丁酸梭菌对填饲北京鸭生长性能、免疫功能及血液抗氧化能力的影响
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摘要
试验旨在研究饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌对填饲北京鸭生长性能、免疫功能和血液抗氧化指标的影响。选取1日龄健康北京鸭300只,随机分成5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸭。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加100 mg/kg丁酸梭菌(低剂量组)、200 mg/kg丁酸梭菌(中剂量组)、400 mg/kg丁酸梭菌(高剂量组)以及150 mg/kg金霉素(抗生素组)。从第37天开始,对所有北京鸭进行人工填饲,每6 h填饲一次,共填饲5 d,于第42天清晨屠宰取样并检测相关指标。结果表明:①37日龄时,丁酸梭菌组和抗生素组的体重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但42日龄时,各组之间的体重差异不显著(P>0.05)。②与对照组相比,饲粮中添加中剂量的丁酸梭菌可以显著提高填饲北京鸭血清中IgA、IgG、C3和C4的含量(P<0.05)。③与对照组相比,饲粮中添加中剂量和高剂量的丁酸梭菌显著降低填饲北京鸭血清中IL-6和IL-17的含量(P<0.05)。④与对照组相比,只有中剂量组的丁酸梭菌显著提高填饲北京鸭血清中SOD活性(P<0.05),且均显著降低血清中CORT、ROS和MDA的含量(P<0.05)。由此可见,丁酸梭菌和填饲都可以使北京鸭的体重增加,但丁酸梭菌可以有效缓解填饲应激引起的机体氧化应激和炎性反应,并提高机体免疫功能,200 mg/kg的添加效果最佳。
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Clostridium butyricum on growth performance,immune function and serum antioxidative capacity of force-feeding Pekin ducks. A total of 300 Pekin ducks were randomly divided into five treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 10 ducks per replicate. The control group was fed with basal corn-soybean diet, the other four groups were fed with a basal corn-soybean diet with 100 mg/kg,200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum and 150 mg/kg aureomycin, respectively. At 37 days of age, all ducks were force-fed four times per day for 5 days. At 42 days of age, the ducks were slaughtered and collected for analytical measurements. The results were showed as followed: ① At 37 days of age,compared with the control group, Clostridium butyricum and antibiotic increased the body weight significantly(P<0.05), however, at 42 days of age, the body weight showed no significant differences among groups(P>0.05); ② compared with control group, supplementation of 200 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum increased the contents of IgA, IgG, C3 and C4 significantly of Pekin ducks after force-feeding(P<0.05); ③ compared with control group, supplementation of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum decreased the levels of IL-6 and IL-17 significantly of Pekin ducks after force-feeding(P<0.05); ④ compared with control group,only supplementation of 200 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum increased SOD activity significantly(P<0.05) and decreased the contents of CORT, ROS and MDA significantly of Pekin ducks after force-feeding(P<0.05). In conclusion,force-feeding and Clostridium butyricum could both increase the body weight of Pekin ducks, while Clostridium butyricum could alleviate the oxidative stress and inflammatory response induced by force-feeding and improve the immune function, and the best dosage was 200 mg/kg.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Clostridium butyricum on growth performance,immune function and serum antioxidative capacity of force-feeding Pekin ducks. A total of 300 Pekin ducks were randomly divided into five treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 10 ducks per replicate. The control group was fed with basal corn-soybean diet, the other four groups were fed with a basal corn-soybean diet with 100 mg/kg,200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum and 150 mg/kg aureomycin, respectively. At 37 days of age, all ducks were force-fed four times per day for 5 days. At 42 days of age, the ducks were slaughtered and collected for analytical measurements. The results were showed as followed: ① At 37 days of age,compared with the control group, Clostridium butyricum and antibiotic increased the body weight significantly(P<0.05), however, at 42 days of age, the body weight showed no significant differences among groups(P>0.05); ② compared with control group, supplementation of 200 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum increased the contents of IgA, IgG, C3 and C4 significantly of Pekin ducks after force-feeding(P<0.05); ③ compared with control group, supplementation of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum decreased the levels of IL-6 and IL-17 significantly of Pekin ducks after force-feeding(P<0.05); ④ compared with control group,only supplementation of 200 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum increased SOD activity significantly(P<0.05) and decreased the contents of CORT, ROS and MDA significantly of Pekin ducks after force-feeding(P<0.05). In conclusion,force-feeding and Clostridium butyricum could both increase the body weight of Pekin ducks, while Clostridium butyricum could alleviate the oxidative stress and inflammatory response induced by force-feeding and improve the immune function, and the best dosage was 200 mg/kg.
引文
[1]闻治国,谢明,黄苇,等.不同填饲量对骡鸭生产性能、胴体品质和体脂沉积的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2013,44(3):419-426.
[2]李琨瑛,刘敏雄,王柱三,等.填饲对北京鸭糖耐量的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,1984(1):17-19.
[3]杨紫嫣,张亚茹,王忠,等.填饲应激对北京鸭生产性能、腿部肌肉品质、血清激素和血气指标的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(7):1517-1522.
[4]易中华,敖清根.饲用酪酸菌制剂的研发及其在动物生产中的应用[J].湖南饲料,2013(5):22-24.
