日粮中添加牛至精油对牛肉脂肪酸以及血液生化指标的影响
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摘要
为研究日粮中添加牛至精油对牛肉脂肪酸以及血液生化指标含量的影响,试验选择10头体重相近、健康的荷斯坦奶公牛,随机平均分成试验组(每头添加牛至精油28 g/d)和对照组(未添加牛至精油),每组5头,相同环境下饲喂8个月后屠宰。结果显示:添加牛至精油组血液中总蛋白、白蛋白显著升高(P <0.05);甘油三酯显著降低(P <0.05);对半腱肌饱和脂肪酸(SFA)和不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)均无显著影响(P> 0.05),但使多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量显著升高(P <0.05),P/S值增大(P <0.05),显著提高了油酸以及亚油酸含量。因此日粮中添加牛至精油可有效改善牛肉脂肪酸组成含量和血液生化指标。
In order to investigate the effects of fatty acids and blood biochemical index by adding oregano oil into ration.Ten healthy Holstein bulls which had similar weight were employed in this experment.They were randomly divided into treatment group(added oregano oil) and control group(not added oregano oil),and which were fed in the equivalent environment for eight months then slaughtered. The results showed that the total proteins,albumin were increased significantly(P < 0.05),triglyceride was decreased significantly.Saturated fatty acid(SFA) and unsaturated fatty acid(UFA) were had no significant effect(P > 0.05),but polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) were significantly higher,P/S value was increased significantly(P < 0.05),in particular,the content of oleic acid and essential fatty acid linoleic acid were significantly increased(P <0.05).
In order to investigate the effects of fatty acids and blood biochemical index by adding oregano oil into ration.Ten healthy Holstein bulls which had similar weight were employed in this experment.They were randomly divided into treatment group(added oregano oil) and control group(not added oregano oil),and which were fed in the equivalent environment for eight months then slaughtered. The results showed that the total proteins,albumin were increased significantly(P < 0.05),triglyceride was decreased significantly.Saturated fatty acid(SFA) and unsaturated fatty acid(UFA) were had no significant effect(P > 0.05),but polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) were significantly higher,P/S value was increased significantly(P < 0.05),in particular,the content of oleic acid and essential fatty acid linoleic acid were significantly increased(P <0.05).
引文
[1]陈昊,刘婷,吴建平,等.牛至精油对荷斯坦奶牛乳房炎和腹泻的影响[J].中国草食动物科学,2015,2:39~41.
[2]陈银基,鞠兴荣,周光宏.饱和脂肪酸分类与生理功能[J].中国油脂,2008,33(3):35~39.
[3]方秋红,侯永清赵迪,等.植物精油对断奶仔猪生长性能及血液生化指标的影响[J]饲料工业,2014,35(17):44~47.
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[5]李秋凤,许蕾蕾,李建国,等.亚麻籽对育肥牛肉品质及脂肪酸的影响[J].草业学报,2013,22(5):272~279.
[6]刘立山,刘婷,吴建平,等.日粮中添加牛至精油改善牛肉熟化过程中的肉品质[J]食品工业科技,2016,37(05):334~342.
[7]刘猛.植物精油对仔猪生产性能、肠道微生物及免疫性能的影响[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2011.
[8]刘婷.牦牛黄牛体脂脂肪酸营养特征及温度对其影响的研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学.2010,15~20.
[9]刘元元,王英俊,张浩,等.天然牛至香酚预混剂对肉鸡生产性能的影响[J],畜牧与兽医,2016,48(2):57~60.
[10]石磊.日粮中添加牛至精油对荷斯坦公牛采食量、日增重及肉质影响研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2015.
[11]陶文君,叶帝恩,廖国雄,等.不同油脂来源日粮对生长育肥猪肉品质、脂肪酸含量和肌肉结构的影响[J].中国饲料,2018(6):65~70.
[12]王强.贮藏条件对牦牛体脂脂肪酸组成变化影响的研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2009.
[13]武晓东,赵俊星,刘文忠,等.日粮中胡麻饼代替豆粕对绵羊生产性能、肉品质、脂肪酸含量及血液生化指标的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2017,48(7):1260~1270.
[14]夏广军,严昌国,刘成名.混合植物油对肉牛血液、肌肉中十八碳脂肪酸及肌肉中氨基酸含量的影响[J].反刍动物营养,2012,33(23):58~60.
[15]许春兰.不同植物油脂对樱桃谷鸭肥肝脂肪代谢及胆固醇含量影响的研究:[硕士学位论文][D].南宁:广西大学,2007.
[16]杨昭,刘婷,吴建平,等.TMR中添加牛至精油抑菌作用的研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(14):8~13.
[17]姚喜喜,吴建平,刘婷,等.全混合日粮中添加牛至精油对泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛生产性能和蹄病发生率的影响[J].草业科学,2016,33(2):299~304.
[18]Calder PC,Deckelbaum R J.Fat as a physiological regulator:the news gets better[J].Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition&Metabolic Care,2003,6(2):127~131.
[19]Crespo N,Esteve-Garcia E.Nutrient and fatty acid deposition in broilers fed different dietary fatty acid profiles[J].Poultry science,2002,81(10):1533~1542.
