川中地区震旦系灯影组丘滩相储层差异性对勘探模式的影响
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摘要
四川盆地震旦系灯影组四段是重要勘探层系之一,发育受岩溶作用改造的丘滩相储层,截至2018年高石梯—磨溪地区灯影组四段台缘区整体探明储量规模达4.085×10~(11)m~3。目前,灯四段勘探从台缘区走向台内地区,台缘和台内储层品质差异较大,台内储层发育分布的研究对后期勘探开发尤为重要。为此,基于实钻井岩心观察、地震以及测录井等资料,从沉积环境及储层成岩作用等方面入手,分析川中地区震旦系灯影组四段台缘区及台内区储层共性与差异性特征,并探讨其控制因素。研究表明:①台缘区与台内区均发育丘滩相+岩溶作用控制的裂缝-孔洞型储层,储层大面积叠置连片发育;②造成两者储层品质差异如此大的主要影响因素包括有利丘滩相发育程度、桐湾末期表生岩溶强度、储层纵向发育程度及储层发育位置等方面;③根据储层发育特征研究,建立台缘区与台内区储层地震反射模式,优选及设计井型,提出针对台内区薄储层应采用水平井及大斜度井为主的勘探模式,以利于提高台内区储层钻遇率,提高单井产量。以此勘探模式指导台内区薄储层的井位部署并取得良好应用效果。
As developed karstification-reformed bioherm beach facies reservoirs, the Sinian Dengying 4 Member is one of the main exploration layers in Sichuan Basin. As of 2018, its overall proved reserves in marginal platform, Gaoshiti-Moxi area, reached 4 085×10~8 m~3. Currently, its exploration is moving to intra-platform from marginal platform. And there is greater difference between reservoir quality in these two platforms. It's essential to carry out a study on reservoir development and distribution in intra-platform for further exploration and development. So, based on core analysis, and seismic and well-logging data, the reservoir characteristics in common and those in difference between marginal platform and intra-platform of Dengying 4 Member in central basin were analyzed with sedimentary environment and diagenesis as the beginning point. In addition, many influencing factors were discussed. Results show that(1) fractured-vuggy reservoirs influenced by bioherm beach facies and karstification are developed in both marginal platform and intra-platform. Superimposed and massive reservoirs are also developed extensively;(2) the main influential factors leading to such large difference in reservoir quality between these two platforms include the development degree of favorable bioherm beach facies, the epigenetic karstification strength at the end of Tongwanian period, the vertical development degree, and the development position; and(3) a seismic reflection pattern is established for the reservoirs in marginal platform and intra-platform, well types are optimized and designed. And it is recommended to apply an exploration model with horizontal and highly deviated wells as the dominant to those thin reservoirs in intra-platform so as to improve drilling rate and single-well production. This model has been well used to guide gas exploration and well deployment in these thin reservoirs in intra-platform.
As developed karstification-reformed bioherm beach facies reservoirs, the Sinian Dengying 4 Member is one of the main exploration layers in Sichuan Basin. As of 2018, its overall proved reserves in marginal platform, Gaoshiti-Moxi area, reached 4 085×10~8 m~3. Currently, its exploration is moving to intra-platform from marginal platform. And there is greater difference between reservoir quality in these two platforms. It's essential to carry out a study on reservoir development and distribution in intra-platform for further exploration and development. So, based on core analysis, and seismic and well-logging data, the reservoir characteristics in common and those in difference between marginal platform and intra-platform of Dengying 4 Member in central basin were analyzed with sedimentary environment and diagenesis as the beginning point. In addition, many influencing factors were discussed. Results show that(1) fractured-vuggy reservoirs influenced by bioherm beach facies and karstification are developed in both marginal platform and intra-platform. Superimposed and massive reservoirs are also developed extensively;(2) the main influential factors leading to such large difference in reservoir quality between these two platforms include the development degree of favorable bioherm beach facies, the epigenetic karstification strength at the end of Tongwanian period, the vertical development degree, and the development position; and(3) a seismic reflection pattern is established for the reservoirs in marginal platform and intra-platform, well types are optimized and designed. And it is recommended to apply an exploration model with horizontal and highly deviated wells as the dominant to those thin reservoirs in intra-platform so as to improve drilling rate and single-well production. This model has been well used to guide gas exploration and well deployment in these thin reservoirs in intra-platform.