[5] YANG C M, CAO G T, FERKET P R, et al. Effects of probiolic Clostridium butyricum, on growth performance, immune function, and cecal microflora in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science, 2012, 91(9):2121-2129
[6] MENG Q W, YAN L, AO X, et al. Influence of probiolics in different energy and nutrient density diets on growth performance, nu trient digestibility, meat quality,and blood characteristics in growing-finishing pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 2010, 88(10):3320-3326.
[71] LIAO X D, MA G, CAI J, et al. Effects of Clostridium buyricum on growth performance, antioxidation, and im-mune function of broilers[J]. Poultry Science, 2015, 94(4):662-667.
[8] LOWENTHAL J W, CONNICK T E, MCWATERS P G,et al. Development of T cell immune responsivenessin the chicken[J]. Immunology and Cell Biology, 1994,72(2):115-122.
[9] KOENEN M E, BOONSTRA-BLOM A G, JEURISSEN S H M. Immunological differences between layerand broilertype chickens[J]. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2002, 89(1/2):47-56.
[10]贾志新.丁酸梭菌对樱桃谷肉鸭生长性能、免疫和抗氧化功能及肠道食糜VFA含量的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014.
[11] CHEN J W, CHEN Y H, LIN S J. Long-term exposure to oxidized low-density lipoprotein enhances tumor necrosis factor-a-stimulated endothelial adhesiveness of monocytes by activating superoxide generation and redox-sensitive pathways[J]. Free Radical Biology and Medicine,2006, 40(5):817-826.
[12] ZHANG H Q, DING T T, ZHAO J S, et al. Therapeutic effects of Clostridium butyricum on experimental colitis induced by oxazolone in rats[J].World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2009, 15(15):1821-1828.
[13] HAYASHI A, SATO T, KAMADA N, et al. A single strain of Clostridium butyricum induces intestinal IL-10-producing macrophages to suppress acute experimental colitis in mice[J]. Cell Host&Microbe, 2013, 13(6):711-722.
[14] ZHANG W H, GAO F, ZHU Q F, et al. Dietary sodium butyrate alleviates the oxidative stress induced by corticosterone exposure and improves meat quality in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science, 2011, 90(11):2592-2599.
[15] OHSAWA I, ISHIKAWA M, TAKAHASHI K. Hydrogen acts as a therapeutic antioxidant by selectively reducing cytotoxic oxygen radicals[J]. Nature Medicine, 2007, 13(6):688-694.
[2]李琨瑛,刘敏雄,王柱三,等.填饲对北京鸭糖耐量的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,1984(1):17-19.
[3]杨紫嫣,张亚茹,王忠,等.填饲应激对北京鸭生产性能、腿部肌肉品质、血清激素和血气指标的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(7):1517-1522.
[4]易中华,敖清根.饲用酪酸菌制剂的研发及其在动物生产中的应用[J].湖南饲料,2013(5):22-24.
[5] YANG C M, CAO G T, FERKET P R, et al. Effects of probiolic Clostridium butyricum, on growth performance, immune function, and cecal microflora in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science, 2012, 91(9):2121-2129
[6] MENG Q W, YAN L, AO X, et al. Influence of probiolics in different energy and nutrient density diets on growth performance, nu trient digestibility, meat quality,and blood characteristics in growing-finishing pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 2010, 88(10):3320-3326.
[71] LIAO X D, MA G, CAI J, et al. Effects of Clostridium buyricum on growth performance, antioxidation, and im-mune function of broilers[J]. Poultry Science, 2015, 94(4):662-667.
[8] LOWENTHAL J W, CONNICK T E, MCWATERS P G,et al. Development of T cell immune responsivenessin the chicken[J]. Immunology and Cell Biology, 1994,72(2):115-122.
[9] KOENEN M E, BOONSTRA-BLOM A G, JEURISSEN S H M. Immunological differences between layerand broilertype chickens[J]. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2002, 89(1/2):47-56.
[10]贾志新.丁酸梭菌对樱桃谷肉鸭生长性能、免疫和抗氧化功能及肠道食糜VFA含量的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014.
[11] CHEN J W, CHEN Y H, LIN S J. Long-term exposure to oxidized low-density lipoprotein enhances tumor necrosis factor-a-stimulated endothelial adhesiveness of monocytes by activating superoxide generation and redox-sensitive pathways[J]. Free Radical Biology and Medicine,2006, 40(5):817-826.
[12] ZHANG H Q, DING T T, ZHAO J S, et al. Therapeutic effects of Clostridium butyricum on experimental colitis induced by oxazolone in rats[J].World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2009, 15(15):1821-1828.
[13] HAYASHI A, SATO T, KAMADA N, et al. A single strain of Clostridium butyricum induces intestinal IL-10-producing macrophages to suppress acute experimental colitis in mice[J]. Cell Host&Microbe, 2013, 13(6):711-722.
[14] ZHANG W H, GAO F, ZHU Q F, et al. Dietary sodium butyrate alleviates the oxidative stress induced by corticosterone exposure and improves meat quality in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science, 2011, 90(11):2592-2599.
[15] OHSAWA I, ISHIKAWA M, TAKAHASHI K. Hydrogen acts as a therapeutic antioxidant by selectively reducing cytotoxic oxygen radicals[J]. Nature Medicine, 2007, 13(6):688-694.
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