互联网+WEEE回收模式的路径设计
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摘要
随着"互联网+"行动战略等一系列政策的出台,互联网+回收模式得到了快速的发展,为废弃电器电子产品(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment,WEEE)的回收利用和循环经济的发展提供了新契机。文章系统梳理了互联网+WEEE回收模式的回收渠道及发展历程和特点,阐释了影响其发展的利益相关者间逻辑关联的相互作用:企业自身缺点局限了回收能力,政府职能缺失和消费者参与不足进一步加剧了企业困境,最终导致了企业盈利规模小,回收能力不足以带动整个产业规模化发展。从回收企业、消费者和政府3个核心利益相关者的视角出发,通过逆向推理列出突破制约的主要条件,基于经济、共享、生态和安全4个原则,设计出由核心利益相关者协同合作,兼顾回收、监督和宣教3个功能,可行性程度高、成本较小的政府主导型回收路径,并建议开展线上的统一回收平台和线下以社区为主布局智能回收设备或回收站点的建设试点。
With enforcing a series of policies such as the "Internet+" Action Strategy,the "Internet+Recycling" has emerged and developed rapidly during the past few years in China,which provided a new opportunity to improve the recycling efficiency of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment(WEEE) and accelerated the circular economy.Different recycling channels,typical cases,current situation,commonness and characteristics of the "Internet+WEEE Recycling" were summarized and interactions of logical relationship between stakeholders affecting their development were illustrated in this paper.It was pointed out that the capacity of "Internet+WEEE Recycling" was restricted by enterprises own shortcomings and enterprise troubles were aggravated due to deficiency of government functions and insufficient consumer participation,which leaded to small corporate earnings and low recycling capacity that can not drive the scale development of the whole industry.From the perspective of three core stakeholders such as the WEEE-recyclers,consumers and the government,the main conditions for breaking through the present constraints were listed by use of backward inference based on the four principles of low cost,channel & information-sharing,ecological environment protection and informative safety.The government-oriented recycling path was designed by mutual cooperation between core stakeholders,which combined the functions of recycling,supervising,propaganda and education and had the characteristic of high feasibility and low cost.At the same time,it was suggested that the online unified WEEE recycling platform and the offline intelligent recycling facilities/the recycling sites operated by the WEEE recycling enterprises in the communities should be constructed in pilot scale.
With enforcing a series of policies such as the "Internet+" Action Strategy,the "Internet+Recycling" has emerged and developed rapidly during the past few years in China,which provided a new opportunity to improve the recycling efficiency of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment(WEEE) and accelerated the circular economy.Different recycling channels,typical cases,current situation,commonness and characteristics of the "Internet+WEEE Recycling" were summarized and interactions of logical relationship between stakeholders affecting their development were illustrated in this paper.It was pointed out that the capacity of "Internet+WEEE Recycling" was restricted by enterprises own shortcomings and enterprise troubles were aggravated due to deficiency of government functions and insufficient consumer participation,which leaded to small corporate earnings and low recycling capacity that can not drive the scale development of the whole industry.From the perspective of three core stakeholders such as the WEEE-recyclers,consumers and the government,the main conditions for breaking through the present constraints were listed by use of backward inference based on the four principles of low cost,channel & information-sharing,ecological environment protection and informative safety.The government-oriented recycling path was designed by mutual cooperation between core stakeholders,which combined the functions of recycling,supervising,propaganda and education and had the characteristic of high feasibility and low cost.At the same time,it was suggested that the online unified WEEE recycling platform and the offline intelligent recycling facilities/the recycling sites operated by the WEEE recycling enterprises in the communities should be constructed in pilot scale.
引文
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[6]魏洁.基于“互联网+”的废弃电器电子产品回收策略新构想[J].今日科技,2015(11):54-56.
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[9]宋庆彬,张宇平,缪友萍,等.“互联网+资源回收”模式助推中国资源回收革命[J].环境污染与防治,2016,38(8):105-109.
[10]周永生,高山.创新驱动下基于O2O视角的城市矿产“互联网+回收”模式构建研究[J].开发研究,2015(4):29-32
[11]王怀栋,吴玉锋,左铁镛.“互联网+”时代我国WEEE回收行业的发展趋势[J].资源再生,2015(6):36-39.
