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基于咖啡渣磷氧共掺杂碳材料的超电容性能研究
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摘要
本实验以磷酸为活化剂和磷源、以废弃物咖啡渣为碳前驱体~([1])通过改变磷酸的浸渍比制备了一系列含磷的碳材料(PCs),并考察了将其用作超级电容器电极材料的电化学性能。孔结构测试和XPS结果表明,活化过程不但形成了微/介孔结构而且在碳材料的表面引入了大量的磷、氧官能团。在1 M H_2SO_4电解液中的电化学测试表明,含磷较多的PC-2碳材料(磷酸浸渍比为2)在5Ag~(-1)的电流密度和1.5V的电位窗口下性能比较稳定,在经过连续的10000次循环后比电容保持率可达82%。由于较宽的电位窗口,PC-2组装的电容器在75 W kg~(-1)的功率密度下具有15 Wh kg~(-1)的能量密度。电位操作窗口远远高于常规电压窗口(0~1.0V)可能是由于碳材料的孔结构中存在可逆性的电化学储氢和表面含磷官能团对氧化反应的抑制作用造成的~([2])。此外,以优化后的碳材料批量制备了模拟超级电容器单元(20 cm×10 cm),并初步测试了电容器单元组的电化学性能。
In our study,phosphorus-rich carbons(PCs) were prepared by phosphoric acid activation of waste coffee grounds in different impregnation ratios.The porous structure and XPS results indicate that the activation step not only creates a porous structure,but also introduces various phosphorus and oxygen functional groups to the surface of carbons.As evidenced by the electrochemical test,a supercapacitor constructed from PC-2(impregnation ratio of 2),with the highest phosphorus content,can operate very stably in 1 M H_2SO_4 at 1.5 V with a retention ratio of82%after 10000 cycles at a current density of 5 A g~(-1).In addition,using the optimized carbon as the electrode material,a batch of simulation capacitor cells(20 cm×10 cm) were prepared and preliminary tested the capacitive performance.
引文
[1]Huang,C.;Sun,T.;;Hulicova-Jurcakova,D.ChemSusChem.2013,6(12):2330.
    [2]Huang,C,Puziy,A,Sun T,Poddubnaya,O.Electrochim.Acta,2014,137:219

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