不同竞争强度下的沙地樟子松天然林树木径向生长及其气候响应
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摘要
以呼伦贝尔沙地樟子松天然林为研究对象,采用竞争指数与树木年代学等分析方法,研究了竞争对樟子松树木径向生长及其气候响应的影响。结果表明:竞争显著影响了沙地樟子松树木的生长;竞争能力强的树木主要对当年生长季的月均最高温度、降水和相对湿度响应更加敏感,而竞争能力弱的树木则对前一年冬季月均最低温度、前一年生长季的降水和相对湿度的响应更加敏感;低竞争指数和高竞争指数组的树木,特别是竞争力较强的树木对干旱的响应非常敏感,而中等竞争能力的树木干旱响应较不敏感。综合来看,林木之间的竞争关系对沙地樟子松树木生长及其气候响应具有较显著的影响,本研究可为气候变化背景下樟子松天然林的经营与管理提供一定的科学依据。
To understand the radial growth of Mongolian pine( Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica)and its response to climate at different competition intensities,the tree-ring width chronology and its competition of Mongolian pine in Hulunbuir Sandy Land was analyzed using tree chronology analysis and competitive index. Results showed that competition significantly affected the radial growth of Mongolian pine. For the radial growth,large trees with low competition were more sensitive to the monthly average maximum temperature,precipitation,and relative humidity of the growing season,while small trees with low competition index were more sensitive to the lowest monthly temperature,precipitation and relative humidity in the previous year's growing season.Drought had greater impact on large trees and small trees than on medium-sized trees,especially on large trees with strong competitiveness. In general,the radial growth and climate response of Mongolian pine in Hulunbeier Sandy Land were significantly affected by the competition. Our results provide scientific basis for the management of natural Mongolian pine forests under the background of climate change.
To understand the radial growth of Mongolian pine( Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica)and its response to climate at different competition intensities,the tree-ring width chronology and its competition of Mongolian pine in Hulunbuir Sandy Land was analyzed using tree chronology analysis and competitive index. Results showed that competition significantly affected the radial growth of Mongolian pine. For the radial growth,large trees with low competition were more sensitive to the monthly average maximum temperature,precipitation,and relative humidity of the growing season,while small trees with low competition index were more sensitive to the lowest monthly temperature,precipitation and relative humidity in the previous year's growing season.Drought had greater impact on large trees and small trees than on medium-sized trees,especially on large trees with strong competitiveness. In general,the radial growth and climate response of Mongolian pine in Hulunbeier Sandy Land were significantly affected by the competition. Our results provide scientific basis for the management of natural Mongolian pine forests under the background of climate change.
引文
巢林,刘艳艳,张伟东,等.2017.沼泽交错带白桦个体生长动态及径阶结构与种内种间竞争.生态学杂志,36(3):577-583.
韩大校,金光泽.2017.地形和竞争对典型阔叶红松林不同生长阶段树木胸径生长的影响.北京林业大学学报,39(1):9-19.
姜庆彪,赵秀海,高露双,等.2012.不同径级油松径向生长对气候的响应.生态学报,32(12):3859-3865.
李宗善,刘国华,傅伯杰,等.2011.不同去趋势方法对树轮年表气候信号的影响---以卧龙地区为例.植物生态学报,35(7):707-721.
梁尔源,邵雪梅,刘鸿雁,等.2007.树轮所记录的公元1842年以来内蒙古东部浑善达克沙地PDSI的变化.科学通报,52(14):1694-1699.
梁尔源.2001.白扦的树木年轮生态学研究(博士学位论文).北京:中国科学院植物研究所.
刘洪滨,邵雪梅.2003.利用树轮重建秦岭地区历史时期初春温度变化.地理学报,58(6):879-884.
柳江,洪伟,吴承祯,等.2001.天然更新檫木林竞争规律研究.江西农业大学学报,23(2):240-243.
马士友.2016.北京地区侧柏人工林径向生长对采伐、气候因子的响应研究(硕士学位论文).北京:北京林业大学.
潘磊磊,Kwon Se Myung,刘艳书,等.2019.沙地樟子松天然林南缘分布区林木竞争、空间格局及其更新特征.生态学报,DOI:10.5846/stxb201804270955
彭剑峰,勾晓华,陈发虎,等.2007.阿尼玛卿山地不同海拔青海云杉(Picea crassifolia)树轮生长特性及其对气候的响应.生态学报,27(8):3268-3276.