[20]Dlaz M T,Velasco S,Caneque V,et al.Use of concentrate or pasture for fattening lambs and its effect on carcass and meat quality[J].Small Ruminant Research,2002,43(3):257~268.
[21]Margetts B.FAO/WHO launch expert report on diet,nutrition and prevention of chronic diseases[J].Public health nutrition,2003,6(4):323~325.
[22]Monteiro A C G,Santos-Silva J,Bessa R J B,et al.Fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat of bulls and steers[J].Livestock Science,2006,99(1):13~19.
[23]Raes K,Smet Sde,Demeyer D.Effect of double-muscling in Belgian Blue young bulls on the intramuscular fatty acid composition with emphasis on conjugated linoleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids[J].Animal Science.2001,73(2):253~260.
[24]Robelin J.Growth of adipose tissues in cattle,partitioning between depots,chemical composition and cellularity.A review[J].Livestock Production Science,1986,14(4):349~364.
[25]Wood J D,Richardson R I,Nute G R,et al.Effects of fatty acids on meat quality:a review[J].Meat science,2004,66(1):21~32.
[2]陈银基,鞠兴荣,周光宏.饱和脂肪酸分类与生理功能[J].中国油脂,2008,33(3):35~39.
[3]方秋红,侯永清赵迪,等.植物精油对断奶仔猪生长性能及血液生化指标的影响[J]饲料工业,2014,35(17):44~47.
[4]李鹏,孙京新,王凤舞,等.白牦牛肉脂肪酸分析及功能性评价[J].食品科学,2008,29(4):106~108.
[5]李秋凤,许蕾蕾,李建国,等.亚麻籽对育肥牛肉品质及脂肪酸的影响[J].草业学报,2013,22(5):272~279.
[6]刘立山,刘婷,吴建平,等.日粮中添加牛至精油改善牛肉熟化过程中的肉品质[J]食品工业科技,2016,37(05):334~342.
[7]刘猛.植物精油对仔猪生产性能、肠道微生物及免疫性能的影响[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2011.
[8]刘婷.牦牛黄牛体脂脂肪酸营养特征及温度对其影响的研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学.2010,15~20.
[9]刘元元,王英俊,张浩,等.天然牛至香酚预混剂对肉鸡生产性能的影响[J],畜牧与兽医,2016,48(2):57~60.
[10]石磊.日粮中添加牛至精油对荷斯坦公牛采食量、日增重及肉质影响研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2015.
[11]陶文君,叶帝恩,廖国雄,等.不同油脂来源日粮对生长育肥猪肉品质、脂肪酸含量和肌肉结构的影响[J].中国饲料,2018(6):65~70.
[12]王强.贮藏条件对牦牛体脂脂肪酸组成变化影响的研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2009.
[13]武晓东,赵俊星,刘文忠,等.日粮中胡麻饼代替豆粕对绵羊生产性能、肉品质、脂肪酸含量及血液生化指标的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2017,48(7):1260~1270.
[14]夏广军,严昌国,刘成名.混合植物油对肉牛血液、肌肉中十八碳脂肪酸及肌肉中氨基酸含量的影响[J].反刍动物营养,2012,33(23):58~60.
[15]许春兰.不同植物油脂对樱桃谷鸭肥肝脂肪代谢及胆固醇含量影响的研究:[硕士学位论文][D].南宁:广西大学,2007.
[16]杨昭,刘婷,吴建平,等.TMR中添加牛至精油抑菌作用的研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(14):8~13.
[17]姚喜喜,吴建平,刘婷,等.全混合日粮中添加牛至精油对泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛生产性能和蹄病发生率的影响[J].草业科学,2016,33(2):299~304.
[18]Calder PC,Deckelbaum R J.Fat as a physiological regulator:the news gets better[J].Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition&Metabolic Care,2003,6(2):127~131.
[19]Crespo N,Esteve-Garcia E.Nutrient and fatty acid deposition in broilers fed different dietary fatty acid profiles[J].Poultry science,2002,81(10):1533~1542.
[20]Dlaz M T,Velasco S,Caneque V,et al.Use of concentrate or pasture for fattening lambs and its effect on carcass and meat quality[J].Small Ruminant Research,2002,43(3):257~268.
[21]Margetts B.FAO/WHO launch expert report on diet,nutrition and prevention of chronic diseases[J].Public health nutrition,2003,6(4):323~325.
[22]Monteiro A C G,Santos-Silva J,Bessa R J B,et al.Fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat of bulls and steers[J].Livestock Science,2006,99(1):13~19.
[23]Raes K,Smet Sde,Demeyer D.Effect of double-muscling in Belgian Blue young bulls on the intramuscular fatty acid composition with emphasis on conjugated linoleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids[J].Animal Science.2001,73(2):253~260.
[24]Robelin J.Growth of adipose tissues in cattle,partitioning between depots,chemical composition and cellularity.A review[J].Livestock Production Science,1986,14(4):349~364.
[25]Wood J D,Richardson R I,Nute G R,et al.Effects of fatty acids on meat quality:a review[J].Meat science,2004,66(1):21~32.
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