高铁车辆的侧风扰动安全性探讨
|
摘要
从控制高铁运用安全风险角度出发,根据轨道车辆行业惯例,将曲线横风作为准静态风荷验证工况,按照强制性技术要求,把直线或大曲线通过车轮减载率控制在0.6以内.随着大超高曲线通过车速的提高,车体抗倾覆能力不断降低,特别是400 km/h轨道检测列车,在曲线横风下高速运行非常危险.根据诸如高架线路等具体情况,尽快给出风荷特性曲线以指导高铁运用安全监管.同时,也应当采用诸如风洞或水箱等先进试验手段,着重研究横向风荷的非稳态摄动影响,如隧道通过空气压力波动,以及驶离隧道时尾流扰动等,为解决高速列车稳定鲁棒性问题提供先决条件.
From the safety risk control viewpoint of High-Speed Railway(HSR) practices,by customary rules of rolling stocks manufacture,the crosswinds in curving should be the qusi-static conditions of wind load validation,which is the mandatory technical requirements,for example,wheel unloading rates have to be lower than 0.6 on tangent or curves with large radii.With the velocity being increased in the high superelevation curving negotiations,anti-overturned capabilities of carbodies is therefore decreased more and more.Especially for 400 km/h track-inspection train,high-speed running is very danger under the crosswind disturbances in curving.According to the Chinese HSR particular cases,i.e.the elevated lines,the Characteristic Wind Curve(CWC) should be proposed as soon as possible to instruct the safety supervision regulations for HSRS running.Meanwhile,applying by using the advanced measuring instruments,such as wind tunnel and water tank,the non-steady perturbances of lateral wind loads are emphasized to be studied carfully,for example,the pressure fluctuations in tunnel running and the wake flows when getting out tunnel,which are the pre-requisites to solve the stability robustness of high-speed trains.
From the safety risk control viewpoint of High-Speed Railway(HSR) practices,by customary rules of rolling stocks manufacture,the crosswinds in curving should be the qusi-static conditions of wind load validation,which is the mandatory technical requirements,for example,wheel unloading rates have to be lower than 0.6 on tangent or curves with large radii.With the velocity being increased in the high superelevation curving negotiations,anti-overturned capabilities of carbodies is therefore decreased more and more.Especially for 400 km/h track-inspection train,high-speed running is very danger under the crosswind disturbances in curving.According to the Chinese HSR particular cases,i.e.the elevated lines,the Characteristic Wind Curve(CWC) should be proposed as soon as possible to instruct the safety supervision regulations for HSRS running.Meanwhile,applying by using the advanced measuring instruments,such as wind tunnel and water tank,the non-steady perturbances of lateral wind loads are emphasized to be studied carfully,for example,the pressure fluctuations in tunnel running and the wake flows when getting out tunnel,which are the pre-requisites to solve the stability robustness of high-speed trains.
引文
[1]ANTONIO C.Improved Methodologies for The Analysis ofThe Crosswind Stability of Railway Vehicles[C].BBAAVI International Colloquium on:uff Bodies Aerodynamics&Applications,CIRIVE,Milano,2008.
[2]ITO M.Improvement to the aerodynamic characteristics ofShinkansen rolling stock[J].Journal of Rail and RapidTransit,2000,214(3):135-143.
[3]崔涛,张卫华.基于姿态变化的列车侧风安全性研究的新方法[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(10):143-146,512.
[4]NICHOLAS W,ROHERT F,MATHEW M,et al.Assess-ment of safety against derailment using simulations andvehicle acceptance tests:a worldwide comparision ofstate-of-art assessment methods[J].Vehicle System Dy-namics,2009,49(7):1113-1157.
[5]PIAO M W,LIANG S L,FANG Z G,et al.High-speedBogie Non-linearities and High-Speed Rolling Stock Safe-ty Stability Margin[J].China Railway Science,2011,23(3):86-92.
[6]ALFI S,BRUNI S,RIPAMONTI F,et al.DYNAMICS ofA High Speed Railway Vehicle-Stability,Curving Per-formances and Crosswing Effects[EB/OL].//http://www.dist.unina.it/proc/2007/AIMETA_18/MAC-CHINE/MA12-5.pdf.
[7]JOSEPH A S.列车动气动力学[J].力学进展,2003,33(3):404-423.
[8]ALFI S,DIANA G,ROCCHI D,et al.Train-bridge-windinteraction of the Messina bridge[C]//ICWE13(13thInternational Conference on Wind Engineering),Amster-dam,the Netherlands,2011.
[2]ITO M.Improvement to the aerodynamic characteristics ofShinkansen rolling stock[J].Journal of Rail and RapidTransit,2000,214(3):135-143.
[3]崔涛,张卫华.基于姿态变化的列车侧风安全性研究的新方法[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(10):143-146,512.
[4]NICHOLAS W,ROHERT F,MATHEW M,et al.Assess-ment of safety against derailment using simulations andvehicle acceptance tests:a worldwide comparision ofstate-of-art assessment methods[J].Vehicle System Dy-namics,2009,49(7):1113-1157.
[5]PIAO M W,LIANG S L,FANG Z G,et al.High-speedBogie Non-linearities and High-Speed Rolling Stock Safe-ty Stability Margin[J].China Railway Science,2011,23(3):86-92.
[6]ALFI S,BRUNI S,RIPAMONTI F,et al.DYNAMICS ofA High Speed Railway Vehicle-Stability,Curving Per-formances and Crosswing Effects[EB/OL].//http://www.dist.unina.it/proc/2007/AIMETA_18/MAC-CHINE/MA12-5.pdf.
[7]JOSEPH A S.列车动气动力学[J].力学进展,2003,33(3):404-423.
[8]ALFI S,DIANA G,ROCCHI D,et al.Train-bridge-windinteraction of the Messina bridge[C]//ICWE13(13thInternational Conference on Wind Engineering),Amster-dam,the Netherlands,2011.