直驱式永磁同步风电机组的风电场降阶等值模型
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摘要
针对直驱式永磁同步风电机组的风电场等值建模这一难题,采用模型降阶方法和参数辨识技术,提出了一种风电场降阶等值模型构建方法。该方法首先根据直驱式永磁同步风电机组的数学表征构建聚合风电场的等值模型,采用平衡截断模型降阶方法进一步对风电场等值模型进行降阶处理,建立风电场降阶等值模型;然后利用确定自回归移动平均方法辨识等值风电场的模型参数,并通过实例风电场进行仿真分析。算例分析表明,数据的降阶等值模型能够合理表征风电场的并网运行状况,在风速波动和电网扰动下均能反映出风电场的动态输出特性,可为直驱式永磁同步风电机组的风电场运行分析及并网研究提供参考。
To solve the problem of equivalent modeling for the wind power plant equipped with direct-driven with permanent magnet synchronous generator(DD-PMSG), this paper uses the method of model reduction and parameter identification technology to propose a kind of construction method for the equivalent model of order reduction of the wind power plant with DD-PMSG. This method firstly builds an equivalent model for aggregating the wind power plant according to mathematical representation of the DD-PMSG, uses a balance truncation method to reduce order of the equivalent model for the wind power plant and establishes the equivalent model for order reduction of the wind power plant. Then by using the deterministic auto-regressive moving average method, it identifies model parameters and makes simulated analysis through examples. The results indicate the equivalent model of order reduction can reasonably represent grid-connection operation of the wind power plant and reflect dynamic output characteristics of the wind power plant under wind speed fluctuation and power grid disturbance, that means it can provide references for analyzing and studying operation and grid-connection of the wind power plant with DD-PMSG.
To solve the problem of equivalent modeling for the wind power plant equipped with direct-driven with permanent magnet synchronous generator(DD-PMSG), this paper uses the method of model reduction and parameter identification technology to propose a kind of construction method for the equivalent model of order reduction of the wind power plant with DD-PMSG. This method firstly builds an equivalent model for aggregating the wind power plant according to mathematical representation of the DD-PMSG, uses a balance truncation method to reduce order of the equivalent model for the wind power plant and establishes the equivalent model for order reduction of the wind power plant. Then by using the deterministic auto-regressive moving average method, it identifies model parameters and makes simulated analysis through examples. The results indicate the equivalent model of order reduction can reasonably represent grid-connection operation of the wind power plant and reflect dynamic output characteristics of the wind power plant under wind speed fluctuation and power grid disturbance, that means it can provide references for analyzing and studying operation and grid-connection of the wind power plant with DD-PMSG.
引文
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[13] 徐玉琴,刘丹丹.基于两步分群法的双馈机组风电场等值建模[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(6):108-114.XU Yuqin,LIU Dandan.Equivalence of wind farms with DFIG based on two-step clustering method[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(6):108-114.
[14] 方力,陆宇烨.基于聚类分析的直驱永磁风电场动态等值研究[J].智慧电力,2019,47(2):29-36.FANG Li,LU Yuye.Dynamic equivalence modelling of DDPMSG based wind farm based on clustering analysis[J].Smart Power,2019,47(2):29-36.
[15] 叶林,饶日晟,郎燕生,等.考虑有向功率特性的风电场功率输出模型[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3775-3782.YE Lin,RAO Risheng,LANG Yansheng,et al.Power output model of wind farms considering eirectional power characteristics[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3775-3782.
[16] NI Y,LI C,DU Z,et al.Model order reduction based dynamic equivalence of a wind farm[J].International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,2016,83:96-103.
[17] PULGAR-PAINEMAL H A,SAUER P W.Reduced-order model of type-C wind turbine generators[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2011,81(4):840-845.
[18] PULGAR-PAINEMAL H A,SAUER P W.Towards a wind farm reduced-order model[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2011,81(8):1688-1695.
