考虑分形特征的岩心扫描图像合理分割方法
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摘要
考虑岩石的孔隙度和孔隙结构的分形特征的关系,结合图像分割Otsu算法,提出Otsu算法的分形校正算法。首先对三种砂岩岩心的扫描图像进行处理,得到结果与实验结果进行对比,发现分形校正算法能够大大提高图像分割的准确度;此外对致密性气藏岩心和页岩岩心进行处理,分形校正算法的结果同样更接近实验值。由于实验得到为岩心的有效孔隙度,因此比计算值偏小。对于实验难以测量孔隙度的岩心,可以采用Otsu分形校正算法对扫描图像进行处理,得到其孔隙度。
Combining the image segmentation method of Otsu,the Otsu fractal correction algorithm is proposed,based on the relationship between porosity and the fractal characters of the pore structure. At first,the results of three kinds of sandstone cores scanned images are compared with experimental results. The accuracy of image segmentation is highly enhanced with the usage of Otsu fractal correction algorithm. Besides,the results of the correction algorithm,which are obtained by processing the images of tight sandstone and shale core,are more close to the experimental values,albeit bigger,which is due to the fact that the results of the experiments are the effective porosities. In conclusion,the Otsu fractal correction algorithm could be utilized to calculate the porosity through processing the scanned images of cores which are difficult to be measured by experiments.
Combining the image segmentation method of Otsu,the Otsu fractal correction algorithm is proposed,based on the relationship between porosity and the fractal characters of the pore structure. At first,the results of three kinds of sandstone cores scanned images are compared with experimental results. The accuracy of image segmentation is highly enhanced with the usage of Otsu fractal correction algorithm. Besides,the results of the correction algorithm,which are obtained by processing the images of tight sandstone and shale core,are more close to the experimental values,albeit bigger,which is due to the fact that the results of the experiments are the effective porosities. In conclusion,the Otsu fractal correction algorithm could be utilized to calculate the porosity through processing the scanned images of cores which are difficult to be measured by experiments.
引文
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2 Kittler J,Illing worth J,Foglein J.Threshold selection based on a simple image static.Computer Vision,Graphics and Image Procession,1985;30:125—147
3 Otsu N.A threshold selection method from gray-level histogram.IEEE Trans,1979;9(1):62—66
4 赵秀才,姚军,房克荣.合理分割岩心微观结构图像的新方法.中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009;33(1):64—72Zhao Xiucai,Yao Jun,Fang Kerong.A new reasonable segmentation method for microstructure image of reservoir rock.Journal of the University of Petroleum,China(Edition of Natural Science),2009;33(1):64—72
5 Krohn C E,Thompson A H.Fractal sandstone pores:automated measurements using scanning-electron-microscope images.Physical Review B,1986;33(9):6366—6374
6 赵明,郁伯铭.数字岩心孔隙结构的分形表征及渗透率预测.重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2011;34(4):88—94Zhao Ming,Yu Boming.The fractal characterization of pore structure for some numerical rocks and prediction of permeabilities.Journal of Chongqing University(Edition of Natural Science),2011;34(4):88 —94
7 Mandelbrot Benoit B.The fractal geometry of nature.Macmillan:W.H.Freeman and Company,1983
8 Katz A J,Thompson A H.Fractal sandstone pores:implications for conductivity and pore formation.Physical Review Letters,1985;54(12):1325—1328
9 徐沥泉.分形几何在自然科学中的应用.自然杂志,2012;34(1):48—53Xu Liquan.A review on applications of fractal geometry to natural sciences.Chinese Journal of Nature,2012;34(1):48—53
