Software Engineering Workshop,2007.SEW 2007.31st IEEE,March 62007-Feb.8 2007 Page(s):67-74
[13]李维.Delphi MDA/DDA程序设计--使用ECO[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007.3.
[14]Jos,Warmer.Anneke,Kleppe.Object Constraint Language,Getting Your Models Ready for MDA,Second Edition.New York,Addison Wesley,2003:68-72.
[15]White,J.Telescript Technology:Mobile Agents.Bradshaw J.Software Agents.MA:MIT Press,1996.
[16]Russell,S.J.,P.Novig.Artificial Intelligence:a Modern Approach.Paramus:Prentice Hall PTR,2002.
[17]Franklin,S.Graesser,A.Is It an Agent or Just a Program? A Taxonomy for Autonomous Agents.In:Proc.Of 3rd Int.Workshop on Agent Theories,Architecture,and Language (ATAL'96),1996.
[18]Michael,Wooldridge.R,Jennings.Agents Theory-Intelligent Agents.Berlin:Springer-Verleg,1995.
[19]Michael,Wooldridge.石纯一等译.多Agent系统引论[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003,10
[20]范玉顺,曹军威.多代理系统理论方法与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:42-56.
[21]Alexander,Artikis.Jeremy,Pitt.Christos,Stergiou.Agent Communication Transfer Protocol [C].Proceedings of the fourth international conference on Autonomous Agents table of contents;2000:491-498.
[22]Adam Pease,Standard Upper Ontology Knowledge Interchange Format[EB/OL].http://cl.tamu.edu/discuss/kif-100101.pdf,2004-02-18.
[23]Tim,Finin.Yannis,Labrou.James,Mayfield.KQML as an Agent communication language[C].Edinburgh UK:Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management,1995:1-22.
[24]黄必清.虚拟企业系统的理论与技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:231-250.
[25]IEEE Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents.FIPA Rationale[EB/OL].http://www.cselt.stct.it/fipa/fipa-rationale.htm,1996/1996.
[26]Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents.FIPA ACL Message Structure Specification [EB/OL].http://www.fipa.org/,2002.
[27]Wooldridge M,Jennings N R.Intelligent Agents:Theory and Practice[J].Knowledge Engineering Review,1994,1(2):115-152.
[28]唐宏超.基于Multi-Agent的专卖店网络分销管理系统[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学信息过程学院,2006.
[29]王曰芬,丁晟春等.电子商务网站设计与管理[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2002.
[30]David S.Frankel.应用MDA[M].鲍志云译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2003.
[31]范雪莉等.个性化电子商务网站的研究与实现[J].计算机应用,2002,(6).
[32]李常洪.多Agent合作机制与合作结构研究[硕士学位论文].天津:天津大学管理学院,2002.
[33]陈德军,李婷,周祖德.基于多Agent自动协商的电子商务系统的研究[J].微计算机信息,2007,23:P164-165.
[34]张社华,刘永才,刘德.网上导购系统的一个解决方案[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版), 2002,6:431-435.
[35]凌兴宏,李绪蓉,丁秋林.基于XML的Agent通信语言[J],计算机应用研究,2003,7:P152-154.
[36]FIPA RDF Content Language[R],FIPA Report XC00011A.
[37]FIPA ACL Message Structure Specification[R],FIPA Report XC00061E.
[38]FIPA ACL Message Representation in XML Specification[R],FIPA Report XC00071C
[39]张智,肖卫军.基于SOAP消息的交易市场中介模型[J].现代计算机,2004,(10):P 66-69.
[40]Ken Scribner,Mark C.Stiver.Applied SOAP:Implementing.NET Web Services[M].Amercia:Sams Press,2002:253-268.
[41]王世进,周炳海,陶丽华,奚立峰.Agent通信语言综述[J].计算机工程与应用,2005,21(1):32-37.
[42]Esposito D.构建Web解决方案--应用ASP.NET和ADO.NET[M].梁超译.北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[2]Wil van der A.Max van H K Workflow Management:Models,Methods,and Systems[M].Massachusetts:The MIT Press Cambridge,2002.
[3]Tracy,B.E-Tailing:What web customers really want.Advertising Age's Bussiness Marketing,1998,(83):P39-42.
[4]李红,梁晋.电子商务技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2001.10.
[5]徐峰,吕建,陶先平等.MABEMS:一个基于移动Agent的电子市场空间[J].南京大学学报:自然科学版.2002,38(2):131-138.
[6]范玉顺,吴澄.工作流管理技术研究与产品现状及发展趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统--CIMS.2000,6(1):1-13.
[7]范玉顺,王刚,高展.企业建模理论与方法学导论[M].清华大学出版社,2001,10.
