摘要
本文综述了国内废Al_2O_3催化剂中铂族金属(Pt、Pd、Rh)综合回收利用研究现状,介绍了国内铂族金属市场的供需情况,分析了汽车尾气催化剂和工业废Pd/Al_2O_3催化剂的回收现状,阐述了汽车尾气催化剂火法、湿法回收工艺和工业废Pd/Al_2O_3催化剂活性组分溶解法、载体溶解法、全溶法回收工艺,提出了一种包含预处理-混酸溶解-金属置换-盐酸除杂-混酸再溶解-还原的联合回收工艺。
The research status of comprehensive recovery and utilization of platinum metals(Pt, Pd, Rh) from spent Al_2O_3 catalysts in China is reviewed. the supply and demand status of platinum metals in domestic market is introduced. the recovery status of automobile exhaust catalysts and spent Pd/Al_2O_3 catalysts for industry are analyzed. the pyrometallurgical and wet recovery processes for automobile exhaust catalysts and the recovery processes of the active component dissolution method, the carrier dissolution method and the total solution method for industrial spent Pd/Al_2O_3 catalysts are described. A combined recovery process, which contains the following steps of pretreatment, mixed acid dissolution, metal replacement, impurities removed by hydrochloric acid, mixed acid dissolution and reduction, is proposed.
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