离心泵口环间隙对压力脉动特性影响的实验研究
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摘要
为了研究口环间隙对低比转速离心泵压力脉动特性的影响,采用高频动态压力脉动传感器对模型泵压力脉动信号进行采集、分析。本文对比研究了3种不同口环间隙的影响规律,分别为0.25 mm.0.50 mm和0.75 mm,并重点分析不同工况下,蜗壳不同位置测点叶频幅值及0～500 Hz频段范围内压力脉动能量的变化特性。结果表明:随着口环间隙的增加,模型泵效率不断降低,因此较小的口环间隙0.25 mm可以显著地提高模型泵的能量性能。口环间隙对模型泵不同测点压力脉动特性的影响规律差异显著,总体来看,压力脉动能量随口环间隙的增加呈现先降低、后增加的趋势,当口环间隙为0.50 mm时,压力脉动能量达到最小值。对于具有低压力脉动要求的离心泵,本文的研究结论可以为口环间隙设计提供部分参考。
To investigate the influence of the tip clearance on pressure pulsations of a low specific speed centrifugal pump,high response pressure transducers are applied to obtain pressure signals of the model pump based on a closed test rig.In this paper,three different tip clearances are designed for comparison,namely 0.25 mm,0.50 mm and 0.75 mm.Pressure amplitudes at the blade passing frequency and in 0～500 Hz frequency band are concerned and compared for different measuring points when the model pump works at various conditions.Experimental results show that efficiency of the model pump decreases with the tip clearance increasing.It means that performance of the model pump is improved significantly at small tip clearance of 0.25 mm.Significant differences exist for the influence of different tip clearances on pressure pulsations.Overall,with the tip clearance increasing,pressure pulsation energy first decreases,then increases.It means that the varying trend is not linear change and pressure pulsation energy achieves minimum at tip clearance of 0.50 mm.For the pump with low pressure pulsation requirement,the achieved results would provide some useful references.
To investigate the influence of the tip clearance on pressure pulsations of a low specific speed centrifugal pump,high response pressure transducers are applied to obtain pressure signals of the model pump based on a closed test rig.In this paper,three different tip clearances are designed for comparison,namely 0.25 mm,0.50 mm and 0.75 mm.Pressure amplitudes at the blade passing frequency and in 0～500 Hz frequency band are concerned and compared for different measuring points when the model pump works at various conditions.Experimental results show that efficiency of the model pump decreases with the tip clearance increasing.It means that performance of the model pump is improved significantly at small tip clearance of 0.25 mm.Significant differences exist for the influence of different tip clearances on pressure pulsations.Overall,with the tip clearance increasing,pressure pulsation energy first decreases,then increases.It means that the varying trend is not linear change and pressure pulsation energy achieves minimum at tip clearance of 0.50 mm.For the pump with low pressure pulsation requirement,the achieved results would provide some useful references.
引文
[1]Gülich J F.Centrifugal Pumps[M].Beilin:SpringerVerlag Berlin Heidelberg Press,2014
[2]Zhang N,Yang,M G,Gao B,et al.Experimental Investigation on Unsteady Pressure Pulsation in a Centrifugal Pump with Special Slope Volute[J].ASME J Fluids Eng,2015,137(6):061103
[3]Brennen C E.Hydrodynamics of Pumps[M].Oxford:Concept ETI/Oxford University Press,1994
[4]张盟,王晓放,徐胜利,等.泵用不可压缩流体密封刚度系数分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2015,35(3):347-352Zhang M,Wang X F,Xu S L,et al.Analysis of the Stiffness of the incompressible Seal in Pump[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2015,35(3):347-352
[5]率志军,张权,陈春来,等.多级离心泵整机流场三维非稳态湍流压力脉动特性分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2013,34(3):306-311Shuai Z J,Zhang Q,Chen C L,et al.Characteristic Analysis of Three-dimensional Unsteady Turbulent Pressure Fluctuation in Whole Flow Field of Multi-stage Centrifugal Pump[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2013,34(3):306-311
