老年流动人口空间分布及长期居留意愿研究——基于2015年全国流动人口动态监测数据

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英文篇名：Elderly Migrants in China:Spatial Distribution and Residence Willingness in Destination——Based on the Dynamic Monitoring Data of Floating Population in 2015 作者：景晓芬 英文作者：JING Xiao-fen;College of Humanities and Social Development,Northwest A&F University; 关键词：人口老龄化 ; 流动老人 ; 空间分布 ; 留居意愿 英文关键词：Aging Population;;Elderly Migrants;;Spatial Distribution;;Residence Willingness 中文刊名：SCRK 英文刊名：Population and Development 机构：西北农林科技大学人文社会发展学院; 出版日期：2019-07-29 出版单位：人口与发展 年：2019 期：v.25;No.145 基金：国家自然科学基金项目“老龄人口空间迁移与养老资源优化配置研究”(71503204);; 西北农林科技大学固定观测点项目“家庭结构变化与农村养老资源优化配置”(2017RWZX01) 语种：中文; 页：SCRK201904004 页数：10 CN：04 ISSN：11-5646/F 分类号：37-46

摘要

随着老龄化进程的加快和人口流动的加速,流动老人已经成为我国流动人口的一个重要组成部分。基于2015国家年卫计委流动人口动态监测数据,运用GIS技术在省(市、自治区)单元上对我国老年流动人口的规模、空间分布进行研究,并分析了这些流动老人留居迁入地的意愿。研究结果表明:流动老人与流入地户籍老人相比呈现出男性多、年轻、教育程度低、无配偶者多、农业户口多、家庭收入低等特征;老年人口流动以省内流动为主,省内流动规模较大的为四川和黑龙江,省际流动主要流入地为珠三角、长三角、京津冀,及新疆和西藏地区,呈现出空间集聚特征,而省际流出空间集聚不明显;超过2/3的流动老人打算在迁往地长期留居,流动老人的个体特征、家庭特征,流入地的地域特点及制度因素对流动老人的留居意愿存在影响。流动老人强烈的留居意愿对流入地和流出地都会产生重要影响,各地尤其是老年人口流入大省在制定老年人口政策、配置养老资源时应将流动老人也纳入考虑范畴。
        With the acceleration of aging and population mobility,elderly migrants have become an important part of the floating population in China.Based on the dynamic monitoring data of floating population from National Health and Family Planning Commission in 2015,we conduct GIS technology to analysis the amount of elderly migrants in China,their spatial distribution and their willingness to stay in destination.The results show that:compared with the registered elderly,the elderly migrants are more male,younger,less educated,more widowed,more agricultural accounts,and lower family income;most of the elderly migrants are intra-provin-cial floating,Sichuan and Heilongjiang have more intra-provincial floating elderly than the other provinces. The destination of inter-provincial floating elderly mainly located in Pearl River Delta,the Yangtze River Delta,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area,Xinjiang and Tibet; more than2/3 elderly migrants intend to stay in destination. The willingness is associated with Personal characteristics,family support,destination characteristics and social policy. Responsive policies and social services should be made to help elderly migrants to adapt to new environment and make them live better in destination communities.

引文

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