引文
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[10]杨雨,黄先平,张健,等.四川盆地寒武系沉积前震旦系顶界岩溶地貌特征及其地质意义[J].天然气工业,2014,34(3):38-43.Yang Yu,Huang Xianping,Zhang Jian,et al.Features and geologic significances of the top Sinian karst landform before the Cambrian deposition in the Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(3):38-43.
[11]李启桂,李克胜,周卓铸,等.四川盆地桐湾不整合面古地貌特征与岩溶分布预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(4):516-521.Li Qigui,Li Kesheng,Zhou Zhuozhu,et al.Palaeogeomorphology and karst distribution of Tongwan unconformity in Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2013,34(4):516-521.
[12]李忠权,刘记,李应,等.四川盆地震旦系威远-安岳拉张侵蚀槽特征及形成演化[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(1):26-33.Li Zhongquan,Liu Ji,Li Ying,et al.Formation and evolution of Weiyuan-Anyue extension-erosion groove in Sinian system,Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(1):26-33.
[13]魏国齐,杨威,杜金虎,等.四川盆地震旦纪-早寒武世克拉通内裂陷地质特征[J].天然气工业,2015,35(1):24-35.Wei Guoqi,Yang Wei,Du Jinhu,et al.Geological characteristics of the Sinian-Early Cambrian intracratonic rift,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(1):24-35.
[14]邓韦克,刘翔,李翼杉.川中震旦系灯影组储集层形成及演化研究[J].天然气勘探与开发,2015,38(3):12-16.Deng Weike,Liu Xiang&Li Yishan.Reservoir formation and evolution of Sinian Dengying Formation,central Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2015,38(3):12-16.
[15]张红英,周肖,谢冰,等.四川盆地安岳高石梯-磨溪构造震旦系灯影组测井产能预测方法[J].天然气勘探与开发,2014,32(2):35-37.Zhang Hongying,Zhou Xiao,Xie Bing,et al.Deliverability prediction by well-logging data for Sinian Dengying Formation of Gaoshiti-Moxi structure,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2014,37(2):35-37.
[16]李熙喆,郭振华,胡勇,等.中国超深层构造型大气田高效开发策略[J].石油勘探与开发,2018,45(1):111-118.Li Xizhe,Guo Zhenhua,Hu Yong,et al.Efficient development strategies for large ultra-deep structural gas fields in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2018,45(1):111-118.
[17]韩慧芬.四川盆地上震旦统灯四段气藏提高单井产量的技术措施[J].天然气工业,2017,37(8):40-47.Han Huifen.Technological measures for improving single-well productivity of gas reservoirs of Upper Sinian Deng 4 Member in the Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(8):40-47.
[2]杨跃明,文龙,罗冰,等.四川盆地乐山-龙女寺古隆起震旦系天然气成藏特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(2):179-188.Yang Yueming,Wen Long,Luo Bing,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation of Sinian natural gas reservoirs,Leshan-Longnüsi paleohigh,Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(2):179-188.
[3]魏国齐,杨威,杜金虎,等.四川盆地高石梯-磨溪古隆起构造特征及对特大型气田形成的控制作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(3):257-265.Wei Guoqi,Yang Wei,Du Jinhu,et al.Tectonic feature of Gaoshiti-Moxi paleo-uplift and its controls on the formation of a giant gas field,Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(3):257-265.
[4]杨光,李国辉,李楠,等.四川盆地多层系油气成藏特征与富集规律[J].天然气工业,2016,36(1):1-11.Yang Guang,Li Guohui,Li Nan,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics and enrichment laws of multi-layered reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(1):1-11.
[5]罗冰,罗文军,王文之,等.四川盆地乐山-龙女寺古隆起震旦系气藏形成机制[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(3):444-455.Luo Bing,Luo Wenjun,Wang Wenzhi,et al.Formation mechanism of the Sinian natural gas reservoir in the Leshan-Longnvsi Paleo-uplift,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(3):444-455.