[6]吴大转,许斌杰,武鹏,等.多级离心泵内部间隙流动与泄漏损失[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2011,45(8):1393-1398Wu D Z,Xu B J,Wu P,et al.Flow and Leakage Loss of Internal Clearance Flow in Multistage Centrifugal Pump[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Edition),2011,45(8):1393-1398
[7]施卫东,高雄发,张德胜,等.叶轮口环间隙对井用潜水泵性能的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,8(2):124-132Shi W D,Gao X F,Zhang D S,et al.The Influence of Impeller Ring Clearance on the Performance of Submersible Pump[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2013,8(2):124-132
[8]潘中永,陈士星,张大庆,等.叶轮口环间隙对离心泵性能影响的模拟和试验[J].流械机械,2012,40(11):10-14Pan Z Y,Chen S X,Zhang D Q,et al.Simulation and Experiment of the Effect of Clearance of Impeller Wearrings on the Performance of Centrifugal Pump[J].Fluid Machinery,2012,40(11):10-14
[9]高波,王震,杨丽,等.不同口环间隙离心泵性能及水力激励特性分析及试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(7):79-85Gao B,Wang Z,Yang L,et al.Analysis and Test of Performance and Hydraulic Excitation Characteristics of Centrifugal Pump with Different Seal Ring Clearances[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(7):79-85
[10]贾晓奇,聂小林,涂必成,等.半开式离心泵变工况叶顶间隙的流动特性[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(4):91-96Jia X Q,Nie X L,Tu B C,et al.Flow Characteristics of Blade Tip Clearance in Semi-open Centrifugal Pump inVariable Condition[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(4):91-96
[11]赵万勇,赵爽,王磊.离心油泵口环间隙对泵腔内流动的影响[J].兰州理工大学学报,2013,39(1):33-36Zhao W Y,Zhao S,Wang L.Influence of Seal Ring Clearance of Centrifugal Oil Pump on Flow Characteristics of Pump Chamber[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology,2013,39(1):33-36
[12]刘占生,刘全忠,王洪杰.离心泵变工况流场及叶轮流体激振力研究[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2008,29(12):1304-1308Liu Z S,Liu Q Z,Wang H J.Analysis of Off-design Flow Fields in Centrifugal Pumps and Hydrodynamic Forces on Impellers[J],Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2008,29(12):1304-1308
[13]陈鱼,费振桃,蔡永雄,等.输送清水时口环间隙对离心油泵性能的影响[J].流体机械,2006,34(1):1-5Chen Y,Fei Z T,Cai Y X,et al.Effect of the Clearance of Wear-rings on the Performance of Centrifugal Oil Pump While Handling Water[J].Fluid Machinery,2006,34(1):1-5
[14]Gao B,Zhang N,Li Z,et al.Influence of the Blade Trailing Edge Profile on the Performance and Unsteady Pressure Pulsations in a Low Specific Speed Centrifugal Pump[J].ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering,2016,138:051106
[15]Gao Z X,Zhu W R,Lu L,et al.Numerical and Experimental Study of Unsteady Flow in a Large Centrifugal Pump with Stay Vanes[J].ASME J Fluids Eng,2014,136(7):071101
[16]Zhang N,Yang M G,Gao B,et al.Investigation of Rotorstator Interaction and Flow Unsteadiness in a Low Specific Speed Centrifugal Pump[J].StrojniskiVestnik.Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,62(1):21-31
[17]张宁.离心泵内部非稳态流动激励特性研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2016:73-93Zhang Ning.Excitation Characteristics Induced by Unsteady Flow Within a Centrifugal Pump[D].Zhenjiang:Jiangsu University,2016:73-93
[18]Zhang N,Yang M G,Gao B,et al.Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Unsteady Pressure Pulsation in a Centrifugal Pump with Slope Volute[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2015,29(10):4231-4238
[2]Zhang N,Yang,M G,Gao B,et al.Experimental Investigation on Unsteady Pressure Pulsation in a Centrifugal Pump with Special Slope Volute[J].ASME J Fluids Eng,2015,137(6):061103
[3]Brennen C E.Hydrodynamics of Pumps[M].Oxford:Concept ETI/Oxford University Press,1994
[4]张盟,王晓放,徐胜利,等.泵用不可压缩流体密封刚度系数分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2015,35(3):347-352Zhang M,Wang X F,Xu S L,et al.Analysis of the Stiffness of the incompressible Seal in Pump[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2015,35(3):347-352
