树苔浸膏中关键气味活性化合物
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摘要
香气是评价浸膏品质的重要指标,通过研究浸膏中的香气成分可以为浸膏的应用和质量控制提供参考依据。利用固相微萃取(SPME)和溶剂辅助风味蒸发(SAFE)两种方法结合GC-MS对树苔浸膏中的挥发性香气成分进行分析。通过香气提取物稀释分析(AEDA)对树苔浸膏中的香气活性物质进行了鉴定,结果表明:利用SPME和SAFE两种前处理方法共鉴定出102种挥发性成分,香气活性成分为27种,其中香气稀释因子(flavordilutionfactor,FD因子)较高(FD≥9)的为β-苔黑酚羧酸甲酯、戊酮酸乙酯、苔黑酚羧酸乙酯、赤星衣酸乙酯、壬酸乙酯、庚酸乙酯、苯乙酸乙酯。进一步的定量及气味活度值(OAV)计算确认关键气味活性化合物为β-苔黑酚羧酸甲酯、苔黑酚羧酸乙酯、庚酸乙酯。
Aroma is one of the important standards to evaluate extracts. Analysis flavor components will provide reference for extracts application and quality control standard. The volatile flavor components of treemoss extracts were analyzed by solid phase microextraction(SPME) and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation(SAFE) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and the aroma active components were confirmed by gas chromatograph-olfactometer(GC-O) with aroma extract dilutions analysis(AEDA). It was found that a total of 102 compounds in two treemoss extracts samples were identified by SPME and SAFE.Among these, there were 27 active odorants in two treemoss extracts and the odorants with(flavor dilution factor) FD≥9 were methyl β-orcinolcarboxylate, ethyl levulinate, ethyl orsellinate, ethyl hematommate, ethyl nonanoate, ethyl heptanoate and ethyl phenylacetate. Moreover, these active odorants were quantitated by internal standard method and its odor active values(OAV) were calculated. The results were confirmed that methyl β-orcinolcarboxylate, ethyl orsellinate and ethylheptanoate were the key odorants of the treemoss extracts.
Aroma is one of the important standards to evaluate extracts. Analysis flavor components will provide reference for extracts application and quality control standard. The volatile flavor components of treemoss extracts were analyzed by solid phase microextraction(SPME) and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation(SAFE) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and the aroma active components were confirmed by gas chromatograph-olfactometer(GC-O) with aroma extract dilutions analysis(AEDA). It was found that a total of 102 compounds in two treemoss extracts samples were identified by SPME and SAFE.Among these, there were 27 active odorants in two treemoss extracts and the odorants with(flavor dilution factor) FD≥9 were methyl β-orcinolcarboxylate, ethyl levulinate, ethyl orsellinate, ethyl hematommate, ethyl nonanoate, ethyl heptanoate and ethyl phenylacetate. Moreover, these active odorants were quantitated by internal standard method and its odor active values(OAV) were calculated. The results were confirmed that methyl β-orcinolcarboxylate, ethyl orsellinate and ethylheptanoate were the key odorants of the treemoss extracts.
引文
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[2]Temina M,Levitsky D O,Dembitsky V M.Chemical constituents of the epiphytic and lithophilic lichens of the genus collema[J].Records of Natural Products,2010,4(1):79-86.
[3]Rankovi?B,Mi?i?M,Sukdolak S.Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the lichens Lasalliapustulata,Parmeliasulcata,Umbilicariacrustulosa,and Umbilicariacylindrica[J].Microbiology,2008,76(6):817-821.
[4]Y?ld?r?m E,Aslan A,Emsen B,et al.Insecticidal effect of usnealongissima(Parmeliaceae)extract against sitophilusgranarius(Coleoptera:Curculionidae)[J].International Journal of Agriculture&Biology,2012,14(2):303-306.
[5]Thadhani V M,M Iqbal C,Sajjad A,et al.Antioxidant activity of some lichen metabolites[J].Natural Product Research,2011,25(19):1827-1837.
[6]Joulain D,Tabacchi R.Lichen extracts as raw materials in perfumery.part 2:treemoss[J].Flavour&Fragrance Journal,2009,24(3):105-116.
[7]Joulain D,Tabacchi R.Lichen extracts as raw materials in perfumery.part 1:oakmoss[J].Flavour&Fragrance Journal,2009,24(2):49-61.
[8]Qin Taifeng(秦太峰),Zhou Tiesheng(周铁生).Development and utilization of yunnan characteristic fragrance resources[M].Beijing:China Agricultural University Press(中国农业科学技术出版社),2011:218-219.
[9]Zhu Huaiyuan(朱怀远),ZhuangYadong(庄亚东),Zhang Ying(张映),et al.Analysis of chemical constituents in treemoss concrete by molecular distillation and solid-phase microextraction methods[J].Flavor Fragrance Cosmetics(香料香精化妆品),2012,(2):1-6.
[10]Zhu Huaiyuan(朱怀远),ZhuangYadong(庄亚东),Zhang Ying(张映),et al.Analysis of chemical constituents in treemoss concrete by molecular distillation and simultaneous distillation extraction[J].Food Science(食品科学),2012,33(10):212-217.
[11]Liu Qiang(刘强),Mao Deshou(冒德寿),Hou Chun(侯春),et al.Analysis of treemoss concrete and absolute oil and its application in tobacco flavoring[J].Tobacco Science&Technology(烟草科技),2004,(3):18-21.
[12]Li Zhijian(李志坚),Zhang Hongxia(张红霞),Wang Lisong(王立松),et al.Analytical study on aroma components in edible lichen ramalina conduplicans vain[J].Flavor Fragrance Cosmetics(香料香精化妆品),2015,(6):17-20.
[13]Song Huanlu(宋焕禄).Molecular sensory science[M].Beijing:Science Press(科学出版社),2014:241-259.
[14]Kreissl J,Schieberle P.Characterization of aroma-active compounds in Italian tomatoes with emphasis on new odorants[J].Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,2017,65(25):5198-5208.
[15]Zhu J C,Chen F,Wang L Y,et al.Characterization of the key aroma volatile compounds in cranberry(Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.)using gas chromatography-olfactometry(GC-O)and odor activity value(OAV)[J].Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,2016,64(24):4990-4999.
[16]Zhang Jinglin(张璟琳),Li Juan(李娟),Wang Juan(王娟),et al.Identification of aroma-active compounds from Hangzhou Chrysanthemum moriflium Ramat extract[J].Fine Chemicals(精细化工),2018,35(12):1905-1913.
[17]Stojanovi?I?,Radulovi?N S,Mitrovi?T L,et al.Volatile constituents of selected Parmeliaceae lichens[J].Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society,2011,76(7):987-994.
[18]Ly H D,Vo T N,Duong T H,et al.A new depside and two new diphenyl ether compounds from the lichen Ramalinafarinacea(L.)Ach[J].Phytochemistry Letters,2011,11:146-150.
[19]Zhao Y P,Wang L,Li J M,et al.Comparison of volatile compounds in two brandies using HS-SPME coupled with GC-O,GC-MS and sensory evaluation[J].South African Journal for Enology&Viticulture,2016,32(1):9-20.
[20]Zhao M Q,Han F G,Shao H F,et al.Studies on aroma components of aromatic tobacco condensate[J].Journal of Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry,2005,33(6):23-26.
[21]Zrnzevi?I,Jovanovi?O,Zlatanovi?I,et al.Constituents of Ramalina capitata(Ach.)Nyl.extracts[J].Natural Product Research,2017,31(7):857-860.
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