[8]Workflow Management Coalition.The workflow management reference model.Document number WFMC-TC-1003.
[9]Peter,Lawrence.Workflow Handbook.Chichester,West Sussex,England;New York:John Wiley & Sons,c1997.
[10]The First Reference Implementation of the OMG MASIF Mobile Agent System Interoperability Facility.www.omg.org/docs/orbos/98-04-05.pdf.
[11]Anneke Kleppe,Jos Warmer,Win Bast.解析MDA[M].鲍志云译.北京,人民有点出版社,2003,6.
[12]Chunying Zhao,Kang Zhang.Transformational Approaches to Model Driven Architecture-A review[C].Software Engineering Workshop,2007.SEW 2007.31st IEEE,March 62007-Feb.8 2007 Page(s):67-74
[13]李维.Delphi MDA/DDA程序设计--使用ECO[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007.3.
[14]Jos,Warmer.Anneke,Kleppe.Object Constraint Language,Getting Your Models Ready for MDA,Second Edition.New York,Addison Wesley,2003:68-72.
[15]White,J.Telescript Technology:Mobile Agents.Bradshaw J.Software Agents.MA:MIT Press,1996.
[16]Russell,S.J.,P.Novig.Artificial Intelligence:a Modern Approach.Paramus:Prentice Hall PTR,2002.
[17]Franklin,S.Graesser,A.Is It an Agent or Just a Program? A Taxonomy for Autonomous Agents.In:Proc.Of 3rd Int.Workshop on Agent Theories,Architecture,and Language (ATAL'96),1996.
[18]Michael,Wooldridge.R,Jennings.Agents Theory-Intelligent Agents.Berlin:Springer-Verleg,1995.
[19]Michael,Wooldridge.石纯一等译.多Agent系统引论[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003,10
[20]范玉顺,曹军威.多代理系统理论方法与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:42-56.
[21]Alexander,Artikis.Jeremy,Pitt.Christos,Stergiou.Agent Communication Transfer Protocol [C].Proceedings of the fourth international conference on Autonomous Agents table of contents;2000:491-498.
[22]Adam Pease,Standard Upper Ontology Knowledge Interchange Format[EB/OL].http://cl.tamu.edu/discuss/kif-100101.pdf,2004-02-18.
[23]Tim,Finin.Yannis,Labrou.James,Mayfield.KQML as an Agent communication language[C].Edinburgh UK:Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management,1995:1-22.
[24]黄必清.虚拟企业系统的理论与技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:231-250.
[25]IEEE Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents.FIPA Rationale[EB/OL].http://www.cselt.stct.it/fipa/fipa-rationale.htm,1996/1996.
[26]Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents.FIPA ACL Message Structure Specification [EB/OL].http://www.fipa.org/,2002.
[27]Wooldridge M,Jennings N R.Intelligent Agents:Theory and Practice[J].Knowledge Engineering Review,1994,1(2):115-152.
[28]唐宏超.基于Multi-Agent的专卖店网络分销管理系统[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学信息过程学院,2006.
[29]王曰芬,丁晟春等.电子商务网站设计与管理[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2002.
[30]David S.Frankel.应用MDA[M].鲍志云译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2003.
[31]范雪莉等.个性化电子商务网站的研究与实现[J].计算机应用,2002,(6).
[32]李常洪.多Agent合作机制与合作结构研究[硕士学位论文].天津:天津大学管理学院,2002.
[33]陈德军,李婷,周祖德.基于多Agent自动协商的电子商务系统的研究[J].微计算机信息,2007,23:P164-165.
[34]张社华,刘永才,刘德.网上导购系统的一个解决方案[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版), 2002,6:431-435.
[35]凌兴宏,李绪蓉,丁秋林.基于XML的Agent通信语言[J],计算机应用研究,2003,7:P152-154.
[36]FIPA RDF Content Language[R],FIPA Report XC00011A.
[37]FIPA ACL Message Structure Specification[R],FIPA Report XC00061E.
[38]FIPA ACL Message Representation in XML Specification[R],FIPA Report XC00071C
[39]张智,肖卫军.基于SOAP消息的交易市场中介模型[J].现代计算机,2004,(10):P 66-69.
[40]Ken Scribner,Mark C.Stiver.Applied SOAP:Implementing.NET Web Services[M].Amercia:Sams Press,2002:253-268.
[41]王世进,周炳海,陶丽华,奚立峰.Agent通信语言综述[J].计算机工程与应用,2005,21(1):32-37.
[42]Esposito D.构建Web解决方案--应用ASP.NET和ADO.NET[M].梁超译.北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
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