商志远,王建,崔明星,等.2012.樟子松树轮δ13C的年内变化特征及其对气候要素的响应.植物生态学报,36(12):1256-1267.
尚建勋,时忠杰,高吉喜,等.2012.呼伦贝尔沙地樟子松年轮生长对气候变化的响应.生态学报,32(4):1077-1084.
邵国凡.1985.红松人工林单木生长模型的研究.东北林业大学学报,13(3):38-46.
孙嘉男,王孝安,郭华,等.2010.黄土高原柴松群落优势乔木树种的竞争关系.生态学杂志,29(11):2162-2167.
王晓春,宋来萍,张远东.2011.大兴安岭北部樟子松树木生长与气候因子的关系.植物生态学报,35(3):294-302.
徐文铎.1998.中国沙地森林生态系统.北京:中国林业出版社.
闫德仁,王玉华,姚洪林,等.2010.呼伦贝尔沙地.呼和浩特:内蒙古大学出版社.
喻泓,杨晓晖,慈龙骏.2009.内蒙古呼伦贝尔沙地不同樟子松林竞争强度的比较.应用生态学报,20(2):250-255.
张池,黄忠良,李炯,等.2006.黄果厚壳桂种内与种间竞争的数量关系.应用生态学报,17(1):22-26.
张先亮,何兴元,陈振举,等.2011.大兴安岭山地樟子松径向生长对气候变暖的响应---以满归地区为例.应用生态学报,22(12):3101-3108.
张晓,潘磊磊,Semyung Kwon,等.2018.沙地天然樟子松径向生长对干旱的响应.北京林业大学学报,40(7):27-35.
赵慧颖.2007.呼伦贝尔沙地45年来气候变化及其对生态环境的影响.生态学杂志,26(11):1817-1821.
中国科学院内蒙古宁夏综合考察队.1985.内蒙古植被.北京:科学出版社.
中国科学院内蒙宁夏综合考察队.1980.内蒙古自治区及东北西部地区地貌.北京:科学出版社.
邹春静,徐文铎.1998.沙地云杉种内、种间竞争的研究.植物生态学报,22(3):269-274.
Aakala T,Fraver S,D’Amato AW,et al.2013.Influence of competition and age on tree growth in structurally complex old-growth forests in northern Minnesota,USA.Forest Ecology and Management,308:128-135.
Becker P,Meinzer FC,Wullschleger SD.2000.Hydraulic limitation of tree height:A critique.Functional Ecology,14:4-11.
Briffa KR,Jones PD.1990.Basic chronology statistics and assessment//Cook ER,Kairiukstis LA,eds.Methods of Dendrochronolgy.Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers:137-152.
Callaway RM,Delucia EH,Schlesinger WH.1994.Biomass allocation of montane and desert ponderosa pine:An analog for response to climate change.Ecology,75:1474-1481.
Carnwath GC,Nelson CR.2016.The effect of competition on responses to drought and interannual climate variability of a dominant conifer tree of western North America.Journal of Ecology,104:1421-1431.
Cescatti A,Piutti E.1998.Silvicultural alternatives,competition regime and sensitivity to climate in a European beech forest.Forest Ecology and Management,102:213-223.
Deng X,Zhang QB.2015.Tree growth and climate sensitivity in open and closed forests of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.Dendrochronologia,33:25-30.
Fang K,Chen D,Gou X,et al.2015.Influence of non-climatic factors on the relationships between tree growth and climate over the Chinese Loess Plateau.Global&Planetary Change,132:54-63.
Ford ED.1975.Competition and stand structure in some evenaged plant monocultures.Journal of Ecology,63:311-333.
Fritt HC.1966.Growth-rings of trees:their correlation with climate.Science,154:973-979.
Gao J,Shi Z,Xu L,et al.2013.Precipitation variability in Hulunbuir,northeastern China since 1829AD reconstructed from tree-rings and its linkage with remote oceans.Journal of Arid Environments,95:14-21.
Hegyi F.1974.A simulation model for managing jack-pine stands.Royal College of Forestry Research Notes,30:74-90.
Holmes RL,Adams RK,Fritts HC.1986.Tree-ring chronologies of western North America:California,eastern Oregon and northern Great Basin with procedures used in the chronology development work including users manuals for computer programs COFECHA and ARSTAN.
