延长油田污水处理工艺升级改造研究
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摘要
通过对延长油田2014—2017年污水处理工艺调研发现,水质指标是影响油田高含水开发阶段污水处理工艺的关键因素。经污水处理站处理后的水质中悬浮物含量、腐蚀速率、SRB菌含量、铁细菌及硫化氢含量均超出B2水质指标,若油田将此类未达标水回注,一方面引起油田注入与油藏开发效果不佳,徒增开发成本;另一方面还将引发注水站及注水管网与管柱的腐蚀,油田生产安全隐患系数增加。在室内分析此污水处理站进站水质特点,筛选改性药剂和净化药剂,将污水处理工艺现状与现场测试数据相结合,比较不同方案的经济效益,制定了"两级除油+化学混凝+逆流沉降+多层滤料过滤处理流程"的污水处理工艺升级改造方案。依托成熟和先进的新技术与新工艺,使得处理后污水水质符合SY/T 5329—2012规定的B2级水质指标,确保污水处理安全达标并满足原油生产的可持续性。
Through the investigation of the wastewater treatment process of Yanchang Oilfield from2014 to 2017,it is found that the water quality index is a key factor affecting the sewage treatment process in the high water cut development stage of the oilfield. The content of suspended solids,corrosion rate, SRB bacteria content, iron bacteria and hydrogen sulfide in the water after the treatment of the sewage treatment station are all beyond the B2 water quality index. If the oilfield re-injects such unqualified water, on the one hand, the oilfield injection and reservoir development are not effective, and the development cost is increased;on the other hand,the corrosion of the water injection station and the water injection pipe network and the pipe string will be caused,and the safety hazard coefficient of oilfield production will increase. The water quality characteristics of the sewage treatment station are analyzed indoors, and the modified chemicals and cleansing agents are selected. Combining the current status of sewage treatment process with the field test data, the economic benefits of different programs are compared, and a sewage treatment process upgrading and transformation plan, namely two-stage degreasing + chemical coagulation + countercurrent sedimentation + multi-layer filter filtration treatment flow. Relying on mature and advanced new technologies and new processes, the treated sewage water quality meets the B2 water quality index specified in SY/T5329-2012,ensuring that the sewage treatment safety meets the safety standards and meets the sustainability of crude oil production.
Through the investigation of the wastewater treatment process of Yanchang Oilfield from2014 to 2017,it is found that the water quality index is a key factor affecting the sewage treatment process in the high water cut development stage of the oilfield. The content of suspended solids,corrosion rate, SRB bacteria content, iron bacteria and hydrogen sulfide in the water after the treatment of the sewage treatment station are all beyond the B2 water quality index. If the oilfield re-injects such unqualified water, on the one hand, the oilfield injection and reservoir development are not effective, and the development cost is increased;on the other hand,the corrosion of the water injection station and the water injection pipe network and the pipe string will be caused,and the safety hazard coefficient of oilfield production will increase. The water quality characteristics of the sewage treatment station are analyzed indoors, and the modified chemicals and cleansing agents are selected. Combining the current status of sewage treatment process with the field test data, the economic benefits of different programs are compared, and a sewage treatment process upgrading and transformation plan, namely two-stage degreasing + chemical coagulation + countercurrent sedimentation + multi-layer filter filtration treatment flow. Relying on mature and advanced new technologies and new processes, the treated sewage water quality meets the B2 water quality index specified in SY/T5329-2012,ensuring that the sewage treatment safety meets the safety standards and meets the sustainability of crude oil production.
引文
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[2]彭波.三元复合驱采出水腐蚀结垢机制及其影响因素研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2015.PENG Bo.Study on corrosion and fouling mechanism of quaternary composite flooding and its influencing factors[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2015.
[3]万斌,叶永东,王钦平.油田采出水回注处理的现状与发展[J].广东化工,2012,39(9):50-51.WAN Bin,YE Yongdong,WANG Qinping.Current status and development of oilfield produced water reinjection treatment[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2012,39(9):50-51.
[4]张强.青海油田BS污水处理站改造的技术工艺优选[J].油气田地面工程,2017,36(5):51-54.ZHANG Qiang.Technical process optimization of BS sewage treatment station transformation in Qinghai Oilfield[J].Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering,2017,36(5):51-54.
[5]毕权,王俊颖.油田污水处理技术概述[J].当代化工,2015(7):1605-1608.BI Quan,WANG Junying.Overview of oilfield wastewater treatment technology[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2015(7):1605-1608.
[6]LIDEN T,SANTOS I C,HILDENBRAND Z L,et al.Treatment modalities for the reuse of produced waste from oil and gas development[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,643:107-118.
[7]李晓东.污水回注导致的地质环境安全评价[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2013.LI Xiaodong.Geological environmental safety assessment caused by sewage reinjection[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum(East China),2013.
[8]刘红敏.萨中开发区水驱地层压力系统评价研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2016.LIU Hongmin.Evaluation of water drive formation pressure system in Sazhong Development Zone[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2016.
[9]雷显前.井组增压注水在江汉油区低渗透油藏的应用[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2005,18(6):37-39.LEI Xianqian.Application of well group pressurized water injection in low permeability reservoirs in Jianghan Oil Region[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum University of Staff and Workers,2005,18(6):37-39.
[10]冯天宇.一种高效反相破乳剂在海上油田的应用[J].云南化工,2018,45(2):122-123.FENG Tianyu.Application of a high-efficiency reverse phase demulsifier in offshore oilfields[J].Yunnan Chemical Industry,2018,45(2):122-123.
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