纳米材料修复铬污染土壤的研究进展
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摘要
随着城市工业化的快速发展,环境问题日趋严重,土壤污染状况不容乐观。铬盐作为重要的工业原料,用于各种产品的生产工艺中,但是却带来了严重的铬污染。因此,许多国家的研究学者已经进行了大量的工作,探索有效的修复铬污染土壤的方法,而纳米材料因其独特的结构、良好的性能逐渐成为研究热点。本文主要根据纳米材料的分类:纳米零价金属材料、碳质纳米材料、纳米金属氧(硫)化物、纳米半导体材料、纳米型粘土矿物、纳米型聚合物等六大类,分别概述了目前国内外利用各种纳米修复剂进行铬污染土壤修复的研究成果和现状。文献调研与分析表明,目前用于修复土壤铬污染的修复剂主要以纳米零价金属材料与纳米金属氧(硫)化物为主,而其他纳米材料使用的相对较少。最后,总结了纳米材料修复铬污染土壤的特点、优势及不足之处,并对未来的发展和应用前景作了展望,以期为今后的研究工作提供思路。
引文
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