IPCC.Climate change 2013:The physical science basis.Wording Group I:Contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Kerhoulas LP,Kane JM.2012.Sensitivity of ring growth and carbon allocation to climatic variation vary within ponderosa pine trees.Tree Physiology,32:14-23.
Linares JC,Camarero JJ,Carreira JA.2010.Competition modulates the adaptation capacity of forests to climatic stress:insights from recent growth decline and death in relict stands of the Mediterranean fir Abies pinsapo.Journal of E-cology,98:592-603.
Liu Y,Bao G,Song H,et al.2009.Precipitation reconstruction from Hailar pine(Pinus sylvestris,var.mongolica)tree rings in the Hailar region,Inner Mongolia,China back to1865AD.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,282:81-87.
Madrigal-Gonzalez J,Zavala MA.2014.Competition and tree age modulated last century pine growth responses to high frequency of dry years in a water limited forest ecosystem.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,192-193:18-26.
Martin-Benito D,Cherubini P,Del Rio M,et al.2008.Growth response to climate and drought in Pinus nigra Arn.trees of different crown classes.Trees,22:363-373.
Martin-Benito D,Ddel Rio M,Heinrich I,et al.2010.Response of climate-growth relationships and water use efficiency to thinning in a Pinus nigra afforestation.Forest Ecology and Management,259:967-975.
Meinzer FC,Clearwater MJ,Goldstein G.2001.Water transport in trees:Current perspectives,new insights and some controversies.Environmental&Experimental Botany,45:239-262.
Mencuccini M,Grace J.1995.Climate influences the leaf area/sapwood area ratio in Scots pine.Tree Physiology,15:1-10.
Mérian P,Lebourgeois F.2011.Size-mediated climate-growth relationships in temperate forests:A multi-species analysis.Forest Ecology and Management,261:1382-1391.
Merlin M,Perot T,Perret S,et al.2015.Effects of stand composition and tree size on resistance and resilience to drought in sessile oak and Scots pine.Forest Ecology and Management,339:22-33.
Meyer FD,Bra Ker OU.2001.Climate response in dominant and suppressed spruce trees,Picea abies(L.)Karst.on a subalpine and lower montane site in Switzerland.Ecoscience,8:105-114.
Niinemets U.2002.Stomatal conductance alone does not explain the decline in foliar photosynthetic rates with increasing tree age and size in Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris.Tree Physiology,22:515-535
Niinemets U.2010.A review of light interception in plant stands from leaf to canopy in different plant functional types and in species with varying shade tolerance.Ecological Research,25:693-714.
Primicia I,Camarero JJ,Janda P,et al.2015.Age,competition,disturbance and elevation effects on tree and stand growth response of primary Picea abies forest to climate.Forest Ecology and Management,354:77-86.
Rathgeber CBK,Rossi S,Bontemps JD.2011.Cambial activity related to tree size in a mature silver-fir plantation.Annals of Botany,108:429-438.
Rozas V,Olano JM.2013.Environmental heterogeneity and neighbourhood interference modulate the individual response of Juniperus thurifera,tree-ring growth to climate.Dendrochronologia,31:105-113.
Shi Z,Xu L,Dong L,et al.2015.Growth-climate response and drought reconstruction from tree-ring of Mongolian pine in Hulunbuir,Northeast China.Journal of Plant Ecology,9:51-60.
Thomas SC,Winner WE.2002.Photosynthetic differences between saplings and adult trees:An integration of field results by meta-analysis.Tree Physiology,22:117-127.
van der Schrier G,Barichivich J,Briffa KR,et al.2013.Asc PDSI-based global data set of dry and wet spells for 1901-2009.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,118:4025-4048.
韩大校,金光泽.2017.地形和竞争对典型阔叶红松林不同生长阶段树木胸径生长的影响.北京林业大学学报,39(1):9-19.
姜庆彪,赵秀海,高露双,等.2012.不同径级油松径向生长对气候的响应.生态学报,32(12):3859-3865.
李宗善,刘国华,傅伯杰,等.2011.不同去趋势方法对树轮年表气候信号的影响---以卧龙地区为例.植物生态学报,35(7):707-721.
梁尔源,邵雪梅,刘鸿雁,等.2007.树轮所记录的公元1842年以来内蒙古东部浑善达克沙地PDSI的变化.科学通报,52(14):1694-1699.
梁尔源.2001.白扦的树木年轮生态学研究(博士学位论文).北京:中国科学院植物研究所.