[12]李春发,王美美.基于SD的“互联网+”WEEE回收三方演化博弈仿真研究[J].价值工程,2018,37(15):19-21.
[13]许民利,邹康来,简惠云.“互联网+”环境下考虑消费者行为的资源回收策略研究[J].控制与决策2018,35(12):1-8.
[14]XUE Y,WEN Z,BRESSERS H,et al.Can intelligent collection integrate informal sector for urban resource recycling in China?[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2019(208):307-315.
[15]陈宏辉,贾生华.企业利益相关者三维分类的实证分析[J].经济研究,2004(4):80-90.
[16]杨琪琪.基于契约理论的WEEE网络回收系统协调机制研究[D].天津:天津理工大学,2015.
[17]杨占红,吕晶华,冯慧娟,等.“互联网+再生资源产业”:新形势与发展路径[J].环境保护,2016,44(13):43-47.
[18]刘一非.互联网+废旧手机回收模式研究[D].天津:天津理工大学,2016.
[19]WANG H,HAN H,LIU T,et al.“Internet+” recyclable resources:A new recycling mode in China[J].Resources,Conservation&recycling,2018,134:44-47.
[20]邹雅玲.消费者废旧手机网络回收意愿影响因素研究[D].天津:天津理工大学,2015.
[21]王昶,吕夏冰,孙桥.居民参与“互联网+回收”意愿的影响因素研究[J].管理学报,2017,14(12):1847-1854.
[2]郭甲嘉,苏明明,靳敏.互联网+电子废弃物回收的思考与建议[J].环境保护,2018,46(19):68-70.
[3]周宏春.“互联网+”绿色化促进发展方式转变[J].政策瞭望,2015(9):46-48.
[4]搜狐网.电废市场出路在哪?[EB/OL].[2018-10-10].http://www.sohu.com/a/258643074_705961.
[5]魏洁.废弃电器电子产品“互联网+”回收模式构建[J].科技管理研究,2016,36(21):230-234.
[6]魏洁.基于“互联网+”的废弃电器电子产品回收策略新构想[J].今日科技,2015(11):54-56.
[7]韩芳旭.电子废弃物网络回收模式与机制研究[D].天津:天津理工大学,2015.
[8]周宏春.“互联网+”废品回收:催生新业态[N].中国经济时报,2016-02-19(015).
[9]宋庆彬,张宇平,缪友萍,等.“互联网+资源回收”模式助推中国资源回收革命[J].环境污染与防治,2016,38(8):105-109.
[10]周永生,高山.创新驱动下基于O2O视角的城市矿产“互联网+回收”模式构建研究[J].开发研究,2015(4):29-32
[11]王怀栋,吴玉锋,左铁镛.“互联网+”时代我国WEEE回收行业的发展趋势[J].资源再生,2015(6):36-39.
[12]李春发,王美美.基于SD的“互联网+”WEEE回收三方演化博弈仿真研究[J].价值工程,2018,37(15):19-21.
[13]许民利,邹康来,简惠云.“互联网+”环境下考虑消费者行为的资源回收策略研究[J].控制与决策2018,35(12):1-8.
[14]XUE Y,WEN Z,BRESSERS H,et al.Can intelligent collection integrate informal sector for urban resource recycling in China?[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2019(208):307-315.
[15]陈宏辉,贾生华.企业利益相关者三维分类的实证分析[J].经济研究,2004(4):80-90.
[16]杨琪琪.基于契约理论的WEEE网络回收系统协调机制研究[D].天津:天津理工大学,2015.
[17]杨占红,吕晶华,冯慧娟,等.“互联网+再生资源产业”:新形势与发展路径[J].环境保护,2016,44(13):43-47.
[18]刘一非.互联网+废旧手机回收模式研究[D].天津:天津理工大学,2016.
[19]WANG H,HAN H,LIU T,et al.“Internet+” recyclable resources:A new recycling mode in China[J].Resources,Conservation&recycling,2018,134:44-47.
[20]邹雅玲.消费者废旧手机网络回收意愿影响因素研究[D].天津:天津理工大学,2015.
[21]王昶,吕夏冰,孙桥.居民参与“互联网+回收”意愿的影响因素研究[J].管理学报,2017,14(12):1847-1854.
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