东北地区粮库储存3年玉米在仔猪饲粮中应用效果的研究
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摘要
本试验旨在通过饲养试验研究东北地区粮库储存3年玉米对仔猪生长性能以及血清生化、毒素和抗氧化指标的影响,确定储存玉米在仔猪饲粮中的应用效果,以指导粮库储存玉米的安全有效使用。选取48头平均体重为(14.0±3.8) kg的杜×长×大仔猪,按体重相近、公母各1/2原则随机分为2组(每组6个重复,每个重复4头)进行饲养试验。对照组饲粮选用当年收获的玉米(占饲粮60%)作为主要能量饲料,试验组饲粮则选用东北地区(克东粮库)储存3年的玉米(占饲粮60%)作为主要能量饲料,试验期28 d。结果显示:与饲喂当年收获玉米的仔猪(公和母)相比,饲喂东北地区粮库储存3年玉米的仔猪(公和母)的生长性能以及血清生化(尿素氮含量与谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性)、抗氧化(超氧化物歧化酶活性、还原性谷胱甘肽含量)和毒素指标(黄曲霉毒素B1、内毒素含量)均无显著差异(P>0.05)。由上述结果得出,将东北地区粮库(克东粮库)储存3年玉米应用于仔猪(12～30 kg)饲粮中,可取得与当年收获玉米相同的饲喂效果。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of corn stored in granary of Northeast China for 3 years on growth performance,serum biochemical,toxin and antioxidative indexes in pigs,and exploit the application effect in piglet feeding,achieving high-efficient utilization of stored corn. Forty-eight piglets( Duroc×Landrace× Large White) with the body weight of( 14. 0 ± 3. 8) kg were randomly allocated to 2 groups with 6 replicates per group and 4 piglets per replicate. The two dietary groups were: control group( CON),newly harvested corn comprising 60% of diet as energy feed; experimental group( EXP),corn stored in granary of Northeast China( Kedong granary) for 3 years comprising 60% of diet as energy feed. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed that compared with piglets( male and female) in CON,piglets( male and female) in EXP showed no significant differences in growth performance,serum biochemical( urea nitrogen content,glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activities),antioxidative( superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione content) and toxin indexes( aflatoxin B1 and endotoxin content)( P>0.05). It is concluded that the corn stored in granary of Northeast China( Kedong granary) for 3 years apply to piglet( 12 to 30 kg) feeding can obtain the same feeding effect as newly harvested corn.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31(7):3366-3373]
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of corn stored in granary of Northeast China for 3 years on growth performance,serum biochemical,toxin and antioxidative indexes in pigs,and exploit the application effect in piglet feeding,achieving high-efficient utilization of stored corn. Forty-eight piglets( Duroc×Landrace× Large White) with the body weight of( 14. 0 ± 3. 8) kg were randomly allocated to 2 groups with 6 replicates per group and 4 piglets per replicate. The two dietary groups were: control group( CON),newly harvested corn comprising 60% of diet as energy feed; experimental group( EXP),corn stored in granary of Northeast China( Kedong granary) for 3 years comprising 60% of diet as energy feed. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed that compared with piglets( male and female) in CON,piglets( male and female) in EXP showed no significant differences in growth performance,serum biochemical( urea nitrogen content,glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activities),antioxidative( superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione content) and toxin indexes( aflatoxin B1 and endotoxin content)( P>0.05). It is concluded that the corn stored in granary of Northeast China( Kedong granary) for 3 years apply to piglet( 12 to 30 kg) feeding can obtain the same feeding effect as newly harvested corn.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31(7):3366-3373]
引文
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[10] ZHANG J J,MENG G Y,ZHANG C,et al. The antioxidative effects of acidic-,alkalic-,and enzymaticextractable mycelium zinc polysaccharides by Pleurotusdjamor on liver and kidney of streptozocin-induced diabetic mice[J]. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2015,15:440.
[11] KVIDERA S K,HORST E A,MAYORGA E J,etal.Estimating glucose requirements of an activated immune system in growing pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science,2017,95(11):5020-5029.
[12]刘水灵,车丽涛,张春勇,等.饲料中霉菌毒素的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(31):4-7.
[2]刘比一,何玉英,尹达菲,等.不同储存时间的玉米对肉鸡血清抗氧化功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(5):1077-1084.
[3]崔小燕,王树满,袁建敏,等.不同储存期玉米对肉鸡免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(4):849-855.
[4] YIN D,YUAN J,YU MG,et al. Effect of storage time on the characteristics of corn and efficiency of its utilization in broiler chickens[J]. Animal Nutrition,2017,3(3):252-257.
[5]郭英.不同储藏时间玉米蛋白变化浅析[J].现代畜牧科技,2018(5):50.
[6]殷洁鑫.储存玉米营养价值变化及其对肉仔鸡生长、消化道发育和养分利用率的影响[D].硕士学位论文.扬州:扬州大学,2016.
[7]杨露,赵江涛,谭会泽,等.储藏玉米陈化机制及品质判定进展[J].饲料研究,2016(24):49-53.
[8] COWELL R L. Veterinary clinical pathology secrets[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,2004:306.
[9]刘洋,刘比一,尹达菲,等.不同储存时间的玉米对肉鸡血清生化和组织学的影响[J].中国家禽,2015,37(13):22-26.
[10] ZHANG J J,MENG G Y,ZHANG C,et al. The antioxidative effects of acidic-,alkalic-,and enzymaticextractable mycelium zinc polysaccharides by Pleurotusdjamor on liver and kidney of streptozocin-induced diabetic mice[J]. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2015,15:440.
[11] KVIDERA S K,HORST E A,MAYORGA E J,etal.Estimating glucose requirements of an activated immune system in growing pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science,2017,95(11):5020-5029.
[12]刘水灵,车丽涛,张春勇,等.饲料中霉菌毒素的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(31):4-7.