刘洪滨,邵雪梅.2003.利用树轮重建秦岭地区历史时期初春温度变化.地理学报,58(6):879-884.
柳江,洪伟,吴承祯,等.2001.天然更新檫木林竞争规律研究.江西农业大学学报,23(2):240-243.
马士友.2016.北京地区侧柏人工林径向生长对采伐、气候因子的响应研究(硕士学位论文).北京:北京林业大学.
潘磊磊,Kwon Se Myung,刘艳书,等.2019.沙地樟子松天然林南缘分布区林木竞争、空间格局及其更新特征.生态学报,DOI:10.5846/stxb201804270955
彭剑峰,勾晓华,陈发虎,等.2007.阿尼玛卿山地不同海拔青海云杉(Picea crassifolia)树轮生长特性及其对气候的响应.生态学报,27(8):3268-3276.
商志远,王建,崔明星,等.2012.樟子松树轮δ13C的年内变化特征及其对气候要素的响应.植物生态学报,36(12):1256-1267.
尚建勋,时忠杰,高吉喜,等.2012.呼伦贝尔沙地樟子松年轮生长对气候变化的响应.生态学报,32(4):1077-1084.
邵国凡.1985.红松人工林单木生长模型的研究.东北林业大学学报,13(3):38-46.
孙嘉男,王孝安,郭华,等.2010.黄土高原柴松群落优势乔木树种的竞争关系.生态学杂志,29(11):2162-2167.
王晓春,宋来萍,张远东.2011.大兴安岭北部樟子松树木生长与气候因子的关系.植物生态学报,35(3):294-302.
徐文铎.1998.中国沙地森林生态系统.北京:中国林业出版社.
闫德仁,王玉华,姚洪林,等.2010.呼伦贝尔沙地.呼和浩特:内蒙古大学出版社.
喻泓,杨晓晖,慈龙骏.2009.内蒙古呼伦贝尔沙地不同樟子松林竞争强度的比较.应用生态学报,20(2):250-255.
张池,黄忠良,李炯,等.2006.黄果厚壳桂种内与种间竞争的数量关系.应用生态学报,17(1):22-26.
张先亮,何兴元,陈振举,等.2011.大兴安岭山地樟子松径向生长对气候变暖的响应---以满归地区为例.应用生态学报,22(12):3101-3108.
张晓,潘磊磊,Semyung Kwon,等.2018.沙地天然樟子松径向生长对干旱的响应.北京林业大学学报,40(7):27-35.
赵慧颖.2007.呼伦贝尔沙地45年来气候变化及其对生态环境的影响.生态学杂志,26(11):1817-1821.
中国科学院内蒙古宁夏综合考察队.1985.内蒙古植被.北京:科学出版社.
中国科学院内蒙宁夏综合考察队.1980.内蒙古自治区及东北西部地区地貌.北京:科学出版社.
邹春静,徐文铎.1998.沙地云杉种内、种间竞争的研究.植物生态学报,22(3):269-274.
Aakala T,Fraver S,D’Amato AW,et al.2013.Influence of competition and age on tree growth in structurally complex old-growth forests in northern Minnesota,USA.Forest Ecology and Management,308:128-135.
Becker P,Meinzer FC,Wullschleger SD.2000.Hydraulic limitation of tree height:A critique.Functional Ecology,14:4-11.
Briffa KR,Jones PD.1990.Basic chronology statistics and assessment//Cook ER,Kairiukstis LA,eds.Methods of Dendrochronolgy.Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers:137-152.
Callaway RM,Delucia EH,Schlesinger WH.1994.Biomass allocation of montane and desert ponderosa pine:An analog for response to climate change.Ecology,75:1474-1481.
Carnwath GC,Nelson CR.2016.The effect of competition on responses to drought and interannual climate variability of a dominant conifer tree of western North America.Journal of Ecology,104:1421-1431.
Cescatti A,Piutti E.1998.Silvicultural alternatives,competition regime and sensitivity to climate in a European beech forest.Forest Ecology and Management,102:213-223.
Deng X,Zhang QB.2015.Tree growth and climate sensitivity in open and closed forests of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.Dendrochronologia,33:25-30.
Fang K,Chen D,Gou X,et al.2015.Influence of non-climatic factors on the relationships between tree growth and climate over the Chinese Loess Plateau.Global&Planetary Change,132:54-63.
Ford ED.1975.Competition and stand structure in some evenaged plant monocultures.Journal of Ecology,63:311-333.