10 郁伯铭.多孔介质输运性质的分形分析研究进展.力学进展,2003;33(3):333—346Yu Boming.Advance of fractal analysis of transport properties for porous media.Advances in Mechanics,2003;33(3):333—346
11 郁伯铭,姚凯伦.多孔介质中的分形与输运.物理,1994;23(5):281—284Yu Boming,Yao Kailun.Fractal and transport in porous media.Physics,1994;23(5):281—284
12 杨彦从,彭瑞东,周宏伟.三维空间数字图像的分形维数计算方法.中国矿业大学学报,2009;38(2):251—258Yang Yancong,Peng Ruidong,Zhou Hongwei.Computation of fractal dimension for digital image in a 3-D space.Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2009;38(2):251—258
13 Yu Boming,Li Jianhua.Some fractal characters of porous media.World Scientific Publishing Company,2001;9(3):365—372
14 姚军,赵秀才.数字岩心及孔隙级渗流模拟理论.北京:石油工业出版社,2010Yao Jun,Zhao Xiucai.Digital core and porescale simulation the yor.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2010
15 彭瑞东,杨彦从,鞠杨,等.基于灰度CT图像的岩石孔隙分形维数计算.科学通报,2011;56(26):2256—2266Peng Ruidong,Yang Yancong,Ju Yang,et al.Computation of fractal dimension of rock pores based on gray CT images.Chinese Science Bulltin,2011;56(26):2256—2266
2 Kittler J,Illing worth J,Foglein J.Threshold selection based on a simple image static.Computer Vision,Graphics and Image Procession,1985;30:125—147
3 Otsu N.A threshold selection method from gray-level histogram.IEEE Trans,1979;9(1):62—66
4 赵秀才,姚军,房克荣.合理分割岩心微观结构图像的新方法.中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009;33(1):64—72Zhao Xiucai,Yao Jun,Fang Kerong.A new reasonable segmentation method for microstructure image of reservoir rock.Journal of the University of Petroleum,China(Edition of Natural Science),2009;33(1):64—72
5 Krohn C E,Thompson A H.Fractal sandstone pores:automated measurements using scanning-electron-microscope images.Physical Review B,1986;33(9):6366—6374
6 赵明,郁伯铭.数字岩心孔隙结构的分形表征及渗透率预测.重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2011;34(4):88—94Zhao Ming,Yu Boming.The fractal characterization of pore structure for some numerical rocks and prediction of permeabilities.Journal of Chongqing University(Edition of Natural Science),2011;34(4):88 —94
7 Mandelbrot Benoit B.The fractal geometry of nature.Macmillan:W.H.Freeman and Company,1983
8 Katz A J,Thompson A H.Fractal sandstone pores:implications for conductivity and pore formation.Physical Review Letters,1985;54(12):1325—1328
9 徐沥泉.分形几何在自然科学中的应用.自然杂志,2012;34(1):48—53Xu Liquan.A review on applications of fractal geometry to natural sciences.Chinese Journal of Nature,2012;34(1):48—53
10 郁伯铭.多孔介质输运性质的分形分析研究进展.力学进展,2003;33(3):333—346Yu Boming.Advance of fractal analysis of transport properties for porous media.Advances in Mechanics,2003;33(3):333—346
11 郁伯铭,姚凯伦.多孔介质中的分形与输运.物理,1994;23(5):281—284Yu Boming,Yao Kailun.Fractal and transport in porous media.Physics,1994;23(5):281—284
12 杨彦从,彭瑞东,周宏伟.三维空间数字图像的分形维数计算方法.中国矿业大学学报,2009;38(2):251—258Yang Yancong,Peng Ruidong,Zhou Hongwei.Computation of fractal dimension for digital image in a 3-D space.Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2009;38(2):251—258
13 Yu Boming,Li Jianhua.Some fractal characters of porous media.World Scientific Publishing Company,2001;9(3):365—372
14 姚军,赵秀才.数字岩心及孔隙级渗流模拟理论.北京:石油工业出版社,2010Yao Jun,Zhao Xiucai.Digital core and porescale simulation the yor.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2010
15 彭瑞东,杨彦从,鞠杨,等.基于灰度CT图像的岩石孔隙分形维数计算.科学通报,2011;56(26):2256—2266Peng Ruidong,Yang Yancong,Ju Yang,et al.Computation of fractal dimension of rock pores based on gray CT images.Chinese Science Bulltin,2011;56(26):2256—2266
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