大型高炉铜冷却壁渣皮物相组成及性能分析
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摘要
高炉铜冷却壁热面形成的渣皮是保障冷却壁寿命的关键。基于高炉中修,针对铜冷却壁热面的渣皮进行实地取样,通过化学成分分析、XRD分析以及SEM-EDS分析,并结合FactSage热力学计算及激光法导热分析,对大型高炉铜冷却壁表面形成渣皮的化学成分、微观形貌、高温性能和导热性能进行系统研究,探明了大型高炉铜冷却壁热面渣皮的物相组成和基础性能。结果表明,高炉铜冷却壁渣皮具有明显的分层结构,主要物相为二铝酸钙(CaAl_4O_7)、硅灰石(Ca_2Al_2SiO_7)和钙长石(CaAl_2Si_2O_8)等;通过FactSage软件计算渣皮熔化温度和黏度,发现沿着渣皮的生长方向,熔化温度降低,流动性降低;并通过传热计算得出合理渣皮厚度条件下的热流强度,从而为高炉生产实践提供理论指导。
The slag crust formed on the hot side of the blast furnace copper stave is the key to ensuring the campaign of the BF.The slag crust on the hot surface of the copper stave was sampled based on the BF mid-repair.The X ray fluorescence spectrometry,X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope coupled with an energy dispersive spectrometer,Factsage thermodynamic software and laser thermal conductivity analysis were performed to explore the chemical composition,microstructure,thermal conductivity and phase composition of the slag crust.The results show that the slag crust has a clear layered structure,and the main phases are grossite(CaAl_4O_7),gehlenite(Ca_2Al_2SiO_7)and anorthite(CaAl_2Si_2O_8).The melting temperature and the viscosity of the slag crust were calculated by Factsage software.It was found that along the growth direction of the slag crust,the melting temperature decreased and the fluidity deteriorated.The heat flow intensity of the slag crust under a reasonable thickness is calculated by the heat transfer method,which provides a theoretical guidance for the BF production practice.
The slag crust formed on the hot side of the blast furnace copper stave is the key to ensuring the campaign of the BF.The slag crust on the hot surface of the copper stave was sampled based on the BF mid-repair.The X ray fluorescence spectrometry,X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope coupled with an energy dispersive spectrometer,Factsage thermodynamic software and laser thermal conductivity analysis were performed to explore the chemical composition,microstructure,thermal conductivity and phase composition of the slag crust.The results show that the slag crust has a clear layered structure,and the main phases are grossite(CaAl_4O_7),gehlenite(Ca_2Al_2SiO_7)and anorthite(CaAl_2Si_2O_8).The melting temperature and the viscosity of the slag crust were calculated by Factsage software.It was found that along the growth direction of the slag crust,the melting temperature decreased and the fluidity deteriorated.The heat flow intensity of the slag crust under a reasonable thickness is calculated by the heat transfer method,which provides a theoretical guidance for the BF production practice.
引文
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[13] DENG Y,JIAO K X,WU Q C,et al.Damage mechanism of copper stave used in blast furnace[J].Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2018,45(10):886.
[14] Kim J W,Park J I,Kwon E H,et al.Wear characteristics of cooling Cu stave during blast furnace operating conditions[J].Korean Journal of Metals and Materials,2015,53(5):370.
[15] CHENG S S,QIAN L,ZHAO H B.Monitoring method for blast furnace wall with copper staves[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2007,14(7):1.
[16] WU T,CHENG S S.Model of forming-accretion on blast furnace copper stave and industrial application[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2012,19(7):1.
[17]张恒,张建良,焦克新,等.高炉板壁结合冷却器破损原因解析[J].钢铁,2018,53(8):28.(ZHANG Heng,ZHANG Jianliang,JIAO Ke-xin,et al.Analysis on damage cause to staveplate compound cooling system of a commercial blast furnace[J].Iron and Steel,2018,53(8):28.)
[18]常治宇,张建良,白兴全,等.酒钢高炉炉渣熔化温度与流动性研究[J].冶金能源,2018,37(2):20.(CHANG Zhi-yu,ZHANG Jian-liang,BAI Xing-quan,et al.Study on melting temperature and fluidity of blast furnace slag of Jiusteel[J].Energy for Metallurgical Industry,2018,37(2):20.)
[19] YAO L,REN S,WANG X,et al.Effect of Al2O3,MgO,and CaO/SiO2on viscosity of high alumina blast furnace slag[J].Steel Research International,2016,87(2):241.
[20]张先棹.冶金传输原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1988.(ZHANG Xian-zhao.Metallurgy Transmission Principle[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1988.)
[2]魏丽.我国高炉使用铜冷却壁10年来的回顾[J].炼铁,2012,31(3):13.(WEI Li.Comments on 10years application of coopper cooling stave[J].Ironmaking,2012,31(3):13.)
