三维花状Ni(OH)_2/CNT纳米复合材料制备及NO_x气敏性能研究
|
摘要
为了制备室温下对NOx气敏性能优异的纳米材料,本文采用简单的一步回流法制备出呈三维花状的Ni(OH)2/碳纳米管(CNT)纳米复合材料。分别采用XRD、SEM、TEM等表征手段研究了复合材料的形貌和结构。结果表明:三维花状结构是由Ni(OH)2纳米薄片层层堆叠组装起来的,CNT很好的嵌入在花状结构内。该材料在室温条件下对NOx有较好的气敏性能,当CNT的加入量为20 mg时,对于97 ppm NOx气体响应最快为8 s,灵敏度可达到24%,最低检测限为0.97 ppm。对其气敏机理进行研究发现,CNT的加入,有利于提高该复合材料的导电性能和气体的传输能力。该复合材料具有3D结构和独特的化学组成有望在气敏器件、催化等领域得到广泛的应用。
To synthesize nanomaterial with good NOxsersor ability at room temperature,three-dimensional(3D) flowerlike Ni(OH)2/CNT nanocomposites were synthesized by one-step reflux method in this paper. The morphology and characteristics of material were studied by XRD,SEM,TEM. The results show that the 3D flower-like nanostructures are actually composed of thin nanosheets,carbon nanotubes embedded in a flower structure. The material has good gas sensing response to NOxat room temperature.The sample with 20 mg CNT has the fastest response and the highest sensitivity to 97 ppm NOx,while the response time is 8 s and sensitivity is 24%,and its limit level is 0. 97 ppm. The result of gas mechanism study shows that the additions of CNT increase the composites conductivity and gas transmission capacity.The nanocomposites with 3D structures and a unique chemical composition have significant implications for the practical application of gas sensors and catalysis.
To synthesize nanomaterial with good NOxsersor ability at room temperature,three-dimensional(3D) flowerlike Ni(OH)2/CNT nanocomposites were synthesized by one-step reflux method in this paper. The morphology and characteristics of material were studied by XRD,SEM,TEM. The results show that the 3D flower-like nanostructures are actually composed of thin nanosheets,carbon nanotubes embedded in a flower structure. The material has good gas sensing response to NOxat room temperature.The sample with 20 mg CNT has the fastest response and the highest sensitivity to 97 ppm NOx,while the response time is 8 s and sensitivity is 24%,and its limit level is 0. 97 ppm. The result of gas mechanism study shows that the additions of CNT increase the composites conductivity and gas transmission capacity.The nanocomposites with 3D structures and a unique chemical composition have significant implications for the practical application of gas sensors and catalysis.
引文
[1]张转芳,殷广明,杨颖.Cu2O/MWCNTs的制备、机理及气敏性研究[J].人工晶体学报,2013,42(2):351-354.Zhang Z F,Yin G M,Yang Y.Preparation,Mechanism and Gas Sensor Properties of Cu2O/MWCNTs Nano-composites[J].J.SyntheticCrystals,2013,42(2):351-354(in Chinese).
[2]柴丽雅,刘松莹,杨颖,等.氧化石墨烯与氧化锌复合材料的制备及室温NOx气敏性能研究[J].人工晶体学报,2013,42(8):1611-1615.Chai L Y,Liu S Y,Yang Y,et al.Synthesis and NOxGas Sensitivity at Room Temperature of Graphene Oxide and ZnO Composites[J].J.Synthetic Crystals,2013,42(8):1611-1615(in Chinese).
[3]Dominik E.Carbon Nanotube-Inorganic Hybrids[J].Chem.Rev.,2010,110(3):1348-1385.
[4]Deep J,Vinod K S,Mark C H,et al.Carbon Nanomaterials for Electronics,Optoelectronics,Photovoltaics,and Sensing[J].Chem.Soc.Rev.,2013,42(7):2824-2860.
[5]Tan C W,Tan K H,Ong Y T.Energy and Environmental Applications of Carbon Nanotubes[J].Environ Chem Lett,2012,10(3):265-273.
[6]Wang H L,Hernan S C,Dai H J,et al.Ni(OH)2Nanoplates Grown on Graphene as Advanced Electrochemical Pseudocapacitor Materials[J].J Am Chem Soc,2010,132(21):7472-7477.
[7]Lu Z Y,Chang Z,Sun X M,et al.Beta-phased Ni(OH)2Nanowall Film with Reversible Capacitance Higher than Theoretical Faradic Capacitance[J].J Phys Chem C,2008,112:2244-2247.
