基于拓扑优化方法的船体支柱布局优化设计
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摘要
船体支柱的布局影响到船舶功能性舱室的布置及相应的结构设计,而目前支柱布局多依赖母型船或者工程师设计经验,缺少基于数学优化的技术支撑。变密度的拓扑优化方法可将属于离散变量优化的支柱布局问题转化为连续变量优化问题。通过悬臂梁—支柱结构的算例,验证了该方法用于解决支柱布局优化问题的可行性。针对某型VLCC的支柱—大跨度甲板结构的支柱布局优化问题,根据布置限制条件设定了支柱优化设计域,选择了两种不同的优化目标函数进行支柱的布局优化设计,最后对优化结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,本方法具有较好的可行性,无需过多设计经验即可优化得到结构性能较好的支柱布局方案,可为此类的支柱布局优化设计提供技术支撑。
The layout of ship pillars has a direct influence on the general arrangement of the functional cabins and the related structural design. Nowadays the layout is mostly dependent on the design of the parent ship or the design experience of engineers,with lack of mathematical optimization method. The topology optimization based on variable density method can transform the layout problem of pillar which belongs to discrete variable optimization into a continuous variable optimization problem,and the feasibility of this method for solving the optimization problem of pillar layout is verified by an example of cantilever beam-pillar structure. For the problem about optimal arrangement of pillar-long-span deck structure,design domain is set up depending on the design limitations,and two different optimization objective functions are selected. Finally the optimization results are compared and analyzed to show the feasibility of the method. With the implementation of the method,the layout of ship pillars with better structural performance can be designed without much design experience,showing that the method can provide technical support for such issues.
The layout of ship pillars has a direct influence on the general arrangement of the functional cabins and the related structural design. Nowadays the layout is mostly dependent on the design of the parent ship or the design experience of engineers,with lack of mathematical optimization method. The topology optimization based on variable density method can transform the layout problem of pillar which belongs to discrete variable optimization into a continuous variable optimization problem,and the feasibility of this method for solving the optimization problem of pillar layout is verified by an example of cantilever beam-pillar structure. For the problem about optimal arrangement of pillar-long-span deck structure,design domain is set up depending on the design limitations,and two different optimization objective functions are selected. Finally the optimization results are compared and analyzed to show the feasibility of the method. With the implementation of the method,the layout of ship pillars with better structural performance can be designed without much design experience,showing that the method can provide technical support for such issues.
引文
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[14]谢伦杰,张维刚,常伟波.基于SIMP理论的电动汽车车身多目标拓扑优化[J].汽车工程,2013,35(7):583-587.(XIE L J,ZHANG W G,CHANG W B. Multi-objective topology optimization for electric car body based on SIMP theory[J].Automotive Engineering,2013,35(7):583-587.(in Chinese))
[15]吴嘉蒙,陈曙梅. 2750TEU集装箱船的局部振动评估[J].船舶,2008,19(5):10-16.(WU J M,CHEN S M. Evaluations on local vibration analysis on a 2750TEU container vessel[J]. Ship&Boat,2008,19(5):10-16.(in Chinese))
[16]洪清泉,赵康,张攀,等. Opti Struct&Hyper Study理论基础与工程应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2012.(HONG Q Q,ZHAO K,ZHANG P,et al. The theory foundation and engineering application of Opti Struct&Hyper Study[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2012.(in Chinese))
[2]温晶晶.导弹整体式翼面骨架结构的拓扑优化设计[J].兵工学报,2017,38(1):81-88.(WEN J J. Topology optimization design for frame structure of monolithic wing of missile[J]. Acta Armamentarii,2017,38(1):81-88.(in Chinese))
[3]邱伟强,杨德庆,高处,等.基于拓扑优化的油船货舱结构设计研究[J].船舶,2016(5):1-11.(QIU W Q,YANG D Q,GAO C,et al. Structural design in cargo tank region for oil tankers based on topology optimization[J]. Ship&Boat,2016(5):1-11.(in Chinese))
[4] PODUGU P,ANANTHASURESH G K. Topology optimization-based design of a compliant aircraft wing for morphing leading and trailing edges[C]∥Proceeding of the ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. Vancouver:American Society of Mechanical Engineer,2010:1099-1107.
[5]郭立新,周宏扬.车架结构二次拓扑优化设计与性能分析[J].东北大学学报,2017,38(7):998-1001.(GUO L X,ZOU H Y. Topology-optimization design and performance analysis of vehicle chassis structures[J]. Journal of Northeastern University,2017,38(7):998-1001.(in Chinese))
[6] BUHL T. Simultaneous topology optimization of structure and support[J]. Struct Multidisc Optim,2002,23:336-346.
[7] JIANG T,CHIREHDAST M. A systems approach to structure topology optimization:Designing optimal connections[J]. Trans.ASME,J. Mech. Design,1997,119:40-47.
[8]马涛,杨德庆,林新志.船舶管线隔振支座布局几何优化设计方法[J].海洋工程,2013,31(4):62-67.(MA T,YANG D Q,LIN X Z. Geometry optimization method for allocations of seismic restraints in pipeline systems in ships[J]. The Ocean Engineering,2013,31(4):62-67.(in Chinese))
[9]杨德庆,马涛,陈卫,等.舰艇管线隔振支座布局优化设计的规范法[J].中国造船,2012,53(1):62-78.(YANG D Q,MA T,CHEN W,et al. Optimal allocations of seismic restraints in pipeline system in ships by code method[J]. Shipbuilding of China,2012,53(1):62-78.(in Chinese))
[10]朱继宏,张卫红,田军,等.基于连续密度变量的结构支撑布局优化设计[J].机械科学与技术,2004,23(9):1113-1116.(ZHU J H,ZANG W H,TIAN J,et al. Optimal layout of structural support conditions based upon continuous density variables[J]. Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2004,23(9):1113-1116.(in Chinese))
[11]周向阳,陈立平,黄正东.连续体结构与支撑综合拓扑优化设计方法[J].农业机械学报,2008,39(4):128-131.(ZHOU X Y,CHEN L P,HUANG Z D. Topology optimization design of structure and supports for continuum-type structures[J]. Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2008,39(4):128-131.(in Chinese))
[12]于晨.基于拓扑优化的汽车车身焊点布置优化研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2017.(YU C. Research on layout optimization of welding spot for automobile body on the topology optimization[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2017.(in Chinese))
[13]马红艳,刘书田,顾元宪,等.海洋平台结构形状与拓扑优化设计[J].海洋工程,2001,19(4):21-28.(MA H Y,LIU S T,GU Y X,et al. Shape and topology optimization of offshore platforms[J]. The Ocean Engineering,2001,19(4):21-28.(in Chinese))
[14]谢伦杰,张维刚,常伟波.基于SIMP理论的电动汽车车身多目标拓扑优化[J].汽车工程,2013,35(7):583-587.(XIE L J,ZHANG W G,CHANG W B. Multi-objective topology optimization for electric car body based on SIMP theory[J].Automotive Engineering,2013,35(7):583-587.(in Chinese))
[15]吴嘉蒙,陈曙梅. 2750TEU集装箱船的局部振动评估[J].船舶,2008,19(5):10-16.(WU J M,CHEN S M. Evaluations on local vibration analysis on a 2750TEU container vessel[J]. Ship&Boat,2008,19(5):10-16.(in Chinese))
[16]洪清泉,赵康,张攀,等. Opti Struct&Hyper Study理论基础与工程应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2012.(HONG Q Q,ZHAO K,ZHANG P,et al. The theory foundation and engineering application of Opti Struct&Hyper Study[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2012.(in Chinese))
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