[19] NI Y,DU Z,LI C,et al.Cross-gramian-based dynamic equivalence of wind farms[J].IET Generation,Transmission & Distribution,2016,10(6):1422-1430.
[20] 蔺红,晁勤.直驱永磁同步风力发电系统的降阶模型研究[J].电网技术,2012,36(8):145-151.LIN Hong,CHAO Qin.Analysis and research on reduced model of direct-drive permanent magnet wind power generation system[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(8):145-151.
[21] 蒋耀林.模型降阶方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[22] BURNETT R O,BUTTS M M,CEASE T W,et al.Synchronized phasor measurements of a power system event[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1994,9(3):1643-1650.
[23] KIM D,EL-SHARKAWI M A.Dynamic equivalent model of wind power plant using parameter identification[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2016,31(1):37-45.
[24] KOCH F,GRESCH M,SHEWAREGA F,et al.Consideration of wind farm wake effect in power system dynamic simulation[C]//IEEE Russia Power Tech.,2005.Piscataway:IEEE Press,2005:1-7.
[25] ANNAKKAGE U D,NAIR N K C,LIANG Y,et al.Dynamic system equivalents:a survey of available techniques[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2012,27(1):411-420.
[26] MOLINA M G,SANCHEZ A G,LEDE A M R.Dynamic modeling of wind farms with variable-speed direct-driven PMSG wind turbines[C]//Transmission and distribution conference and exposition:Latin America (T&D-LA),2010 IEEE/PES.Piscataway:IEEE Press,2010:816-823.
[2] 王敏,许建,潘永春.计及风电预测可靠性的含风电电力系统优化调度模型[J].广东电力,2017,30(4):43-49.WANG Min,XU Jian,PAN Yongchun.Optimized dispatching model for power system with wind power considering wind power forecasting reliability[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(4):43-49.
[3] 李大中,段立溟,杨光.一种改进的大型风电机组最大功率点跟踪优化策略[J].广东电力,2017,30(8):59-62.LI Dazhong,DUAN Liming,YANG Guang.An improved optimizing strategy for maximum power point[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(8):59-62.
[4] 叶林,张慈杭,汤涌,等.多时空尺度协调的风电集群有功分层预测控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(13):3767-3780,4018.YE Lin,ZHANG Cihang,TANG Yong,et al.Active power stratification predictive control approach for wind power cluster with multiple temporal and spatial scales coordination[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(13):3767-3780,4018.
[5] 李海波,鲁宗相,乔颖,等.大规模风电并网的电力系统运行灵活性评估[J].电网技术,2015,39(6):1672-1678.LI Haibo,LU Zongxiang,QIAO Ying,et al.Assessment on operational flexibility of power grid with grid-connected large-scale wind farms[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(6):1672-1678.
[6] 王伟胜,张冲,何国庆,等.大规模风电场并网系统次同步振荡研究综述[J].电网技术,2017,41(4):1050-1060.WANG Weisheng,ZHANG Chong,HE Guoqing,et al.Overview of research on subsynchronous oscillations in large-scale wind farm integrated system[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(4):1050-1060.
[7] 王丹,刘崇茹,李庚银.直驱型风电并网系统建模及关键参数变化影响研究[J].华北电力大学学报,2015,42(6):78-83,100.WANG Dan,LIU Chongru,LI Gengyin.Research on modelling of direct-drive wind power integration system and influence of key parameters change[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University,2015,42(6):78-83,100.
[8] 张磊,朱凌志,姜达军,等.直驱风电机组模型构建方法及其实现[J].电网技术,2016,40(11):3474-3481.ZHANG Lei,ZHU Lingzhi,JIANG Dajun,et al.Modelling approach and implementation of direct-drive wind turbine[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(11):3474-3481.
[9] 韩松,王兴龙.弱一致性风速分布山区风电场机电暂态建模及适用性研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(15):1-7.HAN Song,WANG Xinglong.Modeling of DFIG based wind farm considering temporal and spatial non-uniformity of wind speed in mountainous region and its applicability analysis[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(15):1-7.