[8]杨颖,杨丽雪,葛云龙,等.Ni/NiO纳米复合材料的制备及其室温下NOx气敏性研究[J].人工晶体学报,2013,42(5):923-926.Yang Y,Yang L X,Ge Y L,et al.Preparation and Gas Sensing Properties to NOxat Room Temperature of Ni/NiO Nanocomposites[J].J.Synthetic Crystals,2013,42(5):923-926(in Chinese).
[9]Cao M H,He X Y,Hu C W,et al.Self-assembled Nickel Hydroxide Three-dimensional Nanostructures:a Nanomaterial for Alkaline Rechargeable Batteries[J].Cryst Growth Des,2007,7(1):170-174.
[10]Jeevanandam P,Koltypin Y,Gedanken A,et al.Synthesis of Nanosizedα-nickel Hydroxide by a Sonochemical Method[J].Nano Lett,2001,1(5):263-266.
[11]Luo Y Y,Li G H,Zhang L D,et al.One-step Synthesis of Sphericalα-Ni(OH)2Nanoarchitectures[J].Nanotechnology,2006,17(16):4278-4283.
[12]Kiani M A,Mousavi M F,Ghasemi S,et al.Size Effect Investigation on Battery Performance:Comparison between Micro-and Nano-particles ofβ-Ni(OH)2as Nickel Battery Cathode Material[J].J Power Sources,2010,195(17):5794-5800.
[13]Jeong H Y,Lee D S,Choi H K,et al.Flexible Room-temperature NO2Gas Sensors Based on Carbon Nanotubes/Reduced Graphene Hybrid Films[J].Appl Phys Lett,2010,96(21):213105-213107.
[2]柴丽雅,刘松莹,杨颖,等.氧化石墨烯与氧化锌复合材料的制备及室温NOx气敏性能研究[J].人工晶体学报,2013,42(8):1611-1615.Chai L Y,Liu S Y,Yang Y,et al.Synthesis and NOxGas Sensitivity at Room Temperature of Graphene Oxide and ZnO Composites[J].J.Synthetic Crystals,2013,42(8):1611-1615(in Chinese).
[3]Dominik E.Carbon Nanotube-Inorganic Hybrids[J].Chem.Rev.,2010,110(3):1348-1385.
[4]Deep J,Vinod K S,Mark C H,et al.Carbon Nanomaterials for Electronics,Optoelectronics,Photovoltaics,and Sensing[J].Chem.Soc.Rev.,2013,42(7):2824-2860.
[5]Tan C W,Tan K H,Ong Y T.Energy and Environmental Applications of Carbon Nanotubes[J].Environ Chem Lett,2012,10(3):265-273.
[6]Wang H L,Hernan S C,Dai H J,et al.Ni(OH)2Nanoplates Grown on Graphene as Advanced Electrochemical Pseudocapacitor Materials[J].J Am Chem Soc,2010,132(21):7472-7477.
[7]Lu Z Y,Chang Z,Sun X M,et al.Beta-phased Ni(OH)2Nanowall Film with Reversible Capacitance Higher than Theoretical Faradic Capacitance[J].J Phys Chem C,2008,112:2244-2247.
[8]杨颖,杨丽雪,葛云龙,等.Ni/NiO纳米复合材料的制备及其室温下NOx气敏性研究[J].人工晶体学报,2013,42(5):923-926.Yang Y,Yang L X,Ge Y L,et al.Preparation and Gas Sensing Properties to NOxat Room Temperature of Ni/NiO Nanocomposites[J].J.Synthetic Crystals,2013,42(5):923-926(in Chinese).
[9]Cao M H,He X Y,Hu C W,et al.Self-assembled Nickel Hydroxide Three-dimensional Nanostructures:a Nanomaterial for Alkaline Rechargeable Batteries[J].Cryst Growth Des,2007,7(1):170-174.
[10]Jeevanandam P,Koltypin Y,Gedanken A,et al.Synthesis of Nanosizedα-nickel Hydroxide by a Sonochemical Method[J].Nano Lett,2001,1(5):263-266.
[11]Luo Y Y,Li G H,Zhang L D,et al.One-step Synthesis of Sphericalα-Ni(OH)2Nanoarchitectures[J].Nanotechnology,2006,17(16):4278-4283.
[12]Kiani M A,Mousavi M F,Ghasemi S,et al.Size Effect Investigation on Battery Performance:Comparison between Micro-and Nano-particles ofβ-Ni(OH)2as Nickel Battery Cathode Material[J].J Power Sources,2010,195(17):5794-5800.
[13]Jeong H Y,Lee D S,Choi H K,et al.Flexible Room-temperature NO2Gas Sensors Based on Carbon Nanotubes/Reduced Graphene Hybrid Films[J].Appl Phys Lett,2010,96(21):213105-213107.