[5]率志军,张权,陈春来,等.多级离心泵整机流场三维非稳态湍流压力脉动特性分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2013,34(3):306-311Shuai Z J,Zhang Q,Chen C L,et al.Characteristic Analysis of Three-dimensional Unsteady Turbulent Pressure Fluctuation in Whole Flow Field of Multi-stage Centrifugal Pump[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2013,34(3):306-311
[6]吴大转,许斌杰,武鹏,等.多级离心泵内部间隙流动与泄漏损失[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2011,45(8):1393-1398Wu D Z,Xu B J,Wu P,et al.Flow and Leakage Loss of Internal Clearance Flow in Multistage Centrifugal Pump[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Edition),2011,45(8):1393-1398
[7]施卫东,高雄发,张德胜,等.叶轮口环间隙对井用潜水泵性能的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,8(2):124-132Shi W D,Gao X F,Zhang D S,et al.The Influence of Impeller Ring Clearance on the Performance of Submersible Pump[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2013,8(2):124-132
[8]潘中永,陈士星,张大庆,等.叶轮口环间隙对离心泵性能影响的模拟和试验[J].流械机械,2012,40(11):10-14Pan Z Y,Chen S X,Zhang D Q,et al.Simulation and Experiment of the Effect of Clearance of Impeller Wearrings on the Performance of Centrifugal Pump[J].Fluid Machinery,2012,40(11):10-14
[9]高波,王震,杨丽,等.不同口环间隙离心泵性能及水力激励特性分析及试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(7):79-85Gao B,Wang Z,Yang L,et al.Analysis and Test of Performance and Hydraulic Excitation Characteristics of Centrifugal Pump with Different Seal Ring Clearances[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(7):79-85
[10]贾晓奇,聂小林,涂必成,等.半开式离心泵变工况叶顶间隙的流动特性[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(4):91-96Jia X Q,Nie X L,Tu B C,et al.Flow Characteristics of Blade Tip Clearance in Semi-open Centrifugal Pump inVariable Condition[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(4):91-96
[11]赵万勇,赵爽,王磊.离心油泵口环间隙对泵腔内流动的影响[J].兰州理工大学学报,2013,39(1):33-36Zhao W Y,Zhao S,Wang L.Influence of Seal Ring Clearance of Centrifugal Oil Pump on Flow Characteristics of Pump Chamber[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology,2013,39(1):33-36
[12]刘占生,刘全忠,王洪杰.离心泵变工况流场及叶轮流体激振力研究[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2008,29(12):1304-1308Liu Z S,Liu Q Z,Wang H J.Analysis of Off-design Flow Fields in Centrifugal Pumps and Hydrodynamic Forces on Impellers[J],Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2008,29(12):1304-1308
[13]陈鱼,费振桃,蔡永雄,等.输送清水时口环间隙对离心油泵性能的影响[J].流体机械,2006,34(1):1-5Chen Y,Fei Z T,Cai Y X,et al.Effect of the Clearance of Wear-rings on the Performance of Centrifugal Oil Pump While Handling Water[J].Fluid Machinery,2006,34(1):1-5
[14]Gao B,Zhang N,Li Z,et al.Influence of the Blade Trailing Edge Profile on the Performance and Unsteady Pressure Pulsations in a Low Specific Speed Centrifugal Pump[J].ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering,2016,138:051106
[15]Gao Z X,Zhu W R,Lu L,et al.Numerical and Experimental Study of Unsteady Flow in a Large Centrifugal Pump with Stay Vanes[J].ASME J Fluids Eng,2014,136(7):071101
[16]Zhang N,Yang M G,Gao B,et al.Investigation of Rotorstator Interaction and Flow Unsteadiness in a Low Specific Speed Centrifugal Pump[J].StrojniskiVestnik.Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,62(1):21-31
[17]张宁.离心泵内部非稳态流动激励特性研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2016:73-93Zhang Ning.Excitation Characteristics Induced by Unsteady Flow Within a Centrifugal Pump[D].Zhenjiang:Jiangsu University,2016:73-93
[18]Zhang N,Yang M G,Gao B,et al.Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Unsteady Pressure Pulsation in a Centrifugal Pump with Slope Volute[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2015,29(10):4231-4238
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