津巴布韦哈特利(Hartley)铂矿床地质特征及成因
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摘要
文章对产于津巴布韦大岩墙内的哈特利(Hartley)铂矿床的地质特征和成因进行研究。津巴布韦大岩墙于新太古代侵入,在津巴布韦克拉通内形成南北段次级岩浆房格局。哈特利铂矿的铂族元素主要分布在杂岩体的中下部,与硫化物密切相关,主要含矿矿物为铋、碲矿物。在岩浆侵位的过程中发生结晶分异,形成了铂族元素和硫化物的垂向分带。哈特利矿床与中国金川等铂族元素矿床相比,其成岩成矿时代早,矿床特征、成矿元素组合方面均有明显不同。
In the paper are studied geological characteristics and genesis of Hartley platinum deposit in the Great Dyke,Zimbabwe.The dyke intruded in Zimbabwe craton in Late Archean and is divided into the north and south subchambers.PGE of the deposit is mainly distributed in the middle and lower part of the Hartley complex and closely related to the sulfide.Bismuth,tellurium minerals are the main ore mineral.During emplacement crystallization differentiation resulted in vertical zoning of PGE and sulfides.Compared with Jinchuan ore deposit in China Hartley platinum deposit is quite different in aspects of age,geological characteristics and ore-forming element combination.
In the paper are studied geological characteristics and genesis of Hartley platinum deposit in the Great Dyke,Zimbabwe.The dyke intruded in Zimbabwe craton in Late Archean and is divided into the north and south subchambers.PGE of the deposit is mainly distributed in the middle and lower part of the Hartley complex and closely related to the sulfide.Bismuth,tellurium minerals are the main ore mineral.During emplacement crystallization differentiation resulted in vertical zoning of PGE and sulfides.Compared with Jinchuan ore deposit in China Hartley platinum deposit is quite different in aspects of age,geological characteristics and ore-forming element combination.
引文
[1]赵声贵,陈元初.津巴布韦大岩墙铂族金属资源开发现状[J].贵金属,2011,32(1):1-4.
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[3]张维,吴延之,朱谷昌.津巴布韦霍普维尔地区铂钯矿床特征及成因分析[J].地质学刊,2010,34(3):244-250.
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[14]徐刚.金川铜镍矿床铂族元素研究[D].西安:长安大学,2010.
[15]范育新,张铭杰.超大型铜镍硫化物矿床研究进展[J].甘肃地质学报,1999,8(2):1-6.
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[20]Naldrett A J,李朋.层理侵入体中铂族元素富集模式[J].地质地球化学,1991(6):2-8.
[21]张明云,苏俊亮,孙国锋.津巴布韦大岩墙Darwendale次岩浆房铂族元素成矿分布和成矿机制探讨[J].资源调查与环境,2007,28(4):1-5.
[22]汤中立.超大型岩浆硫化物矿床的类型及地质对比意义[J].甘肃地质学报,1992,1(1):1-12.
[23]汤中立,李文渊.金川铜镍硫化物(含铂)矿床成矿模式及地质对比[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.
[24]汤中立.超大型Ni-Cu(Pt)岩浆矿床的划分与找矿[J].地质与勘探,2002,38(3):2-6.
[25]谭娟娟,朱永峰.布什维尔德铂族元素矿床:铂族矿物赋存状态及其成因[J].地学前缘,2009,16(2):1-10.
[26]高辉,王安建,曹殿华,等.布什维尔德杂岩体Platreef矿床与金川铜镍硫化矿床微量元素地球化学特征对比及其意义[J].中国地质,2009,36(2):5-20.
[27]聂凤军,辛洪波,张伟波,等.加拿大萨德伯里超大型镍-铜-铂族元素矿床[J].矿床地质,2013,32(1):217-220.
[28]李文渊.岩浆Cu-Ni-PGE矿床研究现状及发展趋势[J].西北地质,2007,40(2):2-18.
[29]要梅娟.南非布什维尔德铂族矿床中铂族金属富集机理研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2012.
[2]曲红军,窦伟,李科,等.津巴布韦地质背景与优势矿产简介[J].四川地质学报,2012,32:231-237.
[3]张维,吴延之,朱谷昌.津巴布韦霍普维尔地区铂钯矿床特征及成因分析[J].地质学刊,2010,34(3):244-250.
[4]Wilson A H,Prendergast M D.Platinum-Group Element Mineralisation in the Great Dyke,Zimbabwe,and its Relationship to Magma Evolution and Magma Chamber Structure[J].South African Journal of Geology,2001,104:319-342.
[5]Naldrett A J,Wilson A H.Horizontal and vertical variations in noble metals in the Great Dyke of Zimbabwe:a model for the origin of PGE mineralization by fractional seggregation[J].Chem.Geol.,1990,88:279-300.