[6]罗冰,杨跃明,罗文军,等.川中古隆起灯影组储层发育控制因素及展布[J].石油学报,2015,36(4):416-426.Luo Bing,Yang Yueming,Luo Wenjun,et al.Controlling factors and distribution of reservoir development in Dengying Formation of paleo-uplift in central Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(4):416-426.
[7]陈娅娜,沈安江,潘立银,等.微生物白云岩储集层特征、成因和分布--以四川盆地震旦系灯影组四段为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(5):704-715.Chen Yana,Shen Anjiang,Pan Liyin,et al.Features,origin and distribution of microbial dolomite reservoirs:A case study of4th Member of Sinian Dengying Formation in Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(5):704-715.
[8]罗平,王石,李朋威,等.微生物碳酸盐岩油气储层研究现状与展望[J].沉积学报,2013,31(5):807-823.Luo Ping,Wang Shi,Li Pengwei,et al.Review and prospectives of microbial carbonate reservoirs[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2013,31(5):807-823.
[9]王文之,杨跃明,文龙,等.微生物碳酸盐岩沉积特征研究-以四川盆地高磨地区灯影组为例[J].中国地质,2016,43(1):306-318.Wang Wenzhi,Yang Yueming,Wen Long,et al.A study of sedimentary characteristics of microbial carbonate:A case study of the Sinian Dengying Formation in Gaomo area,Sichuan Basin[J].Geology in China,2016,43(1):306-318.
[10]杨雨,黄先平,张健,等.四川盆地寒武系沉积前震旦系顶界岩溶地貌特征及其地质意义[J].天然气工业,2014,34(3):38-43.Yang Yu,Huang Xianping,Zhang Jian,et al.Features and geologic significances of the top Sinian karst landform before the Cambrian deposition in the Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(3):38-43.
[11]李启桂,李克胜,周卓铸,等.四川盆地桐湾不整合面古地貌特征与岩溶分布预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(4):516-521.Li Qigui,Li Kesheng,Zhou Zhuozhu,et al.Palaeogeomorphology and karst distribution of Tongwan unconformity in Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2013,34(4):516-521.
[12]李忠权,刘记,李应,等.四川盆地震旦系威远-安岳拉张侵蚀槽特征及形成演化[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(1):26-33.Li Zhongquan,Liu Ji,Li Ying,et al.Formation and evolution of Weiyuan-Anyue extension-erosion groove in Sinian system,Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(1):26-33.
[13]魏国齐,杨威,杜金虎,等.四川盆地震旦纪-早寒武世克拉通内裂陷地质特征[J].天然气工业,2015,35(1):24-35.Wei Guoqi,Yang Wei,Du Jinhu,et al.Geological characteristics of the Sinian-Early Cambrian intracratonic rift,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(1):24-35.
[14]邓韦克,刘翔,李翼杉.川中震旦系灯影组储集层形成及演化研究[J].天然气勘探与开发,2015,38(3):12-16.Deng Weike,Liu Xiang&Li Yishan.Reservoir formation and evolution of Sinian Dengying Formation,central Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2015,38(3):12-16.
[15]张红英,周肖,谢冰,等.四川盆地安岳高石梯-磨溪构造震旦系灯影组测井产能预测方法[J].天然气勘探与开发,2014,32(2):35-37.Zhang Hongying,Zhou Xiao,Xie Bing,et al.Deliverability prediction by well-logging data for Sinian Dengying Formation of Gaoshiti-Moxi structure,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2014,37(2):35-37.
[16]李熙喆,郭振华,胡勇,等.中国超深层构造型大气田高效开发策略[J].石油勘探与开发,2018,45(1):111-118.Li Xizhe,Guo Zhenhua,Hu Yong,et al.Efficient development strategies for large ultra-deep structural gas fields in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2018,45(1):111-118.
[17]韩慧芬.四川盆地上震旦统灯四段气藏提高单井产量的技术措施[J].天然气工业,2017,37(8):40-47.Han Huifen.Technological measures for improving single-well productivity of gas reservoirs of Upper Sinian Deng 4 Member in the Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(8):40-47.
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