Fritt HC.1966.Growth-rings of trees:their correlation with climate.Science,154:973-979.
Gao J,Shi Z,Xu L,et al.2013.Precipitation variability in Hulunbuir,northeastern China since 1829AD reconstructed from tree-rings and its linkage with remote oceans.Journal of Arid Environments,95:14-21.
Hegyi F.1974.A simulation model for managing jack-pine stands.Royal College of Forestry Research Notes,30:74-90.
Holmes RL,Adams RK,Fritts HC.1986.Tree-ring chronologies of western North America:California,eastern Oregon and northern Great Basin with procedures used in the chronology development work including users manuals for computer programs COFECHA and ARSTAN.
IPCC.Climate change 2013:The physical science basis.Wording Group I:Contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Kerhoulas LP,Kane JM.2012.Sensitivity of ring growth and carbon allocation to climatic variation vary within ponderosa pine trees.Tree Physiology,32:14-23.
Linares JC,Camarero JJ,Carreira JA.2010.Competition modulates the adaptation capacity of forests to climatic stress:insights from recent growth decline and death in relict stands of the Mediterranean fir Abies pinsapo.Journal of E-cology,98:592-603.
Liu Y,Bao G,Song H,et al.2009.Precipitation reconstruction from Hailar pine(Pinus sylvestris,var.mongolica)tree rings in the Hailar region,Inner Mongolia,China back to1865AD.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,282:81-87.
Madrigal-Gonzalez J,Zavala MA.2014.Competition and tree age modulated last century pine growth responses to high frequency of dry years in a water limited forest ecosystem.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,192-193:18-26.
Martin-Benito D,Cherubini P,Del Rio M,et al.2008.Growth response to climate and drought in Pinus nigra Arn.trees of different crown classes.Trees,22:363-373.
Martin-Benito D,Ddel Rio M,Heinrich I,et al.2010.Response of climate-growth relationships and water use efficiency to thinning in a Pinus nigra afforestation.Forest Ecology and Management,259:967-975.
Meinzer FC,Clearwater MJ,Goldstein G.2001.Water transport in trees:Current perspectives,new insights and some controversies.Environmental&Experimental Botany,45:239-262.
Mencuccini M,Grace J.1995.Climate influences the leaf area/sapwood area ratio in Scots pine.Tree Physiology,15:1-10.
Mérian P,Lebourgeois F.2011.Size-mediated climate-growth relationships in temperate forests:A multi-species analysis.Forest Ecology and Management,261:1382-1391.
Merlin M,Perot T,Perret S,et al.2015.Effects of stand composition and tree size on resistance and resilience to drought in sessile oak and Scots pine.Forest Ecology and Management,339:22-33.
Meyer FD,Bra Ker OU.2001.Climate response in dominant and suppressed spruce trees,Picea abies(L.)Karst.on a subalpine and lower montane site in Switzerland.Ecoscience,8:105-114.
Niinemets U.2002.Stomatal conductance alone does not explain the decline in foliar photosynthetic rates with increasing tree age and size in Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris.Tree Physiology,22:515-535
Niinemets U.2010.A review of light interception in plant stands from leaf to canopy in different plant functional types and in species with varying shade tolerance.Ecological Research,25:693-714.
Primicia I,Camarero JJ,Janda P,et al.2015.Age,competition,disturbance and elevation effects on tree and stand growth response of primary Picea abies forest to climate.Forest Ecology and Management,354:77-86.
Rathgeber CBK,Rossi S,Bontemps JD.2011.Cambial activity related to tree size in a mature silver-fir plantation.Annals of Botany,108:429-438.
Rozas V,Olano JM.2013.Environmental heterogeneity and neighbourhood interference modulate the individual response of Juniperus thurifera,tree-ring growth to climate.Dendrochronologia,31:105-113.
Shi Z,Xu L,Dong L,et al.2015.Growth-climate response and drought reconstruction from tree-ring of Mongolian pine in Hulunbuir,Northeast China.Journal of Plant Ecology,9:51-60.
Thomas SC,Winner WE.2002.Photosynthetic differences between saplings and adult trees:An integration of field results by meta-analysis.Tree Physiology,22:117-127.
van der Schrier G,Barichivich J,Briffa KR,et al.2013.Asc PDSI-based global data set of dry and wet spells for 1901-2009.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,118:4025-4048.
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