马尾松林在湖北省森林生态服务中的地位与作用
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摘要
本文以湖北省2009年森林资源二类清查数据为基础数据,结合野外调查实测数据和公开发表的文献数据,采用国家林业局颁布的林业行业标准《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》(LY/T1721—2008),对湖北省不同森林类型的生态服务功能及价值进行了评估,以期探讨马尾松林在湖北省森林资源中的重要作用。结果表明:湖北省马尾松林生态系统服务功能总价值985.5亿元·a~(-1),各类别服务价值顺序为:固碳释氧(363.7亿元·a~(-1))>生物多样性保护(256.2亿元·a~(-1))>涵养水源(149.0亿元·a~(-1))>净化大气环境(112.9亿元·a~(-1))>保育土壤(79.5亿元·a~(-1))>积累营养物质(24.2亿元·a~(-1))。湖北省马尾松林面积占湖北省所有森林面积的24.3%,在不考虑提供负离子和物种保育价值的前提下其生态服务价值为728.8亿元·a~(-1),占湖北省森林生态服务总价值的27.3%,远大于其他林分类型(栎类13.0%,灌木林12.6%,其他硬阔叶林11.5%,阔叶混交9.5%,杨类5.1%,其他针叶纯林4.4%,杉木4.0%,针阔混交3.6%,其他软阔叶林2.4%,竹林1.5%,针叶混交林0.4%,经济林0.3%)的生态服务价值。马尾松单位面积生态服务价值为32 699.1元·hm-2·a~(-1),高于杨类、栎类、软阔叶林、阔叶混交林、经济林、竹林和灌木林的单位面积生态服务价值。湖北省马尾松林的生态服务价值主要体现在固碳释氧、生物多样性保护和涵养水源价值上。因此,应当加强对马尾松林的保护和科学管理,以发挥其作为重要造林树种的生态服务功能。
According to the standards of Specifications for assessment of forest ecosystem services in China(LY/T1721—2008)published by State Forestry Administration,we evaluated the ecological service function and value of different forest types in Hubei Province in order to explore the important role of Pinus Massonianaforest in the forest resources of this province based on the forest inventory data in 2009,combined with published literature data and field survey data.The main results are as follows:The ecosystem services value of Pinus massoniana forest in Hubei province was 98.55 billion yuan/a.The order of service value is carbon fixation and oxygen release(36.37 billion yuan/a)> biodiversity conservation(25.62 billion yuan/a)> water conservation(14.90 billion yuan/a)>atmospheric environment purification(11.29 billion yuan/a)>soil conservation(7.95 billion yuan/a)> nutrients accumulation(2.42 billion yuan/a).The area of Pinus massonianaforest in Hubei Province accounts for 24.30%of the total forest area of Hubei Province.The ecological service value of Pinus massonianaforest was 72.88 billion yuan/a without considering the value of providing negative ions and species conservation,accounting for 27.25% of the total forest in Hubei Province,which is much larger than that of other forest types(Quercus spp.forest 13.0%,shrub forest 12.6%,hardwood broadleaved forest 11.5%,broadleaved mixed forest 9.5%,Populus forest 5.1%,pure coniferous forest 4.4%,Cunninghamia lanceolate forest 4.0%,coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest 3.6%,soft broadleaved forest 2.4%,bamboo forest 1.5%,coniferous mixed forest0.4%,economic forest 0.3%).The per unit area value of Pinus massoniana forest was 32 699.1 yuan·hm-2·a-1,which was higher than the value of Populus forest,Quercus spp.forest,soft broadleaved forest,broadleaved mixed forest,economic forest,bamboo forest and shrub forest.Carbon fixation and oxygen release,biodiversity conservation and water conservation were the main ecological service functions of Pinus massoniana forest in Hubei province.Therefore,the protection and scientific management of Pinus massoniana forest should be strengthened so as to give play to its ecological service function as an important afforestation tree species.
According to the standards of Specifications for assessment of forest ecosystem services in China(LY/T1721—2008)published by State Forestry Administration,we evaluated the ecological service function and value of different forest types in Hubei Province in order to explore the important role of Pinus Massonianaforest in the forest resources of this province based on the forest inventory data in 2009,combined with published literature data and field survey data.The main results are as follows:The ecosystem services value of Pinus massoniana forest in Hubei province was 98.55 billion yuan/a.The order of service value is carbon fixation and oxygen release(36.37 billion yuan/a)> biodiversity conservation(25.62 billion yuan/a)> water conservation(14.90 billion yuan/a)>atmospheric environment purification(11.29 billion yuan/a)>soil conservation(7.95 billion yuan/a)> nutrients accumulation(2.42 billion yuan/a).The area of Pinus massonianaforest in Hubei Province accounts for 24.30%of the total forest area of Hubei Province.The ecological service value of Pinus massonianaforest was 72.88 billion yuan/a without considering the value of providing negative ions and species conservation,accounting for 27.25% of the total forest in Hubei Province,which is much larger than that of other forest types(Quercus spp.forest 13.0%,shrub forest 12.6%,hardwood broadleaved forest 11.5%,broadleaved mixed forest 9.5%,Populus forest 5.1%,pure coniferous forest 4.4%,Cunninghamia lanceolate forest 4.0%,coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest 3.6%,soft broadleaved forest 2.4%,bamboo forest 1.5%,coniferous mixed forest0.4%,economic forest 0.3%).The per unit area value of Pinus massoniana forest was 32 699.1 yuan·hm-2·a-1,which was higher than the value of Populus forest,Quercus spp.forest,soft broadleaved forest,broadleaved mixed forest,economic forest,bamboo forest and shrub forest.Carbon fixation and oxygen release,biodiversity conservation and water conservation were the main ecological service functions of Pinus massoniana forest in Hubei province.Therefore,the protection and scientific management of Pinus massoniana forest should be strengthened so as to give play to its ecological service function as an important afforestation tree species.
