涡旋压缩机防自转机构动力特性的研究
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摘要
涡旋压缩机是一种新型的容积式压缩机,以其效率高、体积小、质量轻、噪音低、结构简单且运转平稳等特点,被广泛应用于空调制冷、动力工程、交通运输等领域。
由于涡旋压缩机被压缩气体的切向力作用,使得两涡旋盘产生相对转动的趋势,公转阻力矩或回转阻力矩由原动机的输入力矩克服,而自转力矩则由内置的防自转机构进行平衡。涡旋压缩机防自转机构是保证压缩机正常运行的关键部件,深入研究防自转机构的结构形式、运动特性及力学特性等,对涡旋压缩机的参数优化设计、降低压缩机的功耗、提高机械效率和运行可靠性具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。
涡旋压缩机的热力学特性是其工作的基础,是影响其结构构造的重要因素。本文首先研究了涡旋压缩机的热力特性,并依据热力学第一定律和物体的质量守恒定律,对涡旋压缩机压缩腔体的热力状态进行分析和探讨。建立了涡旋压缩机的传热模型和泄漏模型,综合考虑吸气、压缩、泄漏、排气等各个因素对压缩机工作过程的影响,建立了基于实际传热模型基础上的涡旋压缩机的数学模型。
动静式涡旋压缩机常见的防自转机构有:十字滑环、滚珠和小曲拐防自转机构。本文分别对这三种防自转机构的机构模型、工作原理、运动方程、力学模型以及采用各防自转机构时,动涡旋盘的力学模型等进行了详细的分析研究。
针对滚珠防自转机构几何尺寸的特性,汽车空调涡旋压缩机通常采用径向柔性机构,对径向随变机构的工作原理及结构形式:偏心套式及偏心滑块式,进行了理论分析和数学建模。
在前人研究的基础上,进一步研究了小曲拐的受力及运动平衡方程,对小曲拐防自转机构采用不同数目小曲拐时防自转机构的动力特性以及对涡旋压缩机动力特性的影响,小曲拐的变形和多个小曲拐的变形协调等,进行了较为详细的研究并建立了相应的数学模型。
Scroll compressor as a new type displacement compressor,possessing characteristics of high efficiencysmall bulk, light weight, low noise, simple structure and working smoothly etc, is widely used in refrigeration and air-conditioning units. The compressed gas tangential force of the scroll compressor,have made two scrolls trend and the anti-rotation relative to the trend. Moment of resistance to rotary torque or the original motive of the input torque to overcome, the built-in anti- rota- tion overcome torque and rotation from mechanism balance. The studay on the dynamic characteristics of the anti-rotation mechanism of Scroll Compressor,guarantee the normal opera tion of the scroll compressor and parameter optimization design is of great practical significance,which is this paper focused on.
Scroll Compressor thermal characteristics is the basis for its work, and impact of the structure of the important factors. In this paper, initially on the thermodynamic characteristics of the scroll compressor, and based on the first law of the modyn-amics and the law of conservation of the quality of objects, mainly on the scroll compressor compression chamber thermal state of a preliminary discussion. The establishment of a scroll compressor heat transfer model,Considered the suction, compressed, leakage, exhaust, and other factors on the process of the compressor.
The structure of several common anti-rotation mechanism of Scroll Compressor: Oldham coupling anti-rotation mechanism and ball-bearing anti-rotation mechanism and small wrist crank anti-rotation mechanism.
This paper analyzed these three anti-rotation of the structure, Campaign model, Stress model, orbiting scroll dynamic model. The mechanical model of spindle orb-iter, as well as the calculation of overturning moment and discover the small wrist crank further on the movement and force balance equation based on previous studies, Analysis the anti-rotation mechanism of different number of the dynamic characteristics, Research on the role and power of the deformation, as well as a number of the deformation.
