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基于坡向的高原坝区景观格局分析——以元江县为例
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摘要
该研究以云南省元江哈尼族彝族傣族自治县为例,从DEM分析坡向特征入手,在类型级别和景观级别分析元江县基于不同坡向的土地利用类型分布特征。研究针对高原山区城市环境的特殊性提取了高原山区的坝区进行单独研究,突破传统景观格局在城市或者自然环境的研究,在数据上规避了自然环境对城市景观的影响。研究发现元江县城市开发落后,水源利用困难,经济来源仍以农业为主,人民生活简单,但生态破坏率低。文章利用FRAGSTATS、Arc GIS和Excel软件对数据进行处理后,对坝区、景观格局指标选取和误差方面进行深入分析,解释了基于不同坡向下坝区景观格局差异及其与城市开发利用的关系,提出基于高原山区景观格局的山区城市规划和生态保护的建议。
This research analyzed the distribution characteristics of land use in different slope aspect in Yuanjiang county in class level and landscape level which was started from analyze slope aspect characteristics use DEM,was a case of Yuanjiang Hani,Yi and Dai autonomous county in Yunnan. This study extracted intermontane basin of plateau mountain area from whole county to research solely,contraposed the particularity of the city environment in plateau mountain area. This way broke through the landscape research in city or natural environment,and can avoid the impact on city landscape from natural environment on data aspect.This research discovered that urban development was behindhand,the utilization of water was difficult,the economic source was agriculture as the principal,people's life was simple but ecological damage rate was low. This paper processed data use FRAGSTATS,Arc GIS and Excel firstly,then analyzed the choise in landscape pattern index and data error deeply. Finally,explained the difference of landscape in intermontane basin based on different slope aspect and the relationship with urban development and utilization and proposed suggestions for city planning and ecological protection in intermontane basin.
引文
[1]云南省人民政府.云南年鉴[J].昆明:云南年鉴社,2014
    [2]卢玲,李新,程国栋.黑河流域景观结构分析[J].生态学报,2001,2(8):1217-1224
    [3]Kevin Mc Garigal.FRAGSTATS HELP[R].Amherst:University of Massachusetts Landscape Ecology Lab,2015
    [4]卢玲.黑河流域景观结构与景观变化研究[D].北京:中国科学院,2010
    [5]刘茂松,张明娟.景观生态学——原理与方法[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004:63

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