[6]Wilson A H,Tredoux M.Lateral and vertical distribution of the platinum group elements,and petrogenetic controls on the sulphide mineralisation,in the P 1 Pyroxenite layer of the Darwendale Subchamber of the Great Dyke,Zimbabwe[J].Econ.Geol.,1990,85:556-584.
[7]Wilson A H,Naldrett A J,Tredoux M.Distribution and controls of platinum-group element and base metal mineralization in the Darwendale subchamber of the Great Dyke,Zimbabwe[J].Geology,1989,17:649-652.
[8]Brown R T.Hartley Platinum Mine geology and grade control[C]∥Prendergast M D(compiler)8th Int Platinum Symp,23-28,Rustenburg,South Africa.Guideb Excursion Great Dyke of Zimbabwe,1998:16-18.
[9]Brown R T.An overview of the geology and mining at BHP Hartley Platinum Mine,Great Dyke,Zimbabwe[J].BHP Hartley Platinum Mine Visitors Guide,1998:1-34.
[10]Oberthür T,Weiserl T W.Geochemistry and mineralogy of platinum-group elements at Hartley Platinum Mine,Zimbabwe[J].Miner Deposita,2003,38:327-343.
[11]Armstrong R,Wilson A H.A SHRIMP U-Pb study of zircons from the layered sequence of the Great Dyke,Zimbabwe,and a granitoid anatectic dyke[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2000,180(1/2):1-12.
[12]Wingate M T D.Ion microprobe U-Pb zircon and baddeleyite ages for the Great Dyke and its satellite dykes,Zimbabwe[J].South African Journal of Geology,2000,103(1):74.
[13]Oberthür T,Davis D W,Blenkinsop T G,et al.Precise UPb mineral ages,Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd systematics for the Great Dyke,Zimbabwe-constraints on late Archean events in the Zimbabwe carton and Limpopo belt[J].Precambrian Research,2002,113(3/4):293-305.
[14]徐刚.金川铜镍矿床铂族元素研究[D].西安:长安大学,2010.
[15]范育新,张铭杰.超大型铜镍硫化物矿床研究进展[J].甘肃地质学报,1999,8(2):1-6.
[16]Prendergast M D.An investigation of the stratigraphy and petrology of the Pyroxenite No.1layer of the Great Dyke,Zimbabwe,with special reference to the characteristic features and origin of the platinum-group element-bearing Main Sulfide Zone[D].PhD Thesis,University of Zimbabwe,1998.
[17]Prendergast M D.The geology and economic potential of the PGE-rich Main Sulfide Zone of the Great Dyke,Zimbabwe[C]∥Prichard H M,Potts P J,Bowles J F W,et al.Proc.Symp.Geo-Platinum1987,87,22-23,Milton Keynes.Elsevier,London,1988:281-302.
[18]Prendergast M D.Platinum-group minerals and hydrosilicate'alteration'in the Wedza-Mimosa Platinum Deposit,Great Dyke,Zimbabwe-genetic and metallurgical implications[J].Trans.Inst.Mining Metall Sect.B Appl.Earth Sci.,1990,99:91-105.
[19]胡素芳,周新华.镁铁-超镁铁层状侵入体研究现状[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2001,20(1):1-5.
[20]Naldrett A J,李朋.层理侵入体中铂族元素富集模式[J].地质地球化学,1991(6):2-8.
[21]张明云,苏俊亮,孙国锋.津巴布韦大岩墙Darwendale次岩浆房铂族元素成矿分布和成矿机制探讨[J].资源调查与环境,2007,28(4):1-5.
[22]汤中立.超大型岩浆硫化物矿床的类型及地质对比意义[J].甘肃地质学报,1992,1(1):1-12.
[23]汤中立,李文渊.金川铜镍硫化物(含铂)矿床成矿模式及地质对比[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.
[24]汤中立.超大型Ni-Cu(Pt)岩浆矿床的划分与找矿[J].地质与勘探,2002,38(3):2-6.
[25]谭娟娟,朱永峰.布什维尔德铂族元素矿床:铂族矿物赋存状态及其成因[J].地学前缘,2009,16(2):1-10.
[26]高辉,王安建,曹殿华,等.布什维尔德杂岩体Platreef矿床与金川铜镍硫化矿床微量元素地球化学特征对比及其意义[J].中国地质,2009,36(2):5-20.
[27]聂凤军,辛洪波,张伟波,等.加拿大萨德伯里超大型镍-铜-铂族元素矿床[J].矿床地质,2013,32(1):217-220.
[28]李文渊.岩浆Cu-Ni-PGE矿床研究现状及发展趋势[J].西北地质,2007,40(2):2-18.
[29]要梅娟.南非布什维尔德铂族矿床中铂族金属富集机理研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2012.
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