由于涡旋压缩机被压缩气体的切向力作用,使得两涡旋盘产生相对转动的趋势,公转阻力矩或回转阻力矩由原动机的输入力矩克服,而自转力矩则由内置的防自转机构进行平衡。涡旋压缩机防自转机构是保证压缩机正常运行的关键部件,深入研究防自转机构的结构形式、运动特性及力学特性等,对涡旋压缩机的参数优化设计、降低压缩机的功耗、提高机械效率和运行可靠性具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。
涡旋压缩机的热力学特性是其工作的基础,是影响其结构构造的重要因素。本文首先研究了涡旋压缩机的热力特性,并依据热力学第一定律和物体的质量守恒定律,对涡旋压缩机压缩腔体的热力状态进行分析和探讨。建立了涡旋压缩机的传热模型和泄漏模型,综合考虑吸气、压缩、泄漏、排气等各个因素对压缩机工作过程的影响,建立了基于实际传热模型基础上的涡旋压缩机的数学模型。
动静式涡旋压缩机常见的防自转机构有:十字滑环、滚珠和小曲拐防自转机构。本文分别对这三种防自转机构的机构模型、工作原理、运动方程、力学模型以及采用各防自转机构时,动涡旋盘的力学模型等进行了详细的分析研究。
针对滚珠防自转机构几何尺寸的特性,汽车空调涡旋压缩机通常采用径向柔性机构,对径向随变机构的工作原理及结构形式:偏心套式及偏心滑块式,进行了理论分析和数学建模。
在前人研究的基础上,进一步研究了小曲拐的受力及运动平衡方程,对小曲拐防自转机构采用不同数目小曲拐时防自转机构的动力特性以及对涡旋压缩机动力特性的影响,小曲拐的变形和多个小曲拐的变形协调等,进行了较为详细的研究并建立了相应的数学模型。
Scroll compressor as a new type displacement compressor,possessing characteristics of high efficiencysmall bulk, light weight, low noise, simple structure and working smoothly etc, is widely used in refrigeration and air-conditioning units. The compressed gas tangential force of the scroll compressor,have made two scrolls trend and the anti-rotation relative to the trend. Moment of resistance to rotary torque or the original motive of the input torque to overcome, the built-in anti- rota- tion overcome torque and rotation from mechanism balance. The studay on the dynamic characteristics of the anti-rotation mechanism of Scroll Compressor,guarantee the normal opera tion of the scroll compressor and parameter optimization design is of great practical significance,which is this paper focused on.
Scroll Compressor thermal characteristics is the basis for its work, and impact of the structure of the important factors. In this paper, initially on the thermodynamic characteristics of the scroll compressor, and based on the first law of the modyn-amics and the law of conservation of the quality of objects, mainly on the scroll compressor compression chamber thermal state of a preliminary discussion. The establishment of a scroll compressor heat transfer model,Considered the suction, compressed, leakage, exhaust, and other factors on the process of the compressor.
The structure of several common anti-rotation mechanism of Scroll Compressor: Oldham coupling anti-rotation mechanism and ball-bearing anti-rotation mechanism and small wrist crank anti-rotation mechanism.
This paper analyzed these three anti-rotation of the structure, Campaign model, Stress model, orbiting scroll dynamic model. The mechanical model of spindle orb-iter, as well as the calculation of overturning moment and discover the small wrist crank further on the movement and force balance equation based on previous studies, Analysis the anti-rotation mechanism of different number of the dynamic characteristics, Research on the role and power of the deformation, as well as a number of the deformation.
引文
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[4]Ekelbf,J.Rotary Pump or Compressor[J].U.S.Patent,No.1,906,142,1933
[5]Bennett,J.S.Rotary Fluid Pump or Motor with Intermeshed Spiral Walls[J].U.S.Patent,No.3,817,664,1974
[6]McCullough E.Positive Fluid Displacement Apparatus[J]U.S.Patent,No.3,924,977,1975
[7]Hiraga,M.The Spiral Compressor,An Innovative Air Conditioning Compressor forthe New Generation Automobiles.SAE Paper,No.830540,1983
[8]James A.McGovern,ET al.Real Gas Performance Analysis of a Scroll or Rotary Compressor Using Energy Techniques,94 ICECP,pp193-198
[9]宋立权,陈进,王伟.基于三基圆的涡旋压缩机型线研究.中国机械工程,2005,16(16):1458-146
[10]刘振全,杜桂荣.涡旋压缩机理论机构模型[J].机械工程学报,1999,35(2):38-41
[11]马淑霞.涡旋压缩机的摩擦与润滑研究[D].兰州理工大学硕士学位论文,2007:23-50
[12]Caillit,J.L.A.Compressor Moldel for Scroll Compressors.Proceedings Purdue Compressor conference,1988
[13]刘振全,杜桂荣,欧阳林子.修正后的渐开线型涡旋齿的共辘分析.甘肃工业大学学报,1994,20(3):48-53
[14]王君,刘振全.涡旋压缩机渐开线型线始端多对圆弧修正.北京理工大学学报,2005,25(9):757-760
[15]刘涛,刘振全,海建中.涡旋齿端型线的三角函数类修正几何理论.兰州理工大学学报,2005,31(1):6468
[16]江波,畅云峰,朱杰,工迪生.涡旋式压缩机内部泄漏的流态分析.压缩机技术,1998,148(2):21-23
[17]杨哗,屈宗长.涡旋压缩机泄漏研究综述.流体机械,2003,31(11):23-26
[18]刘兴旺,田玉恒,刘振全.涡旋压缩机轴向间隙中流体在层流流态下的泄漏研究.流体机械,2004,32(7):9-11
[19]柏杰.喷油涡旋式空气压缩机研究,西安交通大学硕士学位论文,1995:23-59
[20]江波.涡旋式压缩机工作特性和型线的研究,西安交通大学博士学位论文,1999:30-35
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