隧道对地表地震动放大作用的研究
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摘要
场地条件对地震波传播有较大的影响,浅埋隧道改变了近地表的场地条件,势必会对地面地震动产生一定的影响,进而影响临近地面结构的地震响应。文章选取Ricker小波作为输入动力时程,利用数值方法研究了均匀弹性场地中圆形隧道对地表水平向峰值加速度的影响,分析了不同隧道埋深和入射波频率时地表水平向加速度的变化规律。结果表明,随着隧道埋深的增大,其对地表加速度峰值的影响变小,但影响范围近似线性增大,主要集中在5倍的隧道半径范围内;无量纲周期λ/D在6～8左右时,隧道对地表PGA的放大作用最为显著;λ/D>10时,隧道对地表地震动的影响基本可以忽略。
Site conditions have significant effect on seismic wave propagation,and the presence of a shallow-buried tunnel will change the site conditions of subsurface and has certain impact on ground motion,affecting seismic response of adjacent ground structure.By taking the Ricker wavelet as input motion,it studied the impact of a circular tunnel in the uniform elastic site on horizontal peak acceleration of subsurface by numerical method,analyzed the variation law of horizontal subsurface acceleration under different tunnel buried depths and frequencies of incident wave.The results show that the effect on peak subsurface acceleration decreases with an increase of tunnel overburden,the scope of influence increases linearly and it is mainly within the range of five times of tunnel radius;the amplification effect of tunnel on subsurface PGA is most significant when the dimensionless period λ/D is around 6-8 while the effect of tunnel on subsurface motion can be ignored when λ/D is more than 10.
Site conditions have significant effect on seismic wave propagation,and the presence of a shallow-buried tunnel will change the site conditions of subsurface and has certain impact on ground motion,affecting seismic response of adjacent ground structure.By taking the Ricker wavelet as input motion,it studied the impact of a circular tunnel in the uniform elastic site on horizontal peak acceleration of subsurface by numerical method,analyzed the variation law of horizontal subsurface acceleration under different tunnel buried depths and frequencies of incident wave.The results show that the effect on peak subsurface acceleration decreases with an increase of tunnel overburden,the scope of influence increases linearly and it is mainly within the range of five times of tunnel radius;the amplification effect of tunnel on subsurface PGA is most significant when the dimensionless period λ/D is around 6-8 while the effect of tunnel on subsurface motion can be ignored when λ/D is more than 10.
引文
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[16]陈建云,何伟,徐强,等.地下结构对场地和地表建筑地震响应影响分析[J].大连理工大学学报,2012,52(3):393-398.CHEN Jianyun,HE Wei,XU Qiang,et al.Analyses for Effct of Underground Structure on Seismic Response of Ground and Adjacent Surface Buildings[J].Jouranl of Dalian University of Technology,2012,52(3):393-398.
[17]ALILAHI H,KAMALIAN M,ADAMPIRA M.Seismic Ground Amplification by Unlined Tunnels Subjected to Vertically Propagating SV and P Waves Using BEM[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2015,71:63-79.
[18]OSAMA ABUHAJAR,HESHAM EI NAGGAR,TIM NEWSON.Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Effect of Buried Box Culverts on Earthquake Excitation[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2015,79:130-148.
[19]MOHAMMAD HASSAN BAZIAR,MASOUD RABETI MOGHADAM,YUN WOOK CHOO,et al.Tunnel Flexibility Effect on the Ground Surface Acceleration Response[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2016,15(3):457-476.
[20]MOHAMMAD HASSAN BAZIAR,MASOUD RABETI MOGHADAM,DONG-SOO KIM,et al.Effect of Underground Tunnel on the Ground Surface Acceleration[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2014,44:10-22.
[21]Itasca Consulting Group.Software Manual of FLAC Version5.0[R].Minneapolis:Itasca Consulting Group,2005.
[22]JOHN LYSMER,ROGER L KUHLEMEYER.Finite Dynamic Model for Infinite Media[J].Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,1969,95(4):859-878.
[23]中华人民共和国国家标准.城市轨道交通结构抗震设计规范:GB50909-2014[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2014.National Standard of the People′s Republic of China.Code for Seismic Design of Urban Rail Transit Structures:GB50909-2014[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2014.
[24]CHIARA SEMERZINI,J.AVILéS,ROBERTO PAOLUCCI,et al.Effect of Underground Cavities on Surface Earthquake Ground Motion under SH Wave Propagation[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2009,38(12):1441-1460.
[2]李平,刘红帅,薄景山,等.汶川Ms8.0地震河谷地形对汉源县城高烈度异常的影响[J].地球物理学报,2016,59(1):174-184.LI Ping,LIU Hongshuai,BO Jingshan,et al.Effects of River Valley Topography on Anomalously High Intensity in the Hanyuan Town during the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 Earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2016,59(1):174-184.
[3]王海云.渭河盆地中土层场地对地震动的放大作用[J].地球物理学报,2016,54(1):137-150.WANG Haiyun.Amplification Effects of Soil Sites on Ground Motion in the Weihe Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2016,54(1):137-150.