引文
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[14]张桂莲.上海市森林生态服务价值评估与分析[J].中国城市林业,2016,14(3):33-38.
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[16]邱书志,王伟,丁骞,等.洮河林区森林生态系统服务功能及价值评估[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(2):97-102.
[17]汪高明.湖北省近47年气温和降水气候特征分析[D].兰州:兰州大学,2009.
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[19]韦立权,韩明臣.广西森林生态系统服务功能及其价值动态变化研究[J].林业经济,2014(12):76-79.
[20]牛香.森林生态效益分布式测算及其定量化补偿研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2012.
[21]王兵,王丹.江西广丰森林生态服务及其价值研究[J].江西科学,2010,28(5):630-637.
[22]刘晓,郭颖,徐海,等.贵州省森林生态系统服务功能的价值评估[J].贵州农业科学,2014(12):60-65.
[23]韩素芸.湖南省主要森林类型生态服务功能及价值评价[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2010.
[24]陈花丹,郭国英,岳新建,等.福建省森林生态系统服务功能价值评估[J].林业勘察设计,2018(1):5-10.
[25]Li Q,Liang Y,Tong B,et al.Compensatory effects between Pinus massoniana and broadleaved tree species[J].Journal of Plant Ecology,2010,3(3):183-189.
[26]黄传伟.沿海丘陵马尾松马占相思混交林生产力和改土效果研究[J].防护林科技,2004(4):8-10.
[27]樊后保,李燕燕,苏兵强,等.马尾松-阔叶树混交异龄林生物量与生产力分配格局[J].生态学报,2006,26(8):2463-2473.
[2]李少宁.江西省暨大岗山森林生态系统服务功能研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2007.
[3]Gamfeldt L,Tord Sn ll,Bagchi R,et al.Higher levels of multiple ecosystem services are found in forests with more tree species[J].Nature Communications,2013,4(1):1340.
[4]吕翼.湖北省马尾松毛虫的发生规律和防治策略[J].湖北农业科学,1966(2):41-44.
[5]吕昌仁,庄小平.湖北省森林害虫生物防治的回顾和展望[J].湖北林业科技,1989(4):1-5.
[6]洪信谱,高方彬.湖北省马尾松人工林密度管理图的编制与应用[J].湖北林业科技,1992(1):11-16.
[7]王鹏程,刘宗友,戴新平,等.运用动态规划进行湖北省太子山马尾松纸浆林密度调控[J].华中农业大学学报,2002,21(4):382-386.
[8]庄尔奇,凌远云,叶要妹.湖北省马尾松人工林多形曲线地位指数表的编制[J].华中农业大学学报,1996(3):289-294.
[9]叶要妹,凌远云,庄尔奇.湖北省马尾松人工林二元立木材积表的编制[J].中南林业调查规划,1996(3):6-8.
[10]庄尔奇,刘强,高方彬,等.湖北省马尾松产区区划研究[J].华中农业大学学报,1997(1):80-86.
[11]庄尔奇,刘强.湖北省马尾松人工林生产力的调查研究[J].湖北林业科技,1991(4):1-5.
[12]孙建平,孙根年.陕西佛坪自然保护区森林生态服务价值测评[J].陕西师范大学学报(自科版),2004,32(3):107-111.
[13]张乐勤,荣慧芳,许杨,等.九华山森林生态系统生态服务价值评估[J].山地学报,2011,29(3):291-298.
[14]张桂莲.上海市森林生态服务价值评估与分析[J].中国城市林业,2016,14(3):33-38.
[15]刘胜涛,高鹏,刘潘伟,等.泰山森林生态系统服务功能及其价值评估[J].生态学报,2017,37(10):3302-3310.
[16]邱书志,王伟,丁骞,等.洮河林区森林生态系统服务功能及价值评估[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(2):97-102.
[17]汪高明.湖北省近47年气温和降水气候特征分析[D].兰州:兰州大学,2009.
[18]湖北省林业生态效益价值评估项目组.湖北省林业生态效益价值评估[J].湖北林业科技,2010(5):1-7.
[19]韦立权,韩明臣.广西森林生态系统服务功能及其价值动态变化研究[J].林业经济,2014(12):76-79.
[20]牛香.森林生态效益分布式测算及其定量化补偿研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2012.
[21]王兵,王丹.江西广丰森林生态服务及其价值研究[J].江西科学,2010,28(5):630-637.
[22]刘晓,郭颖,徐海,等.贵州省森林生态系统服务功能的价值评估[J].贵州农业科学,2014(12):60-65.
[23]韩素芸.湖南省主要森林类型生态服务功能及价值评价[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2010.
[24]陈花丹,郭国英,岳新建,等.福建省森林生态系统服务功能价值评估[J].林业勘察设计,2018(1):5-10.
[25]Li Q,Liang Y,Tong B,et al.Compensatory effects between Pinus massoniana and broadleaved tree species[J].Journal of Plant Ecology,2010,3(3):183-189.
[26]黄传伟.沿海丘陵马尾松马占相思混交林生产力和改土效果研究[J].防护林科技,2004(4):8-10.
[27]樊后保,李燕燕,苏兵强,等.马尾松-阔叶树混交异龄林生物量与生产力分配格局[J].生态学报,2006,26(8):2463-2473.
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