联盟惯例对企业双元创新能力的影响机制研究
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摘要
经济全球化背景下,企业为了获取互补性资源,提升创新能力,运用战略联盟应对多变的外部环境。战略联盟中涵盖多样性的伙伴,其管理充满复杂性和不确定性,现实中战略联盟的高失败率充分体现了这一现象。联盟惯例是维持并协调战略联盟运行的关键因素,但已有研究对于联盟惯例与企业创新能力之间存在何种联系的认识是模糊的。基于组织学习、资源理论和创新管理理论,从联盟惯例的内涵出发,研究联盟惯例的行动逻辑、内隐规范和交互共识3个维度分别对企业双元创新能力(突破性创新能力和渐进性创新能力)的影响机制,剖析联盟惯例通过组织间学习的中介作用对双元创新能力的影响。在以吸收能力作为情景变量时,研究联盟惯例通过组织间学习的中介作用对双元创新能力的影响机制。构建联盟惯例、组织间学习、吸收能力与双元创新能力之间关系的理论模型,通过对264家联盟企业进行问卷调研获得研究样本,运用分层回归分析对理论假设进行实证检验,揭示联盟惯例提升企业双元创新能力的作用机制。研究结果表明,联盟惯例的行动逻辑、内隐规范、交互共识对企业双元创新能力均有显著正向影响,且联盟惯例对渐进性创新能力的正向影响更大。组织间学习在联盟惯例对双元创新能力的影响机制中有中介作用;吸收能力在行动逻辑和内隐规范对双元创新能力的影响机制中起调节作用,但对交互共识影响双元创新能力的调节作用不显著。通过构建联盟惯例对双元创新能力的作用框架,呼吁增加对战略联盟研究中非契约手段的关注,促进组织间学习和吸收能力这两种不同层面创新行为的双向理论融合,并为企业协调战略联盟内部要素间关系、提高和重塑企业创新竞争优势提供关键的实践指导。
Nowadays,in order to obtain complementary resources and enhance innovation capability in response to turbulent environment,firms take strategic alliances as the solution in the wave of economic globalization. Due to diversified partner relationships,it involves much more complexity and uncertainty in management,demonstrated by high failure rate of strategic alliances in practice. As one of the key factors maintaining the stable operation of strategic alliances,routines are of great importance.However,the understanding about the relationship between alliance routines and innovation capabilities of firms remains unclear in existing literatures.Based on the theories of organizational learning,resource and innovation management,the impacts of the three dimensions of alliance routines( action logic,implicit norms and mutual consensus) upon ambidextrous innovation capability( breakthrough innovation capability,incremental innovation capability) are examined. These findings demonstrate the mechanism of alliance routines impacts on the ambidextrous innovation capability of the firm through the mediation of interorganizational learning with absorptive capacity as a contextual variable. Based on the survey data of 264 alliance firms,the study used hierarchical regression analysis to empirically test the theoretical hypotheses,and revealed the functions of alliance routines on improving the ambidextrous innovation capabilities of firms.The results show that alliance routines( action logic,implicit norms,and mutual consensus) have significant positive effects on ambidextrous innovation capability,with more significant effects on incremental innovation capability than on breakthrough innovation capability. The mediating role of interorganizational learning in the above mechanism is confirmed. Furthermore,the moderating effect of absorptive capacity positively between alliance routines( action logic,implicit norms) and ambidextrous innovation capabilities is supported,while its moderating effects on the mutual consensus and ambidextrous innovation capabilities is not significant.By constructing the framework of alliance routines' influence on innovation capabilities,this study calls for more attention to the non-contractual approach in the research on strategic alliances,and the integration of interorganizational learning and absorptive capacities as innovation behaviors at two different levels. Not only that,some practical implications are provided to firms in favor of coordinating the relationship between internal elements of strategic alliance,improving and rebuilding innovative competitive advantages.
Nowadays,in order to obtain complementary resources and enhance innovation capability in response to turbulent environment,firms take strategic alliances as the solution in the wave of economic globalization. Due to diversified partner relationships,it involves much more complexity and uncertainty in management,demonstrated by high failure rate of strategic alliances in practice. As one of the key factors maintaining the stable operation of strategic alliances,routines are of great importance.However,the understanding about the relationship between alliance routines and innovation capabilities of firms remains unclear in existing literatures.Based on the theories of organizational learning,resource and innovation management,the impacts of the three dimensions of alliance routines( action logic,implicit norms and mutual consensus) upon ambidextrous innovation capability( breakthrough innovation capability,incremental innovation capability) are examined. These findings demonstrate the mechanism of alliance routines impacts on the ambidextrous innovation capability of the firm through the mediation of interorganizational learning with absorptive capacity as a contextual variable. Based on the survey data of 264 alliance firms,the study used hierarchical regression analysis to empirically test the theoretical hypotheses,and revealed the functions of alliance routines on improving the ambidextrous innovation capabilities of firms.The results show that alliance routines( action logic,implicit norms,and mutual consensus) have significant positive effects on ambidextrous innovation capability,with more significant effects on incremental innovation capability than on breakthrough innovation capability. The mediating role of interorganizational learning in the above mechanism is confirmed. Furthermore,the moderating effect of absorptive capacity positively between alliance routines( action logic,implicit norms) and ambidextrous innovation capabilities is supported,while its moderating effects on the mutual consensus and ambidextrous innovation capabilities is not significant.By constructing the framework of alliance routines' influence on innovation capabilities,this study calls for more attention to the non-contractual approach in the research on strategic alliances,and the integration of interorganizational learning and absorptive capacities as innovation behaviors at two different levels. Not only that,some practical implications are provided to firms in favor of coordinating the relationship between internal elements of strategic alliance,improving and rebuilding innovative competitive advantages.
引文
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[9]孙永磊,党兴华,宋晶.基于网络惯例的双元能力对合作创新绩效的影响.管理科学,2014,27(2):38-47.SUN Yonglei,DANG Xinghua,SONG Jing.Impacts of ambidextrous competence on cooperative innovation performance based on network routines.Journal of Management Science,2014,27(2):38-47.(in Chinese)
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[11]王国顺,杨昆.社会资本、吸收能力对创新绩效影响的实证研究.管理科学,2011,24(5):23-36.WANG Guoshun,YANG Kun.An empirical study of the influence of social capitaland a bsorptive capacity on innovation performance.Journal of Management Science,2011,24(5):23-36.(in Chinese)
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[13]SULL D,HOMKES R,SULL C.Why strategy execution unravels-and what to do about it.Harvard Business Review,2015,93(3):58-66.
[14]DYER J H,SINGH H.The relational view:cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage.The Academy of Management Review,1998,23(4):660-679.
[15]SRIVASTAVA M K,GNYAWALI D R,HATFIELD D E.Behavioral implications of absorptive capacity:the role of technological effort and technological capability in leveraging alliance network technological resources.Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2015,92(3):346-358.
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[17]TORTORIELLO M.The social underpinnings of absorptive capacity:the moderating effects of structural holes on innovation generation based on external knowledge.Strategic Management Journal,2015,36(4):586-597.
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