[3]蒋玲.高炉铜冷却壁的应用及分析[J].钢铁研究,2003(4):1.(JIANG Ling.Application and analysis of copper stave used in blast furnace[J].Research on Iron and Steel,2003(4):1.)
[4]钱亮,程素森.高炉铜冷却壁自保护能力的实现[J].北京科技大学学报,2006,28(11):1052.(QIAN Liang,CHENG Susen.Realizing the self-protect ability of a blast furnace cooling system with copper stave[J].Journal of University of Science Technol Beijing,2006,28(11):1052.)
[5] Van Laar R,Van Stein Callenfels E,Geerdes M.Blast furnace hearth management for safe and long campaigns[J].Iron and Steelmaker,2003,30(8):123.
[6]刘琦.采用铜冷却壁延长高炉炉体寿命[J].炼铁,2002,21(6):7.(LIU Qi.Adopting copper cooling stave to prolong BF campaign[J].Ironmaking,2002,21(6):7.)
[7]李峰光,张建良,魏丽,等.铜冷却壁使用现状及破损原因浅析[C]//2012年全国高炉长寿与高风温技术研讨会论文集.北京:中国金属学会,2012:1.(LI Feng-guang,ZHANG Jianliang,WEI Li,et al.Application status and damage reason analysis of copper stave[C]//2012 National Blast Furnace Longevity and High Wind Temperature Technology Seminar.Beijing:The Chinese Society for Metals,2012:1.)
[8]朱兴华,陈冬,侯玉伟.济源钢厂2号高炉设计特点及实践[J].中国冶金,2017,27(1):41.(ZHU Xing-hua,CHEN Dong,HOU Yu-wei.Design features and practice of No.2BF in Jiyuan Steel Plant[J].China Metallurgy,2017,27(1):41.)
[9]康磊,车玉满,王宝海,等.高炉铜冷却壁取样研究及破损原因分析[J].钢铁,2014,49(12):28.(KANG Lei,CHE Yuman,WANG Bao-hai,et al.Damage reason analysis of BF copper stave[J].Iron and Steel,2014,49(12):28.)
[10]郭光胜,张建良,刘彦祥,等.湘钢1号高炉铜冷却壁破损机理研究[J].炼铁,2016,35(3):19.(GUO Guang-sheng,ZHANG Jian-liang,LIU Yan-xiang,et al.Damage reason analysis of Xiang Tan No.1BF copper stave[J].Ironmaking,2016,35(3):19.)
[11]胡水生,郭艳勇.首钢京唐1号高炉操作炉型管理实践[J].中国冶金,2016,26(7):43.(HU Shui-sheng,GUO Yanyong.Management practice of operation profile of No.1blast furnace in Shougang Jingtang[J].China Metallurgy,2016,26(7):43.)
[12]邓勇,焦克新,张建良,等.高炉铜冷却壁损坏的原因及解决对策[J].炼铁,2017,36(4):10.(DENG Yong,JIAO Ke-xin,ZHANG Jian-liang,et al.Causes of BF copper stave damage and counter measures[J].Ironmaking,2017,36(4):10.)
[13] DENG Y,JIAO K X,WU Q C,et al.Damage mechanism of copper stave used in blast furnace[J].Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2018,45(10):886.
[14] Kim J W,Park J I,Kwon E H,et al.Wear characteristics of cooling Cu stave during blast furnace operating conditions[J].Korean Journal of Metals and Materials,2015,53(5):370.
[15] CHENG S S,QIAN L,ZHAO H B.Monitoring method for blast furnace wall with copper staves[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2007,14(7):1.
[16] WU T,CHENG S S.Model of forming-accretion on blast furnace copper stave and industrial application[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2012,19(7):1.
[17]张恒,张建良,焦克新,等.高炉板壁结合冷却器破损原因解析[J].钢铁,2018,53(8):28.(ZHANG Heng,ZHANG Jianliang,JIAO Ke-xin,et al.Analysis on damage cause to staveplate compound cooling system of a commercial blast furnace[J].Iron and Steel,2018,53(8):28.)
[18]常治宇,张建良,白兴全,等.酒钢高炉炉渣熔化温度与流动性研究[J].冶金能源,2018,37(2):20.(CHANG Zhi-yu,ZHANG Jian-liang,BAI Xing-quan,et al.Study on melting temperature and fluidity of blast furnace slag of Jiusteel[J].Energy for Metallurgical Industry,2018,37(2):20.)
[19] YAO L,REN S,WANG X,et al.Effect of Al2O3,MgO,and CaO/SiO2on viscosity of high alumina blast furnace slag[J].Steel Research International,2016,87(2):241.
[20]张先棹.冶金传输原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1988.(ZHANG Xian-zhao.Metallurgy Transmission Principle[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1988.)
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