[4]张郁山.圆弧状多层沉积谷地在平面SV波入射下的动力响应[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(6):1547-1555.ZHANG Yushan.Dynamic Response of Alluvial Valley Containning Multiple Circular-arc Layers Incident by Plane SV Waves[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(6):1547-1555.
[5]黄宏伟,张冬梅.盾构隧道施工引起的地表沉降及现场监控[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(增):1814-1820.HUANG Hongwei,ZHANG Dongmei.Shield Tunnelling Induced Surface Settlement and In-situ Monitoring[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(S):1814-1820.
[6]BILOTTA E.Use of Diaphragm Walls to Mitigate Ground Movements Induced by Tunnelling[J].Geotechnique,2008,58(2):143-155.
[7]王辉,赵文娟.叠交隧道设计参数对既有隧道稳定性影响的动态模拟研究[J].现代隧道技术,2017,54(1):116-122.WANG Hui,ZHAO Wenjuan.Dynamic Simulation of the Effects of Design Parameters of Overlapped Tunnels on the Stability of Existing Tunnels[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2017,54(1):116-122.
[8]VINCENT W LEE,MIHAILO D TRIFUNAC.Response of Tunnels to Incident SH-Waves[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics Division,1979,105(4):643-659.
[9]VINCENT W LEE,J KRAL,MIHAILO D TRIFUNAC.Diffraction of SV Waves by Underground,Circular,Cylindrical Cavities[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1992,11(8):445-456.
[10]VINCENT W LEE,J KARL.On Deformations of Near a Circular Underground Cavity Subjected to Incident Plane P Waves[J].European Journal of Earthquake Engineering,1993(1):29-36.
[11]袁晓铭.地表下圆形夹塞区出平面散射对地面运动的影响[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(3):373-381.YUAN Xiaoming.Effect of a Circular Underground Inclusion on Surface Motion under Incident Plane SH Waves[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1996,39(3):373-381.
[12]刘殿魁,林宏.浅埋的圆柱形孔洞对SH波的散射与地震动[J].振动与冲击,2003,23(1):6-12.LIU Diankui,LIN Hong.Scattering of SH-waves Waves by a Shallow Buried Cylindrical Cavity and the Ground Motion[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2003,23(1):6-12.
[13]齐辉,丁晓浩,张洋.垂直界面附近椭圆形夹杂对SH波的散射与地震动研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(8):2151-2158.QI Hui,DING Xiaohao,ZHANG Yang.Study of Scattering of SH Waves by a Buried Elliptic Inclusion near a Vertical Interface and Ground Surface Vibration[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(8):2151-2158.
[14]JOEL M CRICHLOW.The Effect of Underground Structure on Seismic Motions of the Ground Surface[J].Geophysical Journal International,1982,70(3):563-575.
[15]陈国兴,庄海洋,徐烨.软弱地基浅埋隧洞对场地设计地震动的影响[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(6):739-744.CHEN Guoxing,ZHUANG Haiyang,XU Ye.A Study on Influence of Excavated Shallow Tunnel on Design Parameters of Ground Motion in the Soft Site[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(6):739-744.
[16]陈建云,何伟,徐强,等.地下结构对场地和地表建筑地震响应影响分析[J].大连理工大学学报,2012,52(3):393-398.CHEN Jianyun,HE Wei,XU Qiang,et al.Analyses for Effct of Underground Structure on Seismic Response of Ground and Adjacent Surface Buildings[J].Jouranl of Dalian University of Technology,2012,52(3):393-398.
[17]ALILAHI H,KAMALIAN M,ADAMPIRA M.Seismic Ground Amplification by Unlined Tunnels Subjected to Vertically Propagating SV and P Waves Using BEM[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2015,71:63-79.
[18]OSAMA ABUHAJAR,HESHAM EI NAGGAR,TIM NEWSON.Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Effect of Buried Box Culverts on Earthquake Excitation[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2015,79:130-148.
[19]MOHAMMAD HASSAN BAZIAR,MASOUD RABETI MOGHADAM,YUN WOOK CHOO,et al.Tunnel Flexibility Effect on the Ground Surface Acceleration Response[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2016,15(3):457-476.
[20]MOHAMMAD HASSAN BAZIAR,MASOUD RABETI MOGHADAM,DONG-SOO KIM,et al.Effect of Underground Tunnel on the Ground Surface Acceleration[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2014,44:10-22.
[21]Itasca Consulting Group.Software Manual of FLAC Version5.0[R].Minneapolis:Itasca Consulting Group,2005.
[22]JOHN LYSMER,ROGER L KUHLEMEYER.Finite Dynamic Model for Infinite Media[J].Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,1969,95(4):859-878.
[23]中华人民共和国国家标准.城市轨道交通结构抗震设计规范:GB50909-2014[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2014.National Standard of the People′s Republic of China.Code for Seismic Design of Urban Rail Transit Structures:GB50909-2014[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2014.
[24]CHIARA SEMERZINI,J.AVILéS,ROBERTO PAOLUCCI,et al.Effect of Underground Cavities on Surface Earthquake Ground Motion under SH Wave Propagation[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2009,38(12):1441-1460.
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