[10] 丁昊,林松,吴凤平.基于条件风险的风电场随机优化调度模型及其快速求解方法[J].智慧电力,2018,46(2):34-39.DING Hao,LIN Song,WU Fengping.Wind farm power stochastic optimal scheduling model based on conditional value at risk and its efficient computation method[J].Smart Power,2018,46(2):34-39.
[11] 潘学萍,张弛,鞠平,等.风电场同调动态等值研究[J].电网技术,2015,39(3):621-627.PAN Xueping,ZHANG Chi,JU Ping,et al.Coherency-based dynamic equivalence of wind farm composed of doubly fed induction generators[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(3):621-627.
[12] 杜晓岩,尹华杰,叶超,等.基于改进模糊C均值聚类和MPSO的风电场等值研究[J].广东电力,2016,29(8):38-44.DU Xiaoyan,YIN Huajie,YE Chao,et al.Equivalent model of wind power farm based on improved fuzzy C means clustering and MPSO[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2016,29(8):38-44.
[13] 徐玉琴,刘丹丹.基于两步分群法的双馈机组风电场等值建模[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(6):108-114.XU Yuqin,LIU Dandan.Equivalence of wind farms with DFIG based on two-step clustering method[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(6):108-114.
[14] 方力,陆宇烨.基于聚类分析的直驱永磁风电场动态等值研究[J].智慧电力,2019,47(2):29-36.FANG Li,LU Yuye.Dynamic equivalence modelling of DDPMSG based wind farm based on clustering analysis[J].Smart Power,2019,47(2):29-36.
[15] 叶林,饶日晟,郎燕生,等.考虑有向功率特性的风电场功率输出模型[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3775-3782.YE Lin,RAO Risheng,LANG Yansheng,et al.Power output model of wind farms considering eirectional power characteristics[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3775-3782.
[16] NI Y,LI C,DU Z,et al.Model order reduction based dynamic equivalence of a wind farm[J].International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,2016,83:96-103.
[17] PULGAR-PAINEMAL H A,SAUER P W.Reduced-order model of type-C wind turbine generators[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2011,81(4):840-845.
[18] PULGAR-PAINEMAL H A,SAUER P W.Towards a wind farm reduced-order model[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2011,81(8):1688-1695.
[19] NI Y,DU Z,LI C,et al.Cross-gramian-based dynamic equivalence of wind farms[J].IET Generation,Transmission & Distribution,2016,10(6):1422-1430.
[20] 蔺红,晁勤.直驱永磁同步风力发电系统的降阶模型研究[J].电网技术,2012,36(8):145-151.LIN Hong,CHAO Qin.Analysis and research on reduced model of direct-drive permanent magnet wind power generation system[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(8):145-151.
[21] 蒋耀林.模型降阶方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[22] BURNETT R O,BUTTS M M,CEASE T W,et al.Synchronized phasor measurements of a power system event[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1994,9(3):1643-1650.
[23] KIM D,EL-SHARKAWI M A.Dynamic equivalent model of wind power plant using parameter identification[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2016,31(1):37-45.
[24] KOCH F,GRESCH M,SHEWAREGA F,et al.Consideration of wind farm wake effect in power system dynamic simulation[C]//IEEE Russia Power Tech.,2005.Piscataway:IEEE Press,2005:1-7.
[25] ANNAKKAGE U D,NAIR N K C,LIANG Y,et al.Dynamic system equivalents:a survey of available techniques[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2012,27(1):411-420.
[26] MOLINA M G,SANCHEZ A G,LEDE A M R.Dynamic modeling of wind farms with variable-speed direct-driven PMSG wind turbines[C]//Transmission and distribution conference and exposition:Latin America (T&D-LA),2010 IEEE/PES.Piscataway:IEEE Press,2010:816-823.
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