兰州市近地面臭氧污染分布特征
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摘要
为探究兰州市近地面臭氧(O_3)浓度的分布特征,对2013～2016年兰州市5个国家空气质量监测点逐时的O_3浓度资料进行了统计分析,结合同期的NO_2和颗粒物(PM_(10)、PM_(2.5))浓度资料得到兰州市的O_3污染变化趋势及其分布特征。结果表明:兰州市区O_3与NO_2浓度的日变化呈现相反的变化趋势,二者之间存在明显的负相关关系,相关系数为-0.45;兰州市区颗粒物与O_3之间相互影响,颗粒物浓度春、冬季较高,而O_3夏季较高,O_3与PM_(2.5)浓度月变化之间的相关系数为-0.78,O_3逐渐成为继颗粒物之后首要污染物天数最多的污染物;兰州市区和榆中县O_3浓度均呈现明显的日变化、月际变化、季节变化;不同站点分布特征显示,兰州市区4个监测站点中兰炼宾馆O_3浓度最高,职工医院与生物制品厂相差不大,铁路设计院最低,表明西固区O_3污染形势最为严峻,七里河区次之,城关区O_3污染较轻,而且榆中县O_3浓度除夏季外其它时段均比市区高。
In order to explore the distribution characteristics of near-surface ozone(O_3) concentration in Lanzhou city,the hourly O_3 concentration data of five national air quality monitoring sites in Lanzhou from 2013 to 2016 were statistically analyzed.Combined with the data of NO_2 and particulate matter(PM_(10) and PM_(2.5)) concentration in the same period,the variation trend and distribution characteristics of O_3 pollution in Lanzhou were obtained.The results indicated that the daily variation of O_3 and NO_2 concentrations in Lanzhou City showed an opposite trend,and there was a significant negative correlation between them with correlation coefficient of-0.45.Particulate matter and O_3 interacted with each other in Lanzhou city.The concentration of particulate matter were higher in spring and winter,while O_3 was highter in summer.The correlation coefficient between O_3 and PM_(2.5) concentration was-0.78.O_3 gradually became the most important pollutant after the particulate matter.The O_3 concentrations in Lanzhou city and Yuzhong county showed obvious diurnal,monthly and seasonal variations.The distribution characteristics of different sites showed that Lanlian Hotel had the highest concentration of O_3 in four monitoring sites in Lanzhou city.There was little difference between the staff hospital and biological products factory,and the railway design institute was the lowest.This result indicated that the O_3 pollution situation in Xigu District was the most serious,followed by the Qilihe District and Chengguan District.The O_3 concentration in Yuzhong county was higher than that in the urban area except for summer.
In order to explore the distribution characteristics of near-surface ozone(O_3) concentration in Lanzhou city,the hourly O_3 concentration data of five national air quality monitoring sites in Lanzhou from 2013 to 2016 were statistically analyzed.Combined with the data of NO_2 and particulate matter(PM_(10) and PM_(2.5)) concentration in the same period,the variation trend and distribution characteristics of O_3 pollution in Lanzhou were obtained.The results indicated that the daily variation of O_3 and NO_2 concentrations in Lanzhou City showed an opposite trend,and there was a significant negative correlation between them with correlation coefficient of-0.45.Particulate matter and O_3 interacted with each other in Lanzhou city.The concentration of particulate matter were higher in spring and winter,while O_3 was highter in summer.The correlation coefficient between O_3 and PM_(2.5) concentration was-0.78.O_3 gradually became the most important pollutant after the particulate matter.The O_3 concentrations in Lanzhou city and Yuzhong county showed obvious diurnal,monthly and seasonal variations.The distribution characteristics of different sites showed that Lanlian Hotel had the highest concentration of O_3 in four monitoring sites in Lanzhou city.There was little difference between the staff hospital and biological products factory,and the railway design institute was the lowest.This result indicated that the O_3 pollution situation in Xigu District was the most serious,followed by the Qilihe District and Chengguan District.The O_3 concentration in Yuzhong county was higher than that in the urban area except for summer.
引文
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[16]柴敏平,罗勇,商娟,等.江西省城市空气臭氧污染状况及时空分布特征[J].江西科学,2018,36(1):95-100.
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[18]张云霞,吴婷婷,白志娜,等.城市地表臭氧的时空分布特征研究[J].农业灾害研究,2017,7(Z4):28-29.
[19]陈长和,黄建国,任阵海,等.兰州西固工业区夏季臭氧浓度变化的气象条件[J].环境研究,1986(4):8-9.
[2]刘松,程燕,李博伟,等.2013—2016年西安市臭氧时空变化特性与影响因素[J].地球环境学报,2017,8(6):541-551.
[3]陈漾,张金谱,黄祖照.广州市近地面臭氧时空变化及其与气象因子的关系[J].中国环境监测,2017,33(4):99-109.
[4]王伟,白娟,杨丽蓉,等.银川市臭氧质量浓度时空分布特征及相关因子分析[J].宁夏工程技术,2016,15(4):304-307+312.
[5]刘芷君,谢小训,谢旻,等.长江三角洲地区臭氧污染时空分布特征[J].生态与农村环境学报,2016,32(3):445-450.
[6]王铎,刘枢.辽宁中部地区臭氧污染趋势及时空分布特征[J].环境保护与循环经济,2018,38(4):58-62.
[7]WANG Y Y,DU H Y,XU Y Q,et al.Temporal and spatial variation relationship and influence factors on surface urban heat island and ozone pollution in the Yangtze River Delta,China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,631-632:921-933.
[8]KUMAR A,SINGH D,SINGH B P,et al.Spatial and temporal variability of surface ozone and nitrogen oxides in urban and rural ambient air of Delhi-NCR,India[J].Air Quality,Atmosphere & Health,2015,8(4):391-399.
[9]COOPER S M,PETERSON D L.Spatial distribution of tropospheric ozone in western Washington,USA[J].Environmental Pollution,2000,107(3):339-347.
[10]程麟钧,王帅,宫正宇,等.京津冀区域臭氧污染趋势及时空分布特征[J].中国环境监测,2017,33(1):14-21.
[11]侯乐,王帅,刘闽,等.沈阳市臭氧浓度时空分布与变化特征分析[J].环境保护与循环经济,2017,37(10):48-51.
[12]黄俊,廖碧婷,吴兑,等.广州近地面臭氧浓度特征及气象影响分析[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(1):23-31.
[13]李全喜,王金艳,刘筱冉,等.兰州市区臭氧时空分布特征及气象和环境因子对臭氧的影响[J].环境保护科学,2018,44(2):78-84+97.
[14]温玲,徐建平.中欧环境空气质量标准比较分析研究[J].环境科学与管理,2017,42(9):76-80.
[15]曹庭伟,吴锴,康平,等.成渝城市群臭氧污染特征及影响因素分析[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(4):1275-1284.
[16]柴敏平,罗勇,商娟,等.江西省城市空气臭氧污染状况及时空分布特征[J].江西科学,2018,36(1):95-100.
[17]张祥志,陈文泰,黄樱,等.江苏省2013—2016年臭氧时空分布特征[J].中国环境监测,2017,33(4):50-59.
[18]张云霞,吴婷婷,白志娜,等.城市地表臭氧的时空分布特征研究[J].农业灾害研究,2017,7(Z4):28-29.
[19]陈长和,黄建国,任阵海,等.兰州西固工业区夏季臭氧浓度变化的气象条件[J].环境研